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Andea velutina; photograph Nicolás Baresch Uribe, CC BY, iNaturalist via GBIF CC BYNicolás Baresch Uribe, CC BY, iNaturalist via GBIF

Andea velutina (Meisn.) van der Werff

Lauraceae · Venezuela, Colombia +1

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Andea velutina, photograph Nicolás Baresch Uribe, CC BY, iNaturalist via GBIFAndea velutina, photograph Nicolás Baresch Uribe, CC BY, iNaturalist via GBIFAndea velutina, photograph Nicolás Baresch Uribe, CC BY, iNaturalist via GBIFAndea velutina, photograph Nicolás Baresch Uribe, CC BY, iNaturalist via GBIFAndea velutina, photograph Nicolás Baresch Uribe, CC BY, iNaturalist via GBIFAndea velutina, photograph Carlos Torrente, CC BY, iNaturalist via GBIF 24 photographs ›
Habitat figures
Cold floor (1 night in 100)
3.0°C
Record low -0.3 °C in 44 years, at a typical spot in the range NASA POWER
Warmest month, mean daily high
17°C
Feb, Mar and Sep at the habitat CHELSA
Rain a year (median across the range)
1,971mm
12 months of 25 mm or more in the median year CHELSA
Open-sky light
25–32DLI
Lowest to highest month (DLI) CHELSA
The year in the habitat's months, not shifted
  1. Jan
  2. Feb
  3. Mar
  4. Apr
  5. May
  6. Jun
  7. Jul
  8. Aug
  9. Sep
  10. Oct
  11. Nov
  12. Dec
A sharp rainy season, March to June and September to November (the habitat's months, not shifted), in a year of even temperature. rain rule, CHELSA
Not shifted: the shift rule does not apply to this habitat. The chart is in the habitat's months.

Cultivation

Seasons

The rain rule reads a sharp season: 70% of the median year's rain (1,378 mm of 1,944 mm) falls in March to June and September to November. The temperature curve is flat, 0.9 °C between the warmest and coldest month, so the growing-season rule does not infer a growing season from it. Months are the habitat's, northern hemisphere. The habitat lies within 10° of the equator, where the shift rule does not apply, so they are not shifted for a collection elsewhere.

Rain

1,944 mm in the median year at the habitat, 1,378 mm of it March to June and September to November. Wettest month October at 239 mm, driest month January at 82 mm. Across the grid cells of the range the year's total runs 1,580 mm to 2,747 mm, the 10th to 90th percentile of each cell's own year. The median of the cells' own yearly totals, 1,971 mm, is the year's rain at the top of the page; the 1,944 mm here is the median year's, the twelve monthly medians added, which the rain rule reads. Habitat calendar, northern hemisphere; median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA.

Light

Open sky over the habitat: 25 to 32 mol/m²/day across the year (daily light integral, median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA; the lowest 10th-percentile month across the cells is 22, the highest 90th-percentile month 36).

Warmth and air
Temperature

Coldest: the 1st-percentile night over 44 years at a typical spot in the range is 3.0 °C, the absolute minimum -0.3 °C, 1 frost night in 44 years (NASA POWER daily minima). Warmest: the 99th-percentile day is 17.9 °C. Monthly means: the coldest month's mean nightly low 7.3 °C in January and September (across the grid cells of the range 5.9 °C to 10.0 °C), the warmest month's mean daily high 16.9 °C in March (median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA). Cold floor: 3.0 °C, which is the 1st-percentile night over 44 years at a typical spot in the range (NASA POWER).

Humidity

Relative humidity at the habitat: 64 to 69% across the year (monthly means, median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA). A figure about the air, saying nothing about how the plant takes water.

How this section is made

Each card states this species' habitat figures with their sources, and what two fixed rules read from them; nothing here says what the plant does, wants or tolerates. The rules · the terms.

