Species
+

Acer campestre L.

Field Maple, Hedge maple

Climate known 71 photographs Temperate garden plant
Add one to my plants Sow seed

Every figure on this page is derived from public data by a stated rule and says its source; nothing here is written by a person or a model, except the Wikipedia passage, which is quoted and marked as such. How it is made.

Summary

Acer campestre, known as the field maple, is a flowering plant species in the family Sapindaceae. It is native to much of continental Europe, Britain, southwest Asia from Turkey to the Caucasus, and north Africa in the Atlas Mountains. It has been widely planted, and is introduced outside its native range in Europe and areas of the US and Western Australia with suitable climate.

Text from Wikipedia, “Acer campestre”, CC BY-SA 4.0, quoted as written. Kept separate from everything derived here.

Family
Sapindaceae
Described by
L.
Native to
Denmark, Great Britain, Sweden +28
Wild records
700 in range· 224 open

At a glance

Warmest month
22°C
Jul, mean day; nights 14 °C (CHELSA)
Rain
861mm/yr
12 wet months · peak Oct 82 mm (CHELSA)
Light
4–34DLI
mol/m²/day, winter to summer, open sky (CHELSA shortwave)
In short condensed by rule from the cultivation cards · not written by a person
Grouped as a temperate garden plant by the genus Acer, which is reliably one kind of plant (archetype table). Rain rule: no season, 70% of the rain takes 8 months (June to January in the northern hemisphere). Habitat rain 861 mm a year, wettest October at 82 mm, driest April at 50 mm (habitat calendar, northern hemisphere). Open sky over the habitat: 4 to 34 mol/m²/day. Cold floor -8.3 °C (1st-percentile habitat night, NASA POWER).
Each sentence is one card's own one-line form, written by the same rule as the card (Its year, Rain, Light, Temperature); the note cannot say what a card does not. Months are given for the northern hemisphere (set your site in Settings to change this), and the habitat's own alongside. The cards · the figures.

Also known as Acer campestre f. deflexum Beck; Acer campestre f. leiophyllum Pax; Acer campestre f. pseudomonspessulanum Bornm. & Pax; Acer campestre subsp. leiocarpum P.Fourn., 1936; Acer campestre var. campestre and 9 more.

Cultivation

Grouped as a temperate garden plant by the genus Acer, which is reliably one kind of plant (archetype table). The table holds no figure for this group, which spans too much for one minimum; the cold floor is the habitat's alone, and no prose comes from the table.

Its year Rain rule: no season, 70% of the rain takes 8 months (June to January in the northern hemisphere).

This species’ habitat figures, and what two fixed rules read from them.

The rain rule reads no season: 70% of the year's rain (618 mm of 861 mm) takes 8 months, June to January. Mean temperature moves 15.0 °C between the warmest and coldest month. Months are the habitat's, northern hemisphere; shifted six months for a southern-hemisphere collection: December to July.

Read from the median year of CHELSA monthly rainfall and mean temperature across the envelope cells: the rain rule takes the smallest set of months carrying 70% of the rain and calls it winter when its mean is more than half a degree below the year's, summer when more than that above, and neither in between; the temperature rule, used only under 120 mm, names the cooler six months when they are at least a degree cooler than the other six. Months are shifted for the other hemisphere only where the temperature curve gives a season to reverse. A reading of the curves, not an observation of the plant.

Rain Habitat rain 861 mm a year, wettest October at 82 mm, driest April at 50 mm (habitat calendar, northern hemisphere).

This species’ habitat figures, with their source.

861 mm a year at the habitat, 618 mm of it June to January. Wettest month October at 82 mm, driest April at 50 mm. Across the envelope cells the year's total runs 664 mm to 1126 mm (10th to 90th percentile of each cell's own year) (median year across the envelope cells, CHELSA; habitat calendar, northern hemisphere).

CHELSA monthly precipitation, median year across the envelope cells. The rain that falls where the species is recorded; nothing about how the plant takes water.

Light Open sky over the habitat: 4 to 34 mol/m²/day.

This species’ habitat figures, with their source.

Open sky over the habitat: 4 to 34 mol/m²/day across the year (daily light integral, median year across the envelope cells, CHELSA; the lowest 10th-percentile month across the cells is 4, the highest 90th-percentile month 38).

CHELSA shortwave radiation at each envelope cell, a daily-mean flux taken to a daily total and converted at 2.07 mol of PAR per MJ. The sky over the habitat, measured; what reaches a plant under a rock, a shrub or a shade cloth is not.

Warmth and air Cold floor -8.3 °C (1st-percentile habitat night, NASA POWER).

This species’ habitat figures, with their source.

Temperature

Coldest: the 1st-percentile night over 44 years at the typical cell is -8.3 °C, the absolute minimum -16.5 °C, about 55 frost nights a year (NASA POWER daily minima). Warmest: the 99th-percentile day is 28.9 °C. Monthly means: coldest night 0.5 °C in February (across the envelope cells -2.9 °C to 2.4 °C), warmest day 21.9 °C in July (median year across the envelope cells, CHELSA). Cold floor: -8.3 °C, which is the 1st-percentile night over 44 years at the typical cell (NASA POWER).

