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Aechmea wittmackiana; photograph Paula Romano, CC0, iNaturalist via GBIF CC0Paula Romano, CC0, iNaturalist via GBIF

Aechmea wittmackiana (Regel) Mez

Bromeliaceae · Brazil Southeast · listed by its genus as an epiphyte

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Aechmea wittmackiana, photograph Gilmar R. Ferreira, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia CommonsAechmea wittmackiana, photograph Gilmar R. Ferreira, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia CommonsAechmea wittmackiana, photograph Gilmar R. Ferreira, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia CommonsAechmea wittmackiana, photograph Gilmar R. Ferreira, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia CommonsAechmea wittmackiana, photograph Gilmar R. Ferreira, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia CommonsAechmea wittmackiana, photograph Gilmar R. Ferreira, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons 10 photographs ›
Habitat figuresfrom few records
Coldest month, mean nightly low
16.9°C
Jul at the habitat, not a floor; extremes not used (sea cell) CHELSA
Warmest month, mean daily high
27°C
Jan and Feb at the habitat CHELSA
Rain a year (median across the range)
1,980mm
12 months of 25 mm or more in the median year CHELSA
Open-sky light
19–37DLI
Lowest to highest month (DLI) CHELSA
The year in your months, northern hemisphere
  1. Jan
  2. Feb
  3. Mar
  4. Apr
  5. May
  6. Jun
  7. Jul
  8. Aug
  9. Sep
  10. Oct
  11. Nov
  12. Dec
Wet summers: the rain comes April to October (October to April at the habitat), read as a summer growing season. rain rule, CHELSA
Northern hemisphere unless you set your site. The chart is in the habitat's months.

From few records: 3 records in 3 grid cells. The records.

Summary

Aechmea wittmackiana is a plant species in the genus Aechmea. This species is endemic to the State of São Paulo in Brazil.

Quoted from Wikipedia, "Aechmea wittmackiana", CC BY-SA 4.0.

About the genus · Aechmea

Aechmea is a genus of flowering plants in the family Bromeliaceae. The name comes from the Greek aichme, meaning "spear". Suggested pronunciations include EEK-me-ə and eek-MEE-ə. More on Wikipedia ›

Quoted from Wikipedia, "Aechmea", CC BY-SA 4.0.

Cultivation

Grouped as an epiphyte, listed under the genus Aechmea in the archetype table, and Kew describes it as “epiphyte”.

Seasons

The rain rule reads a summer growing season: 70% of the median year's rain (1,430 mm of 1,980 mm) falls in October to April, warmer than the year (wet-season mean 23.8 °C against a yearly mean of 22.2 °C). Months are the habitat's, southern hemisphere; shifted six months for a northern-hemisphere collection: April to October.

Rain

1,980 mm in the median year at the habitat, 1,430 mm of it October to April. Wettest month January at 271 mm, driest month August at 79 mm. Across the grid cells of the range the year's total runs 1,910 mm to 2,568 mm, the 10th to 90th percentile of each cell's own year. The median of the cells' own yearly totals, 1,980 mm, is the year's rain at the top of the page; the 1,980 mm here is the median year's, the twelve monthly medians added, which the rain rule reads. Habitat calendar, southern hemisphere; median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA.

Light

Open sky over the habitat: 19 to 37 mol/m²/day across the year (daily light integral, median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA; the lowest 10th-percentile month across the cells is 19, the highest 90th-percentile month 38).

Warmth and air
Temperature

Monthly means: the coldest month's mean nightly low 16.9 °C in July (across the grid cells of the range 13.5 °C to 17.2 °C), the warmest month's mean daily high 27.1 °C in February (median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA). Cold floor: none read. The nearest figure is 16.9 °C, the coldest month's mean nightly low, July, in the median year (CHELSA); a month's mean of its nightly lows is warmer than the nights a floor is read from. The daily extremes were read at a weather cell that is mostly sea and are not used.

Humidity

Relative humidity at the habitat: 64 to 67% across the year (monthly means, median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA). A figure about the air, saying nothing about how the plant takes water.

How this section is made

Each card states this species' habitat figures with their sources, and what two fixed rules read from them; nothing here says what the plant does, wants or tolerates. The rules · the terms.

Seasons. Read from the median year of CHELSA monthly rainfall and mean temperature across the grid cells of the range: the rain rule takes the smallest set of months carrying 70% of the rain and calls it winter when its mean is more than half a degree below the year's, summer when more than that above, and neither in between; the temperature rule, used only under 120 mm, names the cooler six months when they are at least a degree cooler than the other six. Months are shifted for the other hemisphere only where the temperature curve moves 4 °C or more and the habitat lies 10° or more from the equator. A reading of the curves, not an observation of the plant.

Rain. CHELSA monthly precipitation, median year across the grid cells of the range. The rain that falls where the species is recorded; nothing about how the plant takes water.