Seasons. Read from the median year of CHELSA monthly rainfall and mean temperature across the grid cells of the range: the rain rule takes the smallest set of months carrying 70% of the rain and calls it winter when its mean is more than half a degree below the year's, summer when more than that above, and neither in between; the temperature rule, used only under 120 mm, names the cooler six months when they are at least a degree cooler than the other six. Months are shifted for the other hemisphere only where the temperature curve moves 4 °C or more and the habitat lies 10° or more from the equator. A reading of the curves, not an observation of the plant.

Rain. CHELSA monthly precipitation, median year across the grid cells of the range. The rain that falls where the species is recorded; nothing about how the plant takes water.

Light. CHELSA shortwave radiation at each envelope cell, a daily-mean flux taken to a daily total and converted at 2.07 mol of PAR per MJ. The sky over the habitat, measured; what reaches a plant under a rock, a shrub or a shade cloth is not.

Temperature. NASA POWER daily minima and maxima over 44 years at a typical spot in the range, lapse-corrected +546 m to its elevation; CHELSA monthly means, median year across the grid cells of the range. The cold floor is the 1st-percentile night named in its sentence. Not a measured survival limit for any plant in a pot.

Humidity. CHELSA relative humidity, median year across the grid cells of the range.

Climate across the habitat

Habitat months, northern hemisphere

Habitat climate of Andea velutina through the yearWarmest months February, March and September, mean daily high 17 °C; coldest months January and September, mean nightly low 7.3 °C; 1,944 mm of rain in the median year (the twelve monthly medians added). Medians across the range, from CHELSA; the extremes at the edge from NASA POWER. Habitat months, northern hemisphere.-5°0°5°10°15°20°frost17.9° 99th-percentile day, NASA POWER-0.3° lowest night in 44 years, NASA POWER°C · day and nightcold quarter0100200300400mm rainDLI 25–32RH 64–69%JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
day night rain medians and 10th–90th percentile across 48 habitat cells, CHELSA cold quarter: the three months around the coldest month's mean nightly low extremes over 44 years at a typical spot in the range, from NASA POWER, marked at the edge, in no month DLI, mol/m²/dayRH %each on its own scale
Figures by month
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Day °C16 / 15–1817 / 15–1817 / 15–1816 / 15–1816 / 14–1816 / 14–1716 / 14–1816 / 14–1817 / 15–1816 / 15–1816 / 15–1816 / 15–18
Night °C7 / 6–108 / 6–108 / 7–119 / 7–118 / 7–118 / 6–108 / 5–108 / 6–107 / 6–108 / 6–108 / 6–108 / 6–10
Rain mm82 / 36–158115 / 61–176169 / 95–242238 / 165–304229 / 181–303146 / 94–260125 / 76–267123 / 80–209148 / 107–216239 / 162–324209 / 130–309121 / 65–215
DLI32 / 29–3432 / 30–3431 / 29–3327 / 24–3025 / 22–2925 / 22–3128 / 25–3230 / 27–3531 / 28–3629 / 26–3328 / 25–3130 / 27–32
RH %66 / 62–7166 / 63–7167 / 64–7269 / 66–7468 / 65–7467 / 63–7466 / 61–7364 / 60–7065 / 61–7067 / 63–7268 / 65–7167 / 63–71
How this section is made
Each figure is the median across the 48 grid cells holding the 99 in-range records, with the 10th–90th percentile span across those cells after the slash where it differs. A dash is a month one or more of those cells has no figure for in the grid (a variable CHELSA does not carry there), so no median is taken rather than one over fewer cells. Extremes and elevation were read at a typical spot in the range, cell 1697:2120 (5.125, -73.975). Over 44 years there: absolute minimum -0.3 °C, 1st-percentile night 3.0 °C, 99th-percentile day 17.9 °C. Normals: CHELSA V2.1 1981–2010 climatology, 0.05° cells (each the mean of ~36 1 km pixels). Across the range: median and 10th–90th percentile of each month across the 48 distinct grid cells holding 99 of the 99 in-range records; extremes and elevation at the typical cell 1697:2120 (its coldest month's mean nightly low nearest the median across cells); its position is the cell centre. Extremes: NASA POWER (MERRA-2) daily 1981–2024, cell 5.00_-73.750, lapse-corrected +546 m at 6.5 °C/km. Elevation: ETOPO 2022, 3022 m (cell mean).