NASA POWER daily minima and maxima 1981–2024 at the typical cell, without lapse correction; CHELSA monthly means, median year across the envelope cells, CHELSA. The cold floor is the figure named in its sentence. Not a measured survival limit for any plant in a pot.

Humidity

Relative humidity at the habitat: 60 to 68% across the year (monthly means, median year across the envelope cells, CHELSA). A figure about the air, saying nothing about how the plant takes water.

CHELSA relative humidity, median year across the envelope cells.

The figures the cards read from are in Climate below, and where they came from in Natural habitat.

Climate across the habitat

Habitat climate through the yearMean day from 5 °C in Jan to 22 °C in Jul; mean night from 1 °C in Feb to 14 °C in Jul. The cold quarter, Jan to Mar, is the three months around the coldest night. 861 mm of rain a year, most in Oct. The bands show the 10th to 90th percentile across 607 habitat cells. Over 44 years at the typical cell the absolute minimum was -16.5 °C and the 99th-percentile day 28.9 °C; neither is dated to a month. Beneath: daily light integral and relative humidity through the year, each on its own scale.-20°-10°10°20°30°frost28.9° 99th-percentile day (undated)-16.5° lowest night in 44 yrs (undated)°C · day and nightcold quarter0255075100125mm rainDLI 4–34RH 60–68 %JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
day night rain 10th–90th percentile across 607 habitat cells cold quarter: the three months around the coldest night extremes over 44 years at the typical cell, marked at the edge: undated DLI, mol/m²/dayRH %each on its own scale
Figures by month
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Day °C5 / 3–76 / 5–810 / 8–1113 / 11–1517 / 15–2020 / 18–2322 / 20–2622 / 20–2518 / 17–2114 / 13–169 / 8–116 / 3–8
Night °C1 / -4–31 / -3–23 / 0–45 / 4–69 / 7–1012 / 10–1414 / 13–1614 / 13–1611 / 10–138 / 6–104 / 1–61 / -2–3
Rain mm75 / 46–9159 / 39–7568 / 46–8450 / 44–8366 / 55–10272 / 51–10377 / 49–9974 / 54–10275 / 57–10182 / 61–11181 / 58–10382 / 56–105
DLI5 / 5–1010 / 9–1517 / 16–2327 / 26–3133 / 32–3634 / 33–3833 / 32–3828 / 27–3319 / 18–2512 / 11–166 / 6–104 / 4–8
RH %68 / 64–6965 / 61–6663 / 59–6460 / 57–6260 / 58–6260 / 58–6260 / 56–6261 / 57–6263 / 60–6465 / 62–6667 / 65–6968 / 65–70

Each figure is the median across the 607 grid cells holding the 692 in-range records, with the 10th–90th percentile span across those cells after the slash where it differs. Extremes and elevation were read at the typical cell 756:3703 (52.175, 5.175). Over 44 years there: absolute minimum -16.5 °C, 1st-percentile night -8.3 °C, 99th-percentile day 28.9 °C. Normals: CHELSA V2.1 1981–2010 climatology, 0.05° cells (each the mean of ~36 1 km pixels). Envelope: median and 10th–90th percentile of each month across the 607 distinct grid cells holding the 692 in-range records; extremes and elevation at the typical cell 756:3703 (its coldest month's mean night nearest the median across cells); its position is the cell centre. Extremes: NASA POWER (MERRA-2) daily 1981–2024, cell 52.00_5.000, no lapse correction (POWER gave no cell elevation). Elevation: ETOPO 2022, 4 m (cell mean).

Natural habitat

Native range as published by WCVP; the marker is where the records are densest and decides nothing: the climate was read across every in-range record's cell, not at the marker.
Openly licensed records inside the range, framed on where they fall.
NativeDenmark, Great Britain, Sweden, Austria, Belgium, Czechoslovakia, Germany, Hungary, Netherlands, Poland, Switzerland, Corse, France, Sardegna, Spain, Albania, Bulgaria, Greece, Italy, Romania, Sicilia, Turkey-in-Europe, Yugoslavia, Belarus, Krym, Ukraine, Algeria, North Caucasus, Transcaucasus, Iran, Turkey· introduced: Ireland, Portugal, Baltic States, Central European Russia, East European Russia, South European Russia, Canary Is., Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan, Tadzhikistan, Uzbekistan, Ontario, Prince Edward I., Illinois, Connecticut, Indiana, Massachusetts, Michigan, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Rhode I., Vermont, West Virginia, California, Kentucky, Maryland, North Carolina, Virginia
Kew's description“tree” · “temperate”· quoted from WCVP, RBG Kew (CC BY 4.0); not derived here
Map marker51.545, 6.696 · in the densest population, 521 records (74% of those in range)
Evidence usedThe map marker and the climate envelope rest on all 700 georeferenced records inside the native range; the map shows only the 224 openly licensed ones, which alone would put the marker 331 km away. 2 records outside the range (gardens, roadsides, misidentifications) ignored. 8 in-range records are placed to worse than 10 km and stay on the map but off the climate.
The map markerthe map marker: the openly licensed record nearest the middle of the densest 1° population inside the densest 4° block of the 700 in-range records; it decides nothing.

