Amaryllis belladonna L.
Belladonna Lily, Easter-lily, Jersey Lily, Jersey-lily
Every figure on this page is derived from public data by a stated rule and says its source; nothing here is written by a person or a model, except the Wikipedia passage, which is quoted and marked as such. How it is made.
Summary
Amaryllis belladonna, the Jersey lily, belladonna-lily, naked-lady-lily, or March lily, is a plant species native to Cape Province in South Africa but widely cultivated as an ornamental. It is reportedly naturalized in many places: Corsica, Portugal, the Azores, Madeira, the Canary Islands, the Scilly Isles of Great Britain, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Ascension Island, Australia, New Zealand, Mexico, Cuba, Haiti, the Dominican Republic, Chile, California, Texas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Michigan, Indiana and the Juan Fernández Islands.
Text from Wikipedia, “Amaryllis belladonna”, CC BY-SA 4.0, quoted as written. Kept separate from everything derived here.
About the genus · Amaryllis
Amaryllis is the only genus in the subtribe Amaryllidinae. It is a small genus of flowering bulbs, with two species. The better known of the two, Amaryllis belladonna, is a native of the Western Cape region of South Africa, particularly the rocky southwest area between the Olifants River Valley and Knysna.
Text from Wikipedia, “Amaryllis”, CC BY-SA 4.0, quoted as written.
At a glance
Also known as Amaryllis belladonna subsp. baptisa-alba J.R.Duncan & V.C.Davies; Amaryllis belladonna subsp. baptisa-multiflora J.R.Duncan & V.C.Davies; Amaryllis belladonna subsp. baptisa-rosea J.R.Duncan & V.C.Davies; Amaryllis belladonna subsp. blanda Tubergen; Amaryllis belladonna subsp. rosea-perfecta Tubergen and 40 more.
Cultivation
Grouped as a bulb, tuber or caudex by Amaryllidaceae, which is usually but not always one kind of plant (archetype table). The table holds no figure for this group, which spans too much for one minimum; the cold floor is the habitat's alone, and no prose comes from the table.
Its year Rain rule: a winter growing season, October to March in the northern hemisphere (April to September at the habitat, southern).
This species’ habitat figures, and what two fixed rules read from them.
The rain rule reads a winter growing season: 70% of the year's rain (561 mm of 757 mm) falls in April to September, cooler than the year (wet-season mean 14.0 °C against a yearly mean of 16.4 °C). Months are the habitat's, southern hemisphere; shifted six months for a northern-hemisphere collection: October to March.
Read from the median year of CHELSA monthly rainfall and mean temperature across the envelope cells: the rain rule takes the smallest set of months carrying 70% of the rain and calls it winter when its mean is more than half a degree below the year's, summer when more than that above, and neither in between; the temperature rule, used only under 120 mm, names the cooler six months when they are at least a degree cooler than the other six. Months are shifted for the other hemisphere only where the temperature curve gives a season to reverse. A reading of the curves, not an observation of the plant.
Rain Habitat rain 757 mm a year, wettest July at 124 mm, driest February at 26 mm (habitat calendar, southern hemisphere).
This species’ habitat figures, with their source.
757 mm a year at the habitat, 561 mm of it April to September. Wettest month July at 124 mm, driest February at 26 mm. Across the envelope cells the year's total runs 450 mm to 2018 mm (10th to 90th percentile of each cell's own year) (median year across the envelope cells, CHELSA; habitat calendar, southern hemisphere).
CHELSA monthly precipitation, median year across the envelope cells. The rain that falls where the species is recorded; nothing about how the plant takes water.
Light Open sky over the habitat: 16 to 52 mol/m²/day.
This species’ habitat figures, with their source.
Open sky over the habitat: 16 to 52 mol/m²/day across the year (daily light integral, median year across the envelope cells, CHELSA; the lowest 10th-percentile month across the cells is 15, the highest 90th-percentile month 54).
CHELSA shortwave radiation at each envelope cell, a daily-mean flux taken to a daily total and converted at 2.07 mol of PAR per MJ. The sky over the habitat, measured; what reaches a plant under a rock, a shrub or a shade cloth is not.
Warmth and air Cold floor 5.7 °C (1st-percentile habitat night, NASA POWER).
This species’ habitat figures, with their source.
Coldest: the 1st-percentile night over 44 years at the typical cell is 5.7 °C, the absolute minimum 3.3 °C, no frost in 44 years (NASA POWER daily minima). Warmest: the 99th-percentile day is 34.9 °C. Monthly means: coldest night 8.8 °C in July (across the envelope cells 5.5 °C to 11.6 °C), warmest day 24.7 °C in February (median year across the envelope cells, CHELSA). Cold floor: 5.7 °C, which is the 1st-percentile night over 44 years at the typical cell (NASA POWER).
NASA POWER daily minima and maxima 1981–2024 at the typical cell, lapse-corrected to its elevation; CHELSA monthly means, median year across the envelope cells, CHELSA. The cold floor is the figure named in its sentence. Not a measured survival limit for any plant in a pot.
Relative humidity at the habitat: 59 to 61% across the year (monthly means, median year across the envelope cells, CHELSA). A figure about the air, saying nothing about how the plant takes water.