Natural habitat

Native range as published by WCVP; the marker is where the records are densest and decides nothing: the climate was read across the cells of the in-range records placed well enough to read one, not at the marker.
Openly licensed records inside the range, framed on where they fall.
NativeVenezuela, Colombia, Ecuador · regions are the level-3 units of the World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, as Kew's World Checklist records ranges, some under historical names such as Yugoslavia or Czechoslovakia (how).
Map marker4.89, -73.716 · in the densest population, 100 records (62% of those in range)
Kew's description“tree” · “wet tropical” · quoted from WCVP, RBG Kew (CC BY 4.0); not derived here
Evidence usedThe map marker rests on all 162 georeferenced records inside the native range; the climate across the range on the 99 of them placed to within 10 km; the map shows only the 83 openly licensed ones, which alone would put the marker 40 km away. 196 records outside the WCVP native range not used. 63 in-range records are placed to worse than 10 km, or with no stated accuracy (admitted only as a person's observation to three decimals), and stay on the map but off the climate.
Other GBIF keysRecords also from GBIF's key 4176520 (Ocotea calophylla Mez): Kew's file holds it as Ocotea calophylla Mez (illegitimate under Andea velutina (Meisn.) van der Werff); 340 records, from GBIF's search API on the day of the build.Records also from GBIF's key 5685635 (Pleurothyrium velutinum Meisn.): Kew's file holds it as Pleurothyrium velutinum Meisn. (synonym under Andea velutina (Meisn.) van der Werff); 0 records, from GBIF's search API on the day of the build.Records also from GBIF's key 7723345 (Persea velutina (Meisn.) Benth. & Hook.f. ex B.D.Jacks.): Kew's file holds it as Persea velutina (Meisn.) Benth. & Hook.f. ex B.D.Jacks. (synonym under Andea velutina (Meisn.) van der Werff); 0 records, from GBIF's search API on the day of the build.Records also from GBIF's key 10748171 (Ocotea caesariata van der Werff): Kew's file holds it as Ocotea caesariata van der Werff (synonym under Andea velutina (Meisn.) van der Werff); 7 records, from GBIF's search API on the day of the build.Records also from GBIF's key 11352124 (Ocotea caesariata VanDerWerff): Kew's file holds it as Ocotea caesariata van der Werff (synonym under Andea velutina (Meisn.) van der Werff); 2 records, from GBIF's search API on the day of the build.
How this section is made
The map marker: the openly licensed record nearest the middle of the densest 1° population of the 162 in-range records; it decides nothing. Records outside the native range, living specimens and records marked introduced are not used; which records count.

Photographs

Andea velutina, photograph 1did not loadAndea velutina, photograph 2did not loadAndea velutina, photograph 3did not loadAndea velutina, photograph 4did not loadAndea velutina, photograph 5did not loadAndea velutina, photograph 6did not load

Photographs: Nicolás Baresch Uribe, CC BY, iNaturalist via GBIF (5); Carlos Torrente, CC BY, iNaturalist via GBIF.

Similar habitat climate The 6 nearest by mean daily high, mean nightly low and rain, month by month. How.

Begonia ferruginea Begonia ferruginea Begoniaceae Photo: CC BY, GERMAN LEONEL SARMIENTO CRUZAgeratina gracilis Ageratina gracilis Asteraceae Photo: CC0, author not statedClethra fimbriata Clethra fimbriata Clethraceae Photo: CC BY, Eric SchmidtMutisia clematis Mutisia clematis Asteraceae Photo: CC BY, Nicolás Baresch UribeOxalis fendleri Oxalis fendleri Oxalidaceae Photo: CC BY-SA, julianazuluaga-carreroLourteigia ballotifolia Lourteigia ballotifolia Asteraceae Photo: CC BY, Nicolás Baresch Uribe

