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Adenophora pereskiifolia; photograph (c) Dmitriy Bochkov, some rights reserved (CC BY) CC BY(c) Dmitriy Bochkov, some rights reserved (CC BY) · observed growing wild · 2025-09-23

Adenophora pereskiifolia (Fisch. ex Schult.) G.Don

Manchurian ladybell; Serrate ladybell

Campanulaceae · Buryatiya, Chita +10

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Adenophora pereskiifolia, photograph (c) Tatyana Petrenko, some rights reserved (CC BY)Adenophora pereskiifolia, photograph (c) Tatyana Petrenko, some rights reserved (CC BY)Adenophora pereskiifolia, photograph (c) Dmitriy Bochkov, some rights reserved (CC BY)Adenophora pereskiifolia, photograph (c) Dmitrii Mostovoi, some rights reserved (CC BY)Adenophora pereskiifolia, photograph (c) Dmitrii Mostovoi, some rights reserved (CC BY)Adenophora pereskiifolia, photograph (c) Dmitrii Mostovoi, some rights reserved (CC BY) 48 photographs ›
Habitat figures
Cold floor (1 night in 100)
-21.3°C
Record low -29.1 °C in 44 years, at a typical spot in the range NASA POWER
Warmest month, mean daily high
23°C
Aug at the habitat CHELSA
Rain a year (median across the range)
820mm
9 months of 25 mm or more in the median year CHELSA
Open-sky light
13–36DLI
Lowest to highest month (DLI) CHELSA
The year in your months, northern hemisphere
  1. Jan
  2. Feb
  3. Mar
  4. Apr
  5. May
  6. Jun
  7. Jul
  8. Aug
  9. Sep
  10. Oct
  11. Nov
  12. Dec
Wet summers: the rain comes May to September, read as a summer growing season. rain rule, CHELSA
Northern hemisphere unless you set your site. The chart is in the habitat's months.

Cultivation

Seasons

The rain rule reads a summer growing season: 70% of the median year's rain (611 mm of 825 mm) falls in May to September, warmer than the year (wet-season mean 16.6 °C against a yearly mean of 5.9 °C). Months are the habitat's, northern hemisphere; shifted six months for a southern-hemisphere collection: November to March.

Rain

825 mm in the median year at the habitat, 611 mm of it May to September. Wettest month July at 160 mm, driest months (2 at 14 mm). Across the grid cells of the range the year's total runs 593 mm to 1,616 mm, the 10th to 90th percentile of each cell's own year. The median of the cells' own yearly totals, 820 mm, is the year's rain at the top of the page; the 825 mm here is the median year's, the twelve monthly medians added, which the rain rule reads. Habitat calendar, northern hemisphere; median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA.

Light

Open sky over the habitat: 13 to 36 mol/m²/day across the year (daily light integral, median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA; the lowest 10th-percentile month across the cells is 8, the highest 90th-percentile month 37).

Warmth and air
Temperature

Coldest: the 1st-percentile night over 44 years at a typical spot in the range is -21.3 °C, the absolute minimum -29.1 °C, 7,314 frost nights in 44 years, 166.2 a year (NASA POWER daily minima). Warmest: the 99th-percentile day is 27.2 °C. Monthly means: the coldest month's mean nightly low -15.4 °C in January (across the grid cells of the range -27.6 °C to -3.7 °C), the warmest month's mean daily high 23.3 °C in August (median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA). Cold floor: -21.3 °C, which is the 1st-percentile night over 44 years at a typical spot in the range (NASA POWER).

Humidity

Relative humidity at the habitat: 55 to 69% across the year (monthly means, median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA). A figure about the air, saying nothing about how the plant takes water.

How this section is made

Each card states this species' habitat figures with their sources, and what two fixed rules read from them; nothing here says what the plant does, wants or tolerates. The rules · the terms.

Seasons. Read from the median year of CHELSA monthly rainfall and mean temperature across the grid cells of the range: the rain rule takes the smallest set of months carrying 70% of the rain and calls it winter when its mean is more than half a degree below the year's, summer when more than that above, and neither in between; the temperature rule, used only under 120 mm, names the cooler six months when they are at least a degree cooler than the other six. Months are shifted for the other hemisphere only where the temperature curve moves 4 °C or more and the habitat lies 10° or more from the equator. A reading of the curves, not an observation of the plant.

Rain. CHELSA monthly precipitation, median year across the grid cells of the range. The rain that falls where the species is recorded; nothing about how the plant takes water.

Light. CHELSA shortwave radiation at each envelope cell, a daily-mean flux taken to a daily total and converted at 2.07 mol of PAR per MJ. The sky over the habitat, measured; what reaches a plant under a rock, a shrub or a shade cloth is not.

Temperature. NASA POWER daily minima and maxima over 44 years at a typical spot in the range, lapse-corrected +425 m to its elevation; CHELSA monthly means, median year across the grid cells of the range. The cold floor is the 1st-percentile night named in its sentence. Not a measured survival limit for any plant in a pot.

