Species
+

Albizia lebbeck (L.) Benth.

Acacia-tree, Amor platónico, Barba di Jonkuman, Bonara

Climate known 82 photographs
Add one to my plants Sow seed

Every figure on this page is derived from public data by a stated rule and says its source; nothing here is written by a person or a model, except the Wikipedia passage, which is quoted and marked as such. How it is made.

Summary

Albizia lebbeck is a species of plant in the family Fabaceae, native to the Indian subcontinent and Myanmar. It is widely cultivated and naturalised in other tropical and subtropical regions, including Australia. Common names in English include siris, Indian siris, East Indian walnut, Broome raintree, lebbeck, lebbek tree, frywood, koko and woman's tongue tree. The latter name is a play on the sound the seeds make as they rattle inside the pods. More on Wikipedia ›

The opening of Wikipedia, “Albizia lebbeck”, CC BY-SA 4.0, quoted as written. Kept separate from everything derived here.

About the genus · Albizia

Albizia is a genus of more than 160 species of mostly fast-growing subtropical and tropical trees and shrubs in the subfamily Mimosoideae of the family Fabaceae. The genus is pantropical, occurring in Asia, Africa, Madagascar, America and Australia, but mostly in the Old World tropics. In some locations, some species are considered weeds.

Text from Wikipedia, “Albizia”, CC BY-SA 4.0, quoted as written.

Family
Fabaceae
Described by
(L.) Benth.
Native to
Assam, Bangladesh, East Himalaya +7
Wild records
321 in range· 267 open

At a glance

Warmest month
34°C
Apr, mean day; nights 24 °C (CHELSA)
Rain
1352mm/yr
8 wet months · peak Jul 310 mm (CHELSA)
Light
28–43DLI
mol/m²/day, winter to summer, open sky (CHELSA shortwave)
In short condensed by rule from the cultivation cards · not written by a person
Rain rule: a rainy season, June to October in the northern hemisphere, at the year's mean temperature, so called neither winter nor summer. Habitat rain 1352 mm a year, wettest July at 310 mm, driest January at 12 mm (habitat calendar, northern hemisphere). Open sky over the habitat: 28 to 43 mol/m²/day. Cold floor 11.6 °C (1st-percentile habitat night, NASA POWER).
Each sentence is one card's own one-line form, written by the same rule as the card (Its year, Rain, Light, Temperature); the note cannot say what a card does not. Months are given for the northern hemisphere (set your site in Settings to change this), and the habitat's own alongside. The cards · the figures.

Also known as Acacia lebbeck (L.) Willd.; Acacia lebbek (L.) Willd.; Acacia seeressa Roxb.; Acacia seeressa Roxb. ex Steud.; Acacia sirissa (Roxb.) Buch.-Ham. ex Voigt, 1845 and 24 more.

Cultivation

Its year Rain rule: a rainy season, June to October in the northern hemisphere, at the year's mean temperature, so called neither winter nor summer.

This species’ habitat figures, and what two fixed rules read from them.

The rain rule reads a rainy season with no name: 70% of the year's rain (1113 mm of 1352 mm) falls in June to October, whose mean temperature, 26.6 °C, is within half a degree of the year's, 26.2 °C, so it is neither the cooler nor the warmer part of the year. Months are the habitat's, northern hemisphere; shifted six months for a southern-hemisphere collection: December to April.

Read from the median year of CHELSA monthly rainfall and mean temperature across the envelope cells: the rain rule takes the smallest set of months carrying 70% of the rain and calls it winter when its mean is more than half a degree below the year's, summer when more than that above, and neither in between; the temperature rule, used only under 120 mm, names the cooler six months when they are at least a degree cooler than the other six. Months are shifted for the other hemisphere only where the temperature curve gives a season to reverse. A reading of the curves, not an observation of the plant.

Rain Habitat rain 1352 mm a year, wettest July at 310 mm, driest January at 12 mm (habitat calendar, northern hemisphere).

This species’ habitat figures, with their source.