Light. CHELSA shortwave radiation at each envelope cell, a daily-mean flux taken to a daily total and converted at 2.07 mol of PAR per MJ. The sky over the habitat, measured; what reaches a plant under a rock, a shrub or a shade cloth is not.

Temperature. CHELSA monthly means, median year across the grid cells of the range. No cold floor is read without a daily extremes series; the coldest month's mean nightly low named in its sentence is not one. Not a measured survival limit for any plant in a pot.

Humidity. CHELSA relative humidity, median year across the grid cells of the range.

Group. Listed under the genus Aechmea in the archetype table, and Kew describes it as “epiphyte”. A group is taken only where Kew's description of the species agrees with the table's listing. The table gives no figure and no prose; the cold floor is the habitat's alone.

Climate across the habitat

From few records: this habitat climate is read from 3 records in 3 grid cells; a page says so under 12 records or 5 cells, and shows the figures as read.

Habitat months, southern hemisphere

Habitat climate of Aechmea wittmackiana through the yearWarmest months January and February, mean daily high 27 °C; coldest month July, mean nightly low 16.9 °C; 1,980 mm of rain in the median year (the twelve monthly medians added). Medians across the range, from CHELSA. Habitat months, southern hemisphere.10°15°20°25°30°°C · day and nightcold quarter0100200300400mm rainDLI 19–37RH 64–67%JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
day night rain medians and 10th–90th percentile across 3 habitat cells, CHELSA cold quarter: the three months around the coldest month's mean nightly low DLI, mol/m²/dayRH %each on its own scale
Figures by month
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Day °C27 / 26–2827 / 26–2826 / 25–2725 / 24–2623 / 22–2422 / 21–2322 / 21–2222 / 22–2322 / 22–2323 / 23–2424 / 24–2526 / 25–26
Night °C23 / 20–2423 / 20–2423 / 20–2321 / 18–2219 / 16–2018 / 14–1817 / 14–1717 / 14–1718 / 15–1819 / 17–1921 / 18–2122 / 19–22
Rain mm271 / 264–394227 / 219–306231 / 221–308167 / 161–209129 / 123–14695 / 92–112109 / 104–11979 / 76–88138 / 133–169154 / 149–201156 / 150–215224 / 218–302
DLI37 / 35–3736 / 35–3732 / 31–3227 / 26–2821 / 21–2219 / 19–2020 / 20–2125 / 25–2627 / 26–2832 / 31–3337 / 35–3737 / 36–38
RH %67 / 65–6867 / 65–6867 / 66–6966 / 65–6866 / 65–6664 / 62–6464 / 63–6464 / 63–6566 / 65–6867 / 66–7066 / 65–6867 / 65–69

The daily extremes were read at a NASA POWER cell that is 24% land: neither it nor the next candidates whose coldest month's mean nightly low is within 2 °C of the median across cells sit in a POWER cell that is mostly land, and the rule reads a cold floor only from a cell that is mostly land, so none is read for this species. Nor is the coldest month's mean nightly low taken as one: it is a mean of a month's lows, not its coldest night. What that cell gave over 44 years: absolute minimum 11.4 °C, 1st-percentile night 14.6 °C, 99th-percentile day 30.0 °C.

How this section is made
Each figure is the median across the 3 grid cells holding the 3 in-range records, with the 10th–90th percentile span across those cells after the slash where it differs. A dash is a month one or more of those cells has no figure for in the grid (a variable CHELSA does not carry there), so no median is taken rather than one over fewer cells. Extremes and elevation were read at a typical spot in the range, cell 2275:2688 (-23.775, -45.575). Normals: CHELSA V2.1 1981–2010 climatology, 0.05° cells (each the mean of ~36 1 km pixels). Across the range: median and 10th–90th percentile of each month across the 3 distinct grid cells holding 3 of the 3 in-range records; extremes and elevation at the typical cell 2275:2688 (its coldest month's mean nightly low nearest the median across cells, though its NASA POWER cell is only 24% land and none of the 1 next candidates within 2 °C of the median was mostly land); its position is the cell centre. Extremes: NASA POWER (MERRA-2) daily 1981–2024, cell -24.00_-45.625, lapse-corrected +65 m at 6.5 °C/km. Elevation: ETOPO 2022, 213 m (cell mean).

Natural habitat

Native range as published by WCVP; the marker is where the records are densest and decides nothing: the climate was read across the cells of the in-range records placed well enough to read one, not at the marker.
Openly licensed records inside the range, framed on where they fall.
NativeBrazil Southeast · regions are the level-3 units of the World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, as Kew's World Checklist records ranges, some under historical names such as Yugoslavia or Czechoslovakia (how).
Map marker-23.784, -46.302 · in the densest population, 3 records (100% of those in range)
Kew's description“epiphyte” · “wet tropical” · quoted from WCVP, RBG Kew (CC BY 4.0); not derived here
Evidence usedThe map marker and the climate across the range rest on all 3 georeferenced records inside the native range; the map shows only the 1 openly licensed one, which alone would put the marker 67 km away. Under a dozen records behind the map and the climate.
How this section is made
The map marker: the openly licensed record nearest the middle of the densest 1° population of the 3 in-range records; it decides nothing. Records outside the native range, living specimens and records marked introduced are not used; which records count.