Humidity. CHELSA relative humidity, median year across the grid cells of the range.

Climate across the habitat

Habitat months, northern hemisphere

Habitat climate of Adenophora pereskiifolia through the yearWarmest month August, mean daily high 23 °C; coldest month January, mean nightly low -15.4 °C; 825 mm of rain in the median year (the twelve monthly medians added). Medians across the range, from CHELSA; the extremes at the edge from NASA POWER. Habitat months, northern hemisphere.-40°-30°-20°-10°0°10°20°30°frost27.2° 99th-percentile day, NASA POWER-29.1° lowest night in 44 years, NASA POWER°C · day and nightcold quarter0100200300400mm rainDLI 13–36RH 55–69%JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
day night rain medians and 10th–90th percentile across 201 habitat cells, CHELSA cold quarter: the three months around the coldest month's mean nightly low extremes over 44 years at a typical spot in the range, from NASA POWER, marked at the edge, in no month DLI, mol/m²/dayRH %each on its own scale
Figures by month
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Day °C-7 / -17–2-4 / -11–32 / -3–810 / 5–1415 / 10–1919 / 15–2422 / 19–2623 / 21–2719 / 16–2313 / 6–183 / -5–11-5 / -16–5
Night °C-15 / -28–-4-13 / -24–-2-6 / -15–11 / -3–77 / 4–1213 / 9–1717 / 13–2118 / 13–2313 / 6–195 / -3–13-3 / -15–6-12 / -25–0
Rain mm14 / 9–4514 / 8–5027 / 15–7649 / 32–10080 / 58–131108 / 77–194160 / 111–385149 / 111–332114 / 68–20457 / 34–9333 / 19–6520 / 11–40
DLI15 / 10–1722 / 18–2329 / 27–3034 / 32–3536 / 34–3734 / 32–3729 / 27–3228 / 27–3027 / 23–2821 / 17–2415 / 11–1713 / 8–15
RH %57 / 54–6756 / 53–6255 / 53–5856 / 52–6060 / 55–6565 / 59–7169 / 63–7367 / 63–7061 / 59–6357 / 55–5956 / 53–5956 / 53–66
How this section is made
Each figure is the median across the 201 grid cells on land that hold in-range records (287 records in those cells; 4 more cells hold records but no land by the elevation layer, so those records sit at sea and the cells are left out), with the 10th–90th percentile span across those cells after the slash where it differs. A dash is a month one or more of those cells has no figure for in the grid (a variable CHELSA does not carry there), so no median is taken rather than one over fewer cells. Extremes and elevation were read at a typical spot in the range, cell 1050:6170 (37.475, 128.525). Over 44 years there: absolute minimum -29.1 °C, 1st-percentile night -21.3 °C, 99th-percentile day 27.2 °C. Normals: CHELSA V2.1 1981–2010 climatology, 0.05° cells (each the mean of ~36 1 km pixels). Across the range: median and 10th–90th percentile of each month across the 201 distinct grid cells holding 287 of the 293 in-range records (4 further cells with records at sea, by the elevation layer, left out); extremes and elevation at the typical cell 1050:6170 (its coldest month's mean nightly low nearest the median across cells); its position is the cell centre. Extremes: NASA POWER (MERRA-2) daily 1981–2024, cell 37.50_128.750, lapse-corrected +425 m at 6.5 °C/km. Elevation: ETOPO 2022, 955 m (cell mean).

Natural habitat

Native range as published by WCVP; the marker is where the records are densest and decides nothing: the climate was read across the cells of the in-range records placed well enough to read one, not at the marker.
Openly licensed records inside the range, framed on where they fall.
NativeBuryatiya, Chita, Yakutskiya, Amur, Khabarovsk, Kuril Is., Primorye, Inner Mongolia, Manchuria, Mongolia, Japan, Korea · regions are the level-3 units of the World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, as Kew's World Checklist records ranges, some under historical names such as Yugoslavia or Czechoslovakia (how).
Map marker43.029, 131.89 · in the densest population, 210 records (26% of those in range)
Kew's description“perennial” · “temperate” · quoted from WCVP, RBG Kew (CC BY 4.0); not derived here
Evidence usedThe map marker rests on all 807 georeferenced records inside the native range; the climate across the range on the 287 of them in the land cells it reads, of 293 placed to within 10 km; the map shows only the 592 openly licensed ones, which alone would put the marker 20 km away. 15 records outside the WCVP native range not used. 514 in-range records are placed to worse than 10 km, or with no stated accuracy (admitted only as a person's observation to three decimals), and stay on the map but off the climate.
How this section is made
The map marker: the openly licensed record nearest the middle of the densest 1° population of the 807 in-range records; it decides nothing. Records outside the native range, living specimens and records marked introduced are not used; which records count.