1352 mm a year at the habitat, 1113 mm of it June to October. Wettest month July at 310 mm, driest January at 12 mm. Across the envelope cells the year's total runs 747 mm to 3018 mm (10th to 90th percentile of each cell's own year) (median year across the envelope cells, CHELSA; habitat calendar, northern hemisphere).

CHELSA monthly precipitation, median year across the envelope cells. The rain that falls where the species is recorded; nothing about how the plant takes water.

Light Open sky over the habitat: 28 to 43 mol/m²/day.

This species’ habitat figures, with their source.

Open sky over the habitat: 28 to 43 mol/m²/day across the year (daily light integral, median year across the envelope cells, CHELSA; the lowest 10th-percentile month across the cells is 23, the highest 90th-percentile month 47).

CHELSA shortwave radiation at each envelope cell, a daily-mean flux taken to a daily total and converted at 2.07 mol of PAR per MJ. The sky over the habitat, measured; what reaches a plant under a rock, a shrub or a shade cloth is not.

Warmth and air Cold floor 11.6 °C (1st-percentile habitat night, NASA POWER).

This species’ habitat figures, with their source.

Temperature

Coldest: the 1st-percentile night over 44 years at the typical cell is 11.6 °C, the absolute minimum 7.1 °C, no frost in 44 years (NASA POWER daily minima). Warmest: the 99th-percentile day is 44.1 °C. Monthly means: coldest night 17.5 °C in January (across the envelope cells 10.3 °C to 23.4 °C), warmest day 34.1 °C in April (median year across the envelope cells, CHELSA). Cold floor: 11.6 °C, which is the 1st-percentile night over 44 years at the typical cell (NASA POWER).

NASA POWER daily minima and maxima 1981–2024 at the typical cell, lapse-corrected to its elevation; CHELSA monthly means, median year across the envelope cells, CHELSA. The cold floor is the figure named in its sentence. Not a measured survival limit for any plant in a pot.

Humidity

Relative humidity at the habitat: 52 to 67% across the year (monthly means, median year across the envelope cells, CHELSA). A figure about the air, saying nothing about how the plant takes water.

CHELSA relative humidity, median year across the envelope cells.

The figures the cards read from are in Climate below, and where they came from in Natural habitat.

Climate across the habitat

Habitat climate through the yearMean day from 28 °C in Dec to 34 °C in Apr; mean night from 18 °C in Jan to 25 °C in May. The cold quarter, Dec to Feb, is the three months around the coldest night. 1352 mm of rain a year, most in Jul. The bands show the 10th to 90th percentile across 223 habitat cells. Over 44 years at the typical cell the absolute minimum was 7.1 °C and the 99th-percentile day 44.1 °C; neither is dated to a month. Beneath: daily light integral and relative humidity through the year, each on its own scale.10°20°30°40°50°44.1° 99th-percentile day (undated)7.1° lowest night in 44 yrs (undated)°C · day and nightcold quarter0200400600800mm rainDLI 28–43RH 52–67 %JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
day night rain 10th–90th percentile across 223 habitat cells cold quarter: the three months around the coldest night extremes over 44 years at the typical cell, marked at the edge: undated DLI, mol/m²/dayRH %each on its own scale
Figures by month
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Day °C28 / 23–3231 / 27–3333 / 30–3534 / 31–3834 / 30–4031 / 28–3729 / 27–3328 / 27–3229 / 27–3329 / 28–3229 / 27–3028 / 24–30
Night °C18 / 10–2319 / 13–2422 / 17–2524 / 21–2625 / 22–2825 / 22–2824 / 21–2724 / 21–2624 / 21–2622 / 19–2520 / 15–2418 / 12–23
Rain mm12 / 2–2813 / 1–3020 / 3–6042 / 4–15380 / 10–268172 / 55–705310 / 80–595253 / 101–472203 / 106–324175 / 27–35756 / 9–23116 / 5–84
DLI34 / 28–3739 / 34–4142 / 40–4443 / 38–4741 / 33–4732 / 26–3828 / 24–3328 / 23–3331 / 28–3532 / 30–3430 / 27–3231 / 27–34
RH %56 / 49–6153 / 46–6052 / 42–6156 / 40–6459 / 43–6664 / 52–7066 / 58–7167 / 59–7165 / 59–6963 / 51–6861 / 48–6657 / 49–62

