Species
+

Arachnothryx leucophylla (Kunth) Planch.

Panama rose

Climate known 66 photographs
Add one to my plants Sow seed

Every figure on this page is derived from public data by a stated rule and says its source; nothing here is written by a person or a model, except the Wikipedia passage, which is quoted and marked as such. How it is made.

Summary

Arachnothryx leucophylla is a species of flowering plant in the family Rubiaceae.

Text from Wikipedia, “Arachnothryx leucophylla”, CC BY-SA 4.0, quoted as written. Kept separate from everything derived here.

About the genus · Arachnothryx

Arachnothryx is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. It contains about 101 species which range from Mexico to Peru and to Trinidad.

Text from Wikipedia, “Arachnothryx”, CC BY-SA 4.0, quoted as written.

Family
Rubiaceae
Described by
(Kunth) Planch.
Native to
Mexico Central, Mexico Northeast, Mexico Gulf +3
Wild records
337 in range· 307 open

At a glance

Warmest month
31°C
May, mean day; nights 19 °C (CHELSA)
Rain
1185mm/yr
8 wet months · peak Sep 249 mm (CHELSA)
Light
30–47DLI
mol/m²/day, winter to summer, open sky (CHELSA shortwave)
In short condensed by rule from the cultivation cards · not written by a person
Rain rule: a summer growing season, June to September in the northern hemisphere (June to September at the habitat, northern). Habitat rain 1185 mm a year, wettest September at 249 mm, driest March at 7 mm (habitat calendar, northern hemisphere). Open sky over the habitat: 30 to 47 mol/m²/day. Cold floor 16.6 °C (1st-percentile habitat night, NASA POWER).
Each sentence is one card's own one-line form, written by the same rule as the card (Its year, Rain, Light, Temperature); the note cannot say what a card does not. Months are given for the northern hemisphere (set your site in Settings to change this), and the habitat's own alongside. The cards · the figures.

Also known as Arachnothryx elongata (Bartl. ex DC.) Planch.; Arachnothryx leptodictya (B.L.Rob.) Borhidi; Arachnothryx yucatanensis (Lundell) Borhidi; Bouvardia discolor Hook. & Arn.; Hedyotis leucophylla (Kunth) Spreng. and 7 more.

Cultivation

Its year Rain rule: a summer growing season, June to September in the northern hemisphere (June to September at the habitat, northern).

This species’ habitat figures, and what two fixed rules read from them.

The rain rule reads a summer growing season: 70% of the year's rain (928 mm of 1185 mm) falls in June to September, warmer than the year (wet-season mean 25.0 °C against a yearly mean of 23.4 °C). Months are the habitat's, northern hemisphere; shifted six months for a southern-hemisphere collection: December to March.

Read from the median year of CHELSA monthly rainfall and mean temperature across the envelope cells: the rain rule takes the smallest set of months carrying 70% of the rain and calls it winter when its mean is more than half a degree below the year's, summer when more than that above, and neither in between; the temperature rule, used only under 120 mm, names the cooler six months when they are at least a degree cooler than the other six. Months are shifted for the other hemisphere only where the temperature curve gives a season to reverse. A reading of the curves, not an observation of the plant.

Rain Habitat rain 1185 mm a year, wettest September at 249 mm, driest March at 7 mm (habitat calendar, northern hemisphere).

This species’ habitat figures, with their source.

1185 mm a year at the habitat, 928 mm of it June to September. Wettest month September at 249 mm, driest March at 7 mm. Across the envelope cells the year's total runs 873 mm to 1742 mm (10th to 90th percentile of each cell's own year) (median year across the envelope cells, CHELSA; habitat calendar, northern hemisphere).

CHELSA monthly precipitation, median year across the envelope cells. The rain that falls where the species is recorded; nothing about how the plant takes water.

Light Open sky over the habitat: 30 to 47 mol/m²/day.

This species’ habitat figures, with their source.

Open sky over the habitat: 30 to 47 mol/m²/day across the year (daily light integral, median year across the envelope cells, CHELSA; the lowest 10th-percentile month across the cells is 24, the highest 90th-percentile month 50).

CHELSA shortwave radiation at each envelope cell, a daily-mean flux taken to a daily total and converted at 2.07 mol of PAR per MJ. The sky over the habitat, measured; what reaches a plant under a rock, a shrub or a shade cloth is not.

Warmth and air Cold floor 16.6 °C (1st-percentile habitat night, NASA POWER).

This species’ habitat figures, with their source.

Temperature

Coldest: the 1st-percentile night over 44 years at the typical cell is 16.6 °C, the absolute minimum 13.3 °C, no frost in 44 years (NASA POWER daily minima). Warmest: the 99th-percentile day is 34.4 °C. Monthly means: coldest night 14.5 °C in January (across the envelope cells 8.8 °C to 21.1 °C), warmest day 31.3 °C in May (median year across the envelope cells, CHELSA). Cold floor: 16.6 °C, which is the 1st-percentile night over 44 years at the typical cell (NASA POWER).