Photographs

Adenophora pereskiifolia, photograph 1did not loadAdenophora pereskiifolia, photograph 2did not loadAdenophora pereskiifolia, photograph 3did not loadAdenophora pereskiifolia, photograph 4did not loadAdenophora pereskiifolia, photograph 5did not loadAdenophora pereskiifolia, photograph 6did not load

Photographs: (c) Tatyana Petrenko, some rights reserved (CC BY) (2); (c) Dmitriy Bochkov, some rights reserved (CC BY); (c) Dmitrii Mostovoi, some rights reserved (CC BY) (3).

Similar habitat climate The 6 nearest by mean daily high, mean nightly low and rain, month by month. How.

Silene banksia Silene banksia Caryophyllaceae Photo: CC BY, Tatyana PetrenkoRanunculus franchetii Ranunculus franchetii Franchet’s buttercup Photo: CC BY, Tatyana PetrenkoAconitum alboviolaceum Aconitum alboviolaceum Whitish-purple monk’shood Photo: CC BY, Dmitriy BochkovAconitum kirinense Aconitum kirinense Northeast Asian monk’shood Photo: CC BY, Elena_SherehoraAngelica cincta Angelica cincta Amur angelica Photo: CC BY, Tatyana PetrenkoCorydalis buschii Corydalis buschii Busch's corydalis Photo: CC BY, Andrew Bazdyrev

Other Adenophora 17 in the reference

Adenophora coelestis Campanulaceae Adenophora divaricata Adenophora divaricata Spreading-branch ladybell Photo: CC BY, Violetta Dzizyurova Adenophora gmelinii Narrow-leaf ladybell Adenophora jasionifolia Campanulaceae Adenophora khasiana Adenophora khasiana Campanulaceae Photo: CC0, DaderotAdenophora liliifolia Adenophora liliifolia Lily-leaf ladybell Photo: CC BY, Oleg KosterinAdenophora morrisonensis Adenophora morrisonensis Yushan ladybell Photo: CC BY, Ben CostamagnaAdenophora nikoensis Adenophora nikoensis Campanulaceae Photo: CC BY, Marco Mussita Adenophora petiolata Campanulaceae Adenophora polyantha Many-flower ladybell Adenophora remotiflora Adenophora remotiflora Scattered ladybell Photo: CC BY, Yoshihiro TokueAdenophora stenanthina Adenophora stenanthina Campanulaceae Photo: CC BY, Urgamal Magsar all 18 ›

Names & registers

Also known as Adenophora communis var. latifolia; Adenophora curvidens; Adenophora ishiyamae; Adenophora kayasanensis; Adenophora koreana and 29 more. (GBIF Backbone)

GBIFPOWOIPNIWFOWikidataiNaturalist

The record

Family
Campanulaceae
Described by
(Fisch. ex Schult.) G.Don
Native to
Buryatiya, Chita, Yakutskiya +9
Wild records
807 in range · 592 open

Every figure here is derived from public data by a stated rule and names its source; nothing about this species is written for its page by a person or by AI, apart from the marked, credited quotations. How →

Where this page came from built 2026-10-21
GBIF species record gbif.species answeredasked 2026-10-21
GBIF synonyms gbif.synonyms answeredasked 2026-10-21
GBIF common names gbif.vernacular answeredasked 2026-10-21names fetched 2026-10-21
WCVP native range wcvp.distribution answeredas of 2026-06-04
GBIF occurrence records gbif.occurrences answeredas of 2026-10-21GBIF occurrence download https://doi.org/10.15468/dl.hbdw64, of 2026-10-21; 13 records within 1 km of a botanic garden, herbarium or zoo left out (11 at a botanic garden or arboretum, 2 at a zoo; Wikidata's list)
Habitat climate climate answeredasked 2026-10-21
Daily extremes (NASA POWER) climate.extremes answeredasked 2026-10-21NASA POWER (MERRA-2) daily 1981–2024, cell 37.50_128.750, lapse-corrected +425 m at 6.5 °C/km
Wikidata wikidata answeredasked 2026-10-21found by its label; its IPNI identifier 139483-1 is Kew's for Adenophora pereskiifolia (Fisch. ex Schult.) G.Don
Wikipedia wikipedia nothing to reportasked 2026-10-21
iNaturalist photographs, wild inat.photos.wild answeredasked 2026-10-22from iNaturalist's open data of 2026-09-27: research-grade observations with an open-licence photograph, the 24 whose photographs iNaturalist received last (the open data holds no votes); filled 2026-10-22
iNaturalist photographs, cultivated inat.photos.cultivated not asked
GBIF media gbif.media answeredasked 2026-10-21
OpenAlex papers openalex not askednot yet asked for this reference; a later fill takes the papers from OpenAlex's snapshot

Every source is recorded as having answered, reported nothing, refused, failed, not been asked, or answered twice where one answer is taken (“not taken: two items answered”), and, for a source asked when this page was built, when: the figures are as the source held them that day; a source read from a file (Kew's World Checklist, a GBIF download) says "as of" the file's day instead; a row carried from an earlier build of the page names that build instead. Only “nothing to report” is ever shown as an absence. Records came from 47 datasets via GBIF.org; each carries its own licence.

Cultifolio

Opening your plants…