Names & registers

Also known as Aperiphracta velutina; Ocotea blanchetii; Ocotea brasiliensis; Ocotea jacobinae; Oreodaphne blanchetii and 4 more. (GBIF Backbone)

Kew accepts as species of their own Ocotea velutina: older names in GBIF's record of this species that Kew's World Checklist accepts as other species. (WCVP, RBG Kew, file of 2026-06-04)

GBIFIPNIPOWO

The record

Family
Lauraceae
Described by
(Meisn.) van der Werff
Native to
Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador
Wild records
162 in range · 83 open

Every figure here is derived from public data by a stated rule and names its source; nothing about this species is written for its page by a person or by AI, apart from the marked, credited quotations. How →

Where this page came from built 2026-10-21
GBIF species record gbif.species answeredasked 2026-10-21
GBIF synonyms gbif.synonyms answeredasked 2026-10-21
GBIF common names gbif.vernacular answeredasked 2026-10-21names fetched 2026-10-21
WCVP native range wcvp.distribution answeredas of 2026-06-04
GBIF occurrence records gbif.occurrences answeredasked 2026-10-21GBIF occurrence download https://doi.org/10.15468/dl.hbdw64, of 2026-10-21; 340 records of GBIF's key 4176520, Ocotea calophylla Mez (Kew's file holds it as Ocotea calophylla Mez (illegitimate under Andea velutina (Meisn.) van der Werff)): GBIF occurrence search API; 0 records of GBIF's key 5685635, Pleurothyrium velutinum Meisn. (Kew's file holds it as Pleurothyrium velutinum Meisn. (synonym under Andea velutina (Meisn.) van der Werff)): GBIF occurrence search API; 0 records of GBIF's key 7723345, Persea velutina (Meisn.) Benth. & Hook.f. ex B.D.Jacks. (Kew's file holds it as Persea velutina (Meisn.) Benth. & Hook.f. ex B.D.Jacks. (synonym under Andea velutina (Meisn.) van der Werff)): GBIF occurrence search API; 7 records of GBIF's key 10748171, Ocotea caesariata van der Werff (Kew's file holds it as Ocotea caesariata van der Werff (synonym under Andea velutina (Meisn.) van der Werff)): GBIF occurrence search API; 2 records of GBIF's key 11352124, Ocotea caesariata VanDerWerff (Kew's file holds it as Ocotea caesariata van der Werff (synonym under Andea velutina (Meisn.) van der Werff)): GBIF occurrence search API; 4 records within 1 km of a botanic garden, herbarium or zoo left out (2 at a botanic garden or arboretum, 2 at a zoo; Wikidata's list)
Habitat climate climate answeredasked 2026-10-21
Daily extremes (NASA POWER) climate.extremes answeredasked 2026-10-21NASA POWER (MERRA-2) daily 1981–2024, cell 5.00_-73.750, lapse-corrected +546 m at 6.5 °C/km
Wikidata wikidata nothing to reportasked 2026-10-21IPNI and POWO linked by Kew's number for Andea velutina (Meisn.) van der Werff (no item's number)
Wikipedia wikipedia nothing to reportasked 2026-10-21
iNaturalist taxon inat.taxon not asked
iNaturalist photographs, wild inat.photos.wild not asked
iNaturalist photographs, cultivated inat.photos.cultivated not asked
GBIF media gbif.media answeredasked 2026-10-21
OpenAlex papers openalex not askednot yet asked for this reference; a later fill takes the papers from OpenAlex's snapshot

Every source is recorded as having answered, reported nothing, refused, failed, not been asked, or answered twice where one answer is taken (“not taken: two items answered”), and, for a source asked when this page was built, when: the figures are as the source held them that day; a source read from a file (Kew's World Checklist, a GBIF download) says "as of" the file's day instead; a row carried from an earlier build of the page names that build instead. Only “nothing to report” is ever shown as an absence. Records came from 86 datasets via GBIF.org; each carries its own licence.

Cultifolio

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