NASA POWER daily minima and maxima 1981–2024 at the typical cell, lapse-corrected to its elevation; CHELSA monthly means, median year across the envelope cells, CHELSA. The cold floor is the figure named in its sentence. Not a measured survival limit for any plant in a pot.

Humidity

Relative humidity at the habitat: 53 to 68% across the year (monthly means, median year across the envelope cells, CHELSA). A figure about the air, saying nothing about how the plant takes water.

CHELSA relative humidity, median year across the envelope cells.

The figures the cards read from are in Climate below, and where they came from in Natural habitat.

Climate across the habitat

Habitat climate through the yearMean day from 27 °C in Jan to 31 °C in May; mean night from 15 °C in Jan to 21 °C in Jun. The cold quarter, Dec to Feb, is the three months around the coldest night. 1185 mm of rain a year, most in Sep. The bands show the 10th to 90th percentile across 223 habitat cells. Over 44 years at the typical cell the absolute minimum was 13.3 °C and the 99th-percentile day 34.4 °C; neither is dated to a month. Beneath: daily light integral and relative humidity through the year, each on its own scale.10°15°20°25°30°35°40°34.4° 99th-percentile day (undated)13.3° lowest night in 44 yrs (undated)°C · day and nightcold quarter0100200300400mm rainDLI 30–47RH 53–68 %JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
day night rain 10th–90th percentile across 223 habitat cells cold quarter: the three months around the coldest night extremes over 44 years at the typical cell, marked at the edge: undated DLI, mol/m²/dayRH %each on its own scale
Figures by month
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Day °C27 / 22–2928 / 24–3129 / 25–3231 / 27–3431 / 28–3429 / 25–3329 / 24–3129 / 24–3128 / 23–3028 / 23–3028 / 23–3027 / 23–29
Night °C15 / 9–2115 / 9–2116 / 10–2218 / 12–2319 / 14–2421 / 16–2521 / 15–2521 / 15–2521 / 15–2419 / 14–2417 / 12–2315 / 10–22
Rain mm30 / 4–4715 / 7–337 / 3–357 / 2–4943 / 8–125191 / 114–315242 / 162–365246 / 168–363249 / 172–362113 / 62–18927 / 13–6215 / 6–45
DLI32 / 26–3537 / 30–3943 / 37–4547 / 41–4844 / 40–5037 / 34–4236 / 33–4035 / 32–3932 / 29–3532 / 30–3432 / 27–3430 / 24–33
RH %55 / 51–6355 / 49–6254 / 47–6053 / 46–6056 / 49–6465 / 59–6866 / 61–6967 / 62–7068 / 63–7165 / 60–6859 / 54–6557 / 52–63

Each figure is the median across the 223 grid cells holding the 336 in-range records, with the 10th–90th percentile span across those cells after the slash where it differs. Extremes and elevation were read at the typical cell 1347:1493 (22.625, -105.325). Over 44 years there: absolute minimum 13.3 °C, 1st-percentile night 16.6 °C, 99th-percentile day 34.4 °C. Normals: CHELSA V2.1 1981–2010 climatology, 0.05° cells (each the mean of ~36 1 km pixels). Envelope: median and 10th–90th percentile of each month across the 223 distinct grid cells holding the 336 in-range records; extremes and elevation at the typical cell 1347:1493 (its coldest month's mean night nearest the median across cells); its position is the cell centre. Extremes: NASA POWER (MERRA-2) daily 1981–2024, cell 22.50_-105.625, lapse-corrected -110 m at 6.5 °C/km. Elevation: ETOPO 2022, 76 m (cell mean).

Natural habitat

Native range as published by WCVP; the marker is where the records are densest and decides nothing: the climate was read across every in-range record's cell, not at the marker.
Openly licensed records inside the range, framed on where they fall.
NativeMexico Central, Mexico Northeast, Mexico Gulf, Mexico Northwest, Mexico Southwest, Mexico Southeast· introduced: El Salvador
Kew's description“shrub” · “seasonally dry tropical”· quoted from WCVP, RBG Kew (CC BY 4.0); not derived here
Map marker19.696, -104.387 · in the densest population, 213 records (63% of those in range)
Evidence usedThe map marker and the climate envelope rest on all 337 georeferenced records inside the native range; the map shows only the 307 openly licensed ones, which alone would put the marker in the same place. 164 records outside the range (gardens, roadsides, misidentifications) ignored. 1 in-range record is placed to worse than 10 km and stays on the map but off the climate.
The map markerthe map marker: the openly licensed record nearest the middle of the densest 1° population inside the densest 4° block of the 337 in-range records; it decides nothing.