Photographs

Aechmea wittmackiana, photograph 1did not loadAechmea wittmackiana, photograph 2did not loadAechmea wittmackiana, photograph 3did not loadAechmea wittmackiana, photograph 4did not loadAechmea wittmackiana, photograph 5did not loadAechmea wittmackiana, photograph 6did not load

Photographs: Gilmar R. Ferreira, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons (6).

Similar habitat climate The 6 nearest by mean daily high, mean nightly low and rain, month by month. How.

Quesnelia arvensis Quesnelia arvensis Bromeliaceae Photo: CC BY, fmunozStifftia fruticosa Stifftia fruticosa Asteraceae Photo: CC BY, topeunaBegonia erecta Begonia erecta Begoniaceae Photo: CC BY, desertnaturalistNeoregelia johannis Neoregelia johannis Bromeliaceae Photo: CC BY, Bruno Henrique ArandaPhilodendron crassinervium Philodendron crassinervium Araceae Photo: CC BY, fmunozAechmea coelestis Aechmea coelestis Bromeliaceae Photo: CC BY, Victor Farjalla Pontes

Other Aechmea 91 in the reference

Aechmea amicorum Bromeliaceae Aechmea angustifolia Aechmea angustifolia Bromeliaceae Photo: CC BY, Natan GabrielAechmea aquilega Aechmea aquilega Bromeliaceae Photo: CC BY, Jason BergerAechmea bambusoides Aechmea bambusoides Bromeliaceae Photo: CC BY, Fabricio Carvalho da SilvaAechmea blanchetiana Aechmea blanchetiana Orangeade Bromeliad Photo: CC BY, Facundo ChieffoAechmea blumenavii Aechmea blumenavii Bromeliaceae Photo: CC0, author not statedAechmea bracteata Aechmea bracteata Vase bromeliad Photo: CC BY, Diego Maldonado de la TorreAechmea bromeliifolia Aechmea bromeliifolia Bromeliaceae Photo: CC0, author not statedAechmea calyculata Aechmea calyculata Bromeliaceae Photo: CC BY, Fabrício Mil Homens RiellaAechmea candida Aechmea candida White Bromeliad Photo: CC BY, Diogo LuizAechmea capixabae Aechmea capixabae Bromeliaceae Photo: CC BY, Martin Vallejos Aechmea cariocae Bromeliaceae all 92 ›

Names & registers

Also known as Aechmea distichantha var. canaliculata; Aechmea jucunda; Platyaechmea wittmackiana; Quesnelia wittmackiana. (GBIF Backbone)

GBIFPOWOIPNIWFOWikidataWikipedia

The record

Family
Bromeliaceae
Described by
(Regel) Mez
Native to
Brazil Southeast
Wild records
3 in range · 1 open

Every figure here is derived from public data by a stated rule and names its source; nothing about this species is written for its page by a person or by AI, apart from the marked, credited quotations. How →

Where this page came from built 2026-10-21
GBIF species record gbif.species answeredasked 2026-10-21
GBIF synonyms gbif.synonyms answeredasked 2026-10-21
GBIF common names gbif.vernacular answeredasked 2026-10-21names fetched 2026-10-21
WCVP native range wcvp.distribution answeredas of 2026-06-04
GBIF occurrence records gbif.occurrences answeredas of 2026-10-21GBIF occurrence download https://doi.org/10.15468/dl.hbdw64, of 2026-10-21
Habitat climate climate answeredasked 2026-10-21
Daily extremes (NASA POWER) climate.extremes answeredasked 2026-10-21NASA POWER (MERRA-2) daily 1981–2024, cell -24.00_-45.625, lapse-corrected +65 m at 6.5 °C/km; read, and set aside: NASA POWER's cell is mostly sea (24% land), so no cold floor is shown
Wikidata wikidata answeredasked 2026-10-21
Wikipedia wikipedia answeredasked 2026-10-21
iNaturalist taxon inat.taxon not asked
iNaturalist photographs, wild inat.photos.wild not asked
iNaturalist photographs, cultivated inat.photos.cultivated not asked
GBIF media gbif.media answeredasked 2026-10-21
Wikimedia Commons commons answeredasked 2026-10-21
OpenAlex papers openalex not askednot yet asked for this reference; a later fill takes the papers from OpenAlex's snapshot

Every source is recorded as having answered, reported nothing, refused, failed, not been asked, or answered twice where one answer is taken (“not taken: two items answered”), and, for a source asked when this page was built, when: the figures are as the source held them that day; a source read from a file (Kew's World Checklist, a GBIF download) says "as of" the file's day instead; a row carried from an earlier build of the page names that build instead. Only “nothing to report” is ever shown as an absence. Records came from 1 datasets via GBIF.org; each carries its own licence.

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