Each figure is the median across the 223 grid cells holding the 319 in-range records, with the 10th–90th percentile span across those cells after the slash where it differs. Extremes and elevation were read at the typical cell 1376:5056 (21.175, 72.825). Over 44 years there: absolute minimum 7.1 °C, 1st-percentile night 11.6 °C, 99th-percentile day 44.1 °C. Normals: CHELSA V2.1 1981–2010 climatology, 0.05° cells (each the mean of ~36 1 km pixels). Envelope: median and 10th–90th percentile of each month across the 223 distinct grid cells holding the 319 in-range records; extremes and elevation at the typical cell 1376:5056 (its coldest month's mean night nearest the median across cells); its position is the cell centre. Extremes: NASA POWER (MERRA-2) daily 1981–2024, cell 21.00_73.125, lapse-corrected -49 m at 6.5 °C/km. Elevation: ETOPO 2022, 10 m (cell mean).

Natural habitat

Native range as published by WCVP; the marker is where the records are densest and decides nothing: the climate was read across every in-range record's cell, not at the marker.
Openly licensed records inside the range, framed on where they fall.
NativeAssam, Bangladesh, East Himalaya, India, Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, West Himalaya, Andaman Is., Myanmar· introduced: Egypt, Benin, Burkina, Gambia, The, Ghana, Guinea-Bissau, Guinea, Ivory Coast, Liberia, Mali, Nigeria, Niger, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Togo, Central African Republic, Cameroon, Congo, Gabon, Gulf of Guinea Is., Zaïre, Chad, Djibouti, Ethiopia, Somalia, Sudan, Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda, Angola, Malawi, Mozambique, Zambia, Zimbabwe, KwaZulu-Natal, Northern Provinces, Chagos Archipelago, Comoros, Mauritius, Madagascar, Réunion, Rodrigues, Seychelles, Afghanistan, Iran, Iraq, Gulf States, Oman, Saudi Arabia, Yemen, Hainan, China Southeast, Taiwan, Cambodia, Thailand, Vietnam, Borneo, Jawa, Lesser Sunda Is., Malaya, Philippines, Sulawesi, Sumatera, New Guinea, Northern Territory, Queensland, Western Australia, Fiji, New Caledonia, Tonga, Vanuatu, Cook Is., Marquesas, Society Is., Tuamotu, Tubuai Is., Caroline Is., Marianas, Marshall Is., Hawaii, California, Texas, Florida, Mexico Central, Mexico Northeast, Mexico Gulf, Mexico Northwest, Mexico Southwest, Mexico Southeast, Belize, El Salvador, Guatemala, Nicaragua, Panama, Aruba, Bahamas, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Haiti, Jamaica, Leeward Is. AB Ant, Netherlands Antilles, Puerto Rico, Trinidad-Tobago, Venezuelan Antilles, Windward Is., French Guiana, Guyana, Surinam, Venezuela, Colombia, Peru
Kew's description“tree” · “seasonally dry tropical”· quoted from WCVP, RBG Kew (CC BY 4.0); not derived here
Map marker10.082, 76.383 · in the densest population, 126 records (39% of those in range)
Evidence usedThe map marker and the climate envelope rest on all 321 georeferenced records inside the native range; the map shows only the 267 openly licensed ones, which alone would put the marker 1 km away. 903 records outside the range (gardens, roadsides, misidentifications) ignored. 2 in-range records are placed to worse than 10 km and stay on the map but off the climate.
The map markerthe map marker: the openly licensed record nearest the middle of the densest 1° population of the 321 in-range records; it decides nothing.

Photographs

Albizia lebbeckAlbizia lebbeckAlbizia lebbeckAlbizia lebbeckAlbizia lebbeckAlbizia lebbeckAlbizia lebbeckAlbizia lebbeck

Photographs: (c) Dinesh Valke, some rights reserved (CC BY-SA) (8).