Photographs

Arachnothryx leucophyllaArachnothryx leucophyllaArachnothryx leucophyllaArachnothryx leucophyllaArachnothryx leucophyllaArachnothryx leucophyllaArachnothryx leucophyllaArachnothryx leucophylla

Photographs: (c) Carlos Domínguez-Rodríguez, some rights reserved (CC BY) (2); (c) Alexis López Hernández, some rights reserved (CC BY) (3); no rights reserved · CC0 (2); (c) Caleb Catto, some rights reserved (CC BY).

Photographs: iNaturalist and Wikimedia Commons did not answer when this page was built; what is shown came from the sources that did.

Papers naming this species

Works whose title or abstract names Arachnothryx leucophylla, most cited first, from OpenAlex (CC0). A mention, not a cultivation source: nothing on this page is drawn from them.

La flora arbórea de Michoacán, México
Eva M. Cué-Bär, José Luís Villaseñor, Libertad Arredondo‐Amezcua, Guadalupe Cornejo‐Tenorio (2006) · Botanical Sciences
Flora de la costa de Oaxaca, México (2): lista florística comentada del Parque Nacional Huatulco
Silvia H. Salas-Morales, Leo Schibli, Arturo Nava-Zafra, Alfredo Saynes-Vásquez (2007) · Botanical Sciences
Plantas vasculares y vegetación de la parte alta del arroyo agua fría, municipio de Minatitlán, Colima, México
Eloy Padilla Velarde, Ramón Cuevas‐Guzmán, Stephen D. Koch (2008) · Acta Botanica Mexicana
The new Hispaniolan genus Tainus (Rubiaceae) constitutes an isolated lineage in the Caribbean biodiversity hotspot
Alejandro Torres-Montúfar, Thomas Borsch, Susy Fuentes, Teodoro Clase (2017) · Willdenowia - Annals of the Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin-Dahlem
Flora vascular de Villas de Cacoma, sierra de Cacoma, Jalisco, México
José Guadalupe Morales-Arias, Ramón Cuevas‐Guzmán, José Luis Rodríguez-Hernández, Luis Guzmán-Hernández (2016) · Botanical Sciences
Rubiaceae
K.M. Wong, I.M. Turner, R.J. Wang, R. Harwood (2019)
Angiospermas nativas documentadas en la literatura para el Estado de México, México
Isabel Martínez-De La Cruz, José Luís Villaseñor, Luis Isaac Aguilera Gómez, Martín Rubí Arriaga (2018) · Acta Botanica Mexicana
Revisión crítica del género Arachnothryx Planch
A. Borhidi (2017) · Acta Botanica Hungarica
Useful Plants in Homegardens and Their Contribution to Food Self-Sufficiency in a Rural Community
Plácida Virgen López-Gallardo, Mónica Pérez-Nicolás, José Amando Gil Vera-Castillo, Alfredo Saynes-Vásquez (2025) · Sustainability

Similar habitat climate the 6 species whose habitat climate is nearest this one's: mean day and night, month by month, and rain on a log scale, in calendar order, so a habitat with the same seasons six months out is far, not near. Nothing else counts: not range, not family.

History & registers

Where this page came from built 2026-09-20 · dossier v2 · node
gbif.species answeredcarried from build of 2026-09-20 (offline re-derivation; the backbone was not asked)
gbif.synonyms answeredcarried from build of 2026-09-20 (offline re-derivation; the backbone was not asked)
gbif.vernacular answeredcarried from build of 2026-09-20 (offline re-derivation; the backbone was not asked)
wcvp.distribution answered
gbif.occurrences answeredGBIF occurrence download https://doi.org/10.15468/dl.3h4zam
climate answered
wikidata answeredcarried from build of 2026-09-20 (rederive); that build: carried from build of 2026-09-19 (rederive); that build: carried from build of 2026-09-19 (rederive)
wikipedia answeredcarried from build of 2026-09-20; this build: skipped
inat.taxon not askedcarried from build of 2026-09-20 (rederive)
inat.photos.wild answeredcarried from build of 2026-09-20; this build: skipped
inat.photos.cultivated nothing to reportcarried from build of 2026-09-20 (rederive); that build: carried from build of 2026-09-19 (rederive); that build: carried from build of 2026-09-19 (rederive)
commons not askedcarried from build of 2026-09-20 (rederive); that build: carried from build of 2026-09-19 (rederive); that build: carried from build of 2026-09-19 (rederive)
gbif.media answered
openalex answeredcarried from build of 2026-09-20; this build: skipped

Every upstream is recorded as having answered, reported nothing, or refused. Only “nothing to report” is ever shown as an absence. Records came from 44 datasets via GBIF.org; each carries its own licence.