Photographs

Acer campestreAcer campestreAcer campestreAcer campestreAcer campestreAcer campestreAcer campestreAcer campestre

Photographs: no rights reserved · CC0 (3); (c) Wendy Herniman, some rights reserved (CC BY) (3); (c) Daniel Cahen, some rights reserved (CC BY); (c) Mehdi Chetibi, some rights reserved (CC BY).

Photographs: iNaturalist and Wikimedia Commons did not answer when this page was built; what is shown came from the sources that did.

Papers naming this species

Works whose title or abstract names Acer campestre, most cited first, from OpenAlex (CC0). A mention, not a cultivation source: nothing on this page is drawn from them.

An updated checklist of the vascular flora native to Italy
Fabrizio Bartolucci, Lorenzo Peruzzi, Gabriele Galasso, Antonella Albano (2018) · Plant Biosystems - An International Journal Dealing with all Aspects of Plant Biology
Plant and fungal use in Tusheti, Khevsureti, and Pshavi, Sakartvelo (Republic of Georgia), Caucasus
Rainer W. Bussmann, Narel Y. Paniagua-Zambrana, Shalva Sikharulidze, Zaal Kikvidze (2016) · Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae
Improving species distribution models for climate change studies: variable selection and scale
Mike P. Austin, Kimberly P. Van Niel (2010) · Journal of Biogeography
Effectiveness of Green Infrastructure for Improvement of Air Quality in Urban Street Canyons
Thomas A. M. Pugh, A. R. MacKenzie, Duncan Whyatt, C. N. Hewitt (2012) · Environmental Science & Technology
Interpretation manual of European Union habitats.
Carlos Romão (1996) · Archive of European Integration (AEI) (University of Pittsburgh)
Wild plants used for food by Hungarian ethnic groups living in the Carpathian Basin
Andrea Dénes, Nóra Papp, Dániel Babai, Bálint Czúcz (2012) · Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae
Particulate pollution capture by urban trees: effect of species and windspeed
K. Paul Beckett, Peter Freer‐Smith, Gail Taylor (2000) · Global Change Biology
Deposition of Particulate Matter of Different Size Fractions on Leaf Surfaces and in Waxes of Urban Forest Species
K. Dzierżanowski, Robert Popek, H. Gawrońska, Arne Sæbø (2011) · International Journal of Phytoremediation
Mapping an urban ecosystem service: quantifying above‐ground carbon storage at a city‐wide scale
Zoe G. Davies, Jill L. Edmondson, Andreas Heinemeyer, Jonathan R. Leake (2011) · Journal of Applied Ecology

Similar habitat climate the 6 species whose habitat climate is nearest this one's: mean day and night, month by month, and rain on a log scale, in calendar order, so a habitat with the same seasons six months out is far, not near. Nothing else counts: not range, not family.

Other Acer 18 in the reference

History & registers

Where this page came from built 2026-09-20 · dossier v2 · node
gbif.species answeredcarried from build of 2026-09-20 (offline re-derivation; the backbone was not asked)
gbif.synonyms answeredcarried from build of 2026-09-20 (offline re-derivation; the backbone was not asked)
gbif.vernacular answeredcarried from build of 2026-09-20 (offline re-derivation; the backbone was not asked)
wcvp.distribution answered
gbif.occurrences answeredGBIF occurrence search API
climate answered
wikidata answeredcarried from build of 2026-09-20 (rederive); that build: carried from build of 2026-09-20 (rederive); that build: carried from build of 2026-09-19 (rederive); that build: carried from build of 2026-09-19 (rederive)
wikipedia answeredcarried from build of 2026-09-20; this build: skipped
inat.taxon not askedcarried from build of 2026-09-20 (rederive); that build: carried from build of 2026-09-20 (rederive)
inat.photos.wild answeredcarried from build of 2026-09-20; this build: skipped
inat.photos.cultivated nothing to reportcarried from build of 2026-09-20 (rederive); that build: carried from build of 2026-09-20 (rederive); that build: carried from build of 2026-09-19 (rederive); that build: carried from build of 2026-09-19 (rederive)
commons not askedcarried from build of 2026-09-20 (rederive); that build: carried from build of 2026-09-20 (rederive); that build: carried from build of 2026-09-19 (rederive); that build: carried from build of 2026-09-19 (rederive)
gbif.media answeredcarried from build of 2026-09-20; this build: skipped
openalex answeredcarried from build of 2026-09-20; this build: skipped

Every upstream is recorded as having answered, reported nothing, or refused. Only “nothing to report” is ever shown as an absence. Records came from 10 datasets via GBIF.org; each carries its own licence.