Photographs: iNaturalist and Wikimedia Commons did not answer when this page was built; what is shown came from the sources that did.

Papers naming this species

Works whose title or abstract names Albizia lebbeck, most cited first, from OpenAlex (CC0). A mention, not a cultivation source: nothing on this page is drawn from them.

Trees and shrubs as invasive alien species – a global review
David M. Richardson, Marcel Rejmánek (2011) · Diversity and Distributions
Detail review on chemical, physical and green synthesis, classification, characterizations and applications of nanoparticles
Irfan Ijaz, Ezaz Gilani, Ammara Nazir, Aysha Bukhari (2020) · Green Chemistry Letters and Reviews
A review on green synthesis of silver nanoparticles and their applications
Muhammad Rafique, Muhammad Rafique, Iqra Sadaf, M. Shahid Rafique (2016) · Artificial Cells Nanomedicine and Biotechnology
Environmentally-related contaminants of high concern: Potential sources and analytical modalities for detection, quantification, and treatment
Tahir Rasheed, Muhammad Bilal, Faran Nabeel, Muhammad Adeel (2018) · Environment International
Soil Degradation in India: Challenges and Potential Solutions
Ranjan Bhattacharyya, B.N. Ghosh, P. K. Mishra, Biswapati Mandal (2015) · Sustainability
Recent Advances in Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) for Cancer Diagnosis, Target Drug Delivery, and Treatment
Sumaira Anjum, Mariam Hashim, Sara Asad Malik, Maha Khan (2021) · Cancers
Phytoremediation of Sodic and Saline‐Sodic Soils
Manzoor Qadir, J. D. Oster, Sven Schubert, Andrew Noble (2007) · Advances in agronomy
Preparation and Characterization of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Using Leaf Extract of Sambucus ebulus
Sanaz Alamdari, Morteza Sasani Ghamsari, Chan Lee, Wooje Han (2020) · Applied Sciences
Medicinal plants in India
Anita Narang (2019) · International Journal of Advanced Multidisciplinary Research
Roles of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi on Plant Growth and Performance: Importance in Biotic and Abiotic Stressed Regulation
Nathalie Diagne, Mariama Ngom, Pape Ibrahima Djighaly, Dioumacor Fall (2020) · Diversity

Similar habitat climate the 6 species whose habitat climate is nearest this one's: mean day and night, month by month, and rain on a log scale, in calendar order, so a habitat with the same seasons six months out is far, not near. Nothing else counts: not range, not family.

Other Albizia 1 in the reference

History & registers

Where this page came from built 2026-09-20 · dossier v2 · node
gbif.species answeredcarried from build of 2026-09-20 (offline re-derivation; the backbone was not asked)
gbif.synonyms answeredcarried from build of 2026-09-20 (offline re-derivation; the backbone was not asked)
gbif.vernacular answeredcarried from build of 2026-09-20 (offline re-derivation; the backbone was not asked)
wcvp.distribution answered
gbif.occurrences answeredGBIF occurrence download https://doi.org/10.15468/dl.3h4zam
climate answered
wikidata answeredcarried from build of 2026-09-20 (rederive); that build: carried from build of 2026-09-19 (rederive); that build: carried from build of 2026-09-19 (rederive)
wikipedia answeredcarried from build of 2026-09-20; this build: skipped
inat.taxon not askedcarried from build of 2026-09-20 (rederive)
inat.photos.wild answeredcarried from build of 2026-09-20; this build: skipped
inat.photos.cultivated nothing to reportcarried from build of 2026-09-20 (rederive); that build: carried from build of 2026-09-19 (rederive); that build: carried from build of 2026-09-19 (rederive)
commons not askedcarried from build of 2026-09-20 (rederive); that build: carried from build of 2026-09-19 (rederive); that build: carried from build of 2026-09-19 (rederive)
gbif.media answered
openalex answeredcarried from build of 2026-09-20; this build: skipped

Every upstream is recorded as having answered, reported nothing, or refused. Only “nothing to report” is ever shown as an absence. Records came from 192 datasets via GBIF.org; each carries its own licence.