CHELSA relative humidity, median year across the envelope cells.
The figures the cards read from are in Climate below, and where they came from in Natural habitat.
Climate across the habitat
Figures by month
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Day °C | 24 / 20–29 | 25 / 20–30 | 24 / 19–28 | 21 / 18–24 | 19 / 17–20 | 17 / 15–18 | 16 / 14–17 | 16 / 15–18 | 18 / 15–20 | 20 / 16–23 | 21 / 18–25 | 23 / 19–28 |
| Night °C | 17 / 15–18 | 17 / 16–18 | 16 / 15–17 | 14 / 12–15 | 12 / 10–14 | 10 / 6–12 | 9 / 6–12 | 9 / 6–12 | 10 / 8–12 | 12 / 10–14 | 14 / 12–15 | 16 / 14–17 |
| Rain mm | 27 / 17–69 | 26 / 13–56 | 32 / 23–78 | 68 / 44–146 | 89 / 43–260 | 115 / 41–325 | 124 / 46–324 | 97 / 49–270 | 68 / 33–198 | 46 / 30–132 | 36 / 23–100 | 29 / 21–88 |
| DLI | 52 / 47–54 | 46 / 41–48 | 37 / 33–39 | 27 / 25–28 | 19 / 18–20 | 16 / 15–17 | 17 / 16–19 | 23 / 21–24 | 31 / 30–32 | 41 / 37–42 | 48 / 44–50 | 52 / 47–53 |
| RH % | 59 / 53–64 | 60 / 53–64 | 61 / 54–64 | 61 / 55–63 | 61 / 57–62 | 60 / 56–61 | 59 / 56–61 | 61 / 58–62 | 61 / 59–62 | 60 / 56–62 | 59 / 54–63 | 59 / 53–63 |
Each figure is the median across the 128 grid cells holding the 262 in-range records, with the 10th–90th percentile span across those cells after the slash where it differs. Extremes and elevation were read at the typical cell 2492:3996 (-34.625, 19.825). Over 44 years there: absolute minimum 3.3 °C, 1st-percentile night 5.7 °C, 99th-percentile day 34.9 °C. Normals: CHELSA V2.1 1981–2010 climatology, 0.05° cells (each the mean of ~36 1 km pixels). Envelope: median and 10th–90th percentile of each month across the 128 distinct grid cells holding the 262 in-range records; extremes and elevation at the typical cell 2492:3996 (its coldest month's mean night nearest the median across cells); its position is the cell centre. Extremes: NASA POWER (MERRA-2) daily 1981–2024, cell -34.50_20.000, lapse-corrected -103 m at 6.5 °C/km. Elevation: ETOPO 2022, 30 m (cell mean).
Natural habitat
Photographs
Photographs: (c) Jacek Pietruszewski, some rights reserved (CC BY) (5); (c) Jacqui Geux, some rights reserved (CC BY) (3).
Photographs: iNaturalist and Wikimedia Commons did not answer when this page was built; what is shown came from the sources that did.
Papers naming this species
Works whose title or abstract names Amaryllis belladonna, most cited first, from OpenAlex (CC0). A mention, not a cultivation source: nothing on this page is drawn from them.
Related
Similar habitat climate the 6 species whose habitat climate is nearest this one's: mean day and night, month by month, and rain on a log scale, in calendar order, so a habitat with the same seasons six months out is far, not near. Nothing else counts: not range, not family.
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Trachyandra hirsutiflora Roughhair Capespinach
Lachenalia reflexa Golden Soldiers
Chasmanthe floribunda African Cornflag
Trachyandra brachypoda Short CapespinachHistory & registers
Where this page came from built 2026-09-20 · dossier v2 · node
gbif.species answeredcarried from build of 2026-09-20 (offline re-derivation; the backbone was not asked)gbif.synonyms answeredcarried from build of 2026-09-20 (offline re-derivation; the backbone was not asked)gbif.vernacular answeredcarried from build of 2026-09-20 (offline re-derivation; the backbone was not asked)wcvp.distribution answeredgbif.occurrences answeredGBIF occurrence download https://doi.org/10.15468/dl.3h4zamclimate answeredwikidata answeredcarried from build of 2026-09-20 (rederive); that build: carried from build of 2026-09-19 (rederive); that build: carried from build of 2026-09-19 (rederive)wikipedia answeredcarried from build of 2026-09-20; this build: skippedinat.taxon not askedcarried from build of 2026-09-20 (rederive)inat.photos.wild answeredcarried from build of 2026-09-20; this build: skippedinat.photos.cultivated nothing to reportcarried from build of 2026-09-20 (rederive); that build: carried from build of 2026-09-19 (rederive); that build: carried from build of 2026-09-19 (rederive)commons not askedcarried from build of 2026-09-20 (rederive); that build: carried from build of 2026-09-19 (rederive); that build: carried from build of 2026-09-19 (rederive)gbif.media answeredopenalex answeredcarried from build of 2026-09-20; this build: skippedEvery upstream is recorded as having answered, reported nothing, or refused. Only “nothing to report” is ever shown as an absence. Records came from 43 datasets via GBIF.org; each carries its own licence.