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Arnica latifolia; photograph Brooke Smith, CC BY, iNaturalist via GBIF CC BYBrooke Smith, CC BY, iNaturalist via GBIF

Arnica latifolia Bong.

Broad-leaved arnica; Broadleaf arnica; Daffodil leopardbane; Mountain arnica

Asteraceae · Alaska, Northwest Territories +11

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Arnica latifolia, photograph Brooke Smith, CC BY, iNaturalist via GBIFArnica latifolia, photograph Brooke Smith, CC BY, iNaturalist via GBIFArnica latifolia, photograph Shirley Morrison, CC0, iNaturalist via GBIFArnica latifolia, photograph Shirley Morrison, CC0, iNaturalist via GBIFArnica latifolia, photograph Brooke Smith, CC BY, iNaturalist via GBIFArnica latifolia, photograph Brooke Smith, CC BY, iNaturalist via GBIF 24 photographs ›
Habitat figures
Cold floor (1 night in 100)
-24.4°C
Record low -41.0 °C in 44 years, at a typical spot in the range NASA POWER
Warmest month, mean daily high
20°C
Jul and Aug at the habitat CHELSA
Rain a year (median across the range)
1,325mm
12 months of 25 mm or more in the median year CHELSA
Open-sky light
7–45DLI
Lowest to highest month (DLI) CHELSA
The year in your months, northern hemisphere
  1. Jan
  2. Feb
  3. Mar
  4. Apr
  5. May
  6. Jun
  7. Jul
  8. Aug
  9. Sep
  10. Oct
  11. Nov
  12. Dec
Rain spread: 70% of the median year's rain takes 8 months, so no short rainy season. rain rule, CHELSA
Northern hemisphere unless you set your site. The chart is in the habitat's months.

Summary

Arnica latifolia is a species of arnica in the sunflower family, known by the common names broadleaf arnica, broad leaved arnica, mountain arnica, and daffodil leopardbane. It is native to western North America from Alaska east to Northwest Territories and south to Mono County, California, and Taos County, New Mexico. It grows in mountain habitat such as forest and meadows.

Quoted from Wikipedia, "Arnica latifolia", CC BY-SA 4.0.

Cultivation

Seasons

The rain rule reads no short rainy season: 70% of the median year's rain (975 mm of 1,269 mm) takes 8 months, October to March and May to June. Mean temperature moves 20.6 °C between the warmest and coldest month. Months are the habitat's, northern hemisphere; shifted six months for a southern-hemisphere collection: April to September and November to December.

Rain

1,269 mm in the median year at the habitat, 975 mm of it October to March and May to June. Wettest month December at 155 mm, driest month August at 59 mm. Across the grid cells of the range the year's total runs 696 mm to 3,005 mm, the 10th to 90th percentile of each cell's own year. The median of the cells' own yearly totals, 1,325 mm, is the year's rain at the top of the page; the 1,269 mm here is the median year's, the twelve monthly medians added, which the rain rule reads. Habitat calendar, northern hemisphere; median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA.

Light

Open sky over the habitat: 7 to 45 mol/m²/day across the year (daily light integral, median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA; the lowest 10th-percentile month across the cells is 4, the highest 90th-percentile month 50).

Warmth and air
Temperature

Coldest: the 1st-percentile night over 44 years at a typical spot in the range is -24.4 °C, the absolute minimum -41.0 °C, 11,011 frost nights in 44 years, 250.3 a year (NASA POWER daily minima). Warmest: the 99th-percentile day is 23.2 °C. Monthly means: the coldest month's mean nightly low -11.0 °C in December (across the grid cells of the range -18.0 °C to -3.3 °C), the warmest month's mean daily high 20.0 °C in July and August (median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA). Cold floor: -24.4 °C, which is the 1st-percentile night over 44 years at a typical spot in the range (NASA POWER).

Humidity

Relative humidity at the habitat: 53 to 64% across the year (monthly means, median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA). A figure about the air, saying nothing about how the plant takes water.

How this section is made

Each card states this species' habitat figures with their sources, and what two fixed rules read from them; nothing here says what the plant does, wants or tolerates. The rules · the terms.

Seasons. Read from the median year of CHELSA monthly rainfall and mean temperature across the grid cells of the range: the rain rule takes the smallest set of months carrying 70% of the rain and calls it winter when its mean is more than half a degree below the year's, summer when more than that above, and neither in between; the temperature rule, used only under 120 mm, names the cooler six months when they are at least a degree cooler than the other six. Months are shifted for the other hemisphere only where the temperature curve moves 4 °C or more and the habitat lies 10° or more from the equator. A reading of the curves, not an observation of the plant.

Rain. CHELSA monthly precipitation, median year across the grid cells of the range. The rain that falls where the species is recorded; nothing about how the plant takes water.

Light. CHELSA shortwave radiation at each envelope cell, a daily-mean flux taken to a daily total and converted at 2.07 mol of PAR per MJ. The sky over the habitat, measured; what reaches a plant under a rock, a shrub or a shade cloth is not.

Temperature. NASA POWER daily minima and maxima over 44 years at a typical spot in the range, lapse-corrected +525 m to its elevation; CHELSA monthly means, median year across the grid cells of the range. The cold floor is the 1st-percentile night named in its sentence. Not a measured survival limit for any plant in a pot.

Humidity. CHELSA relative humidity, median year across the grid cells of the range.

Climate across the habitat

Habitat months, northern hemisphere

Habitat climate of Arnica latifolia through the yearWarmest months July and August, mean daily high 20 °C; coldest month December, mean nightly low -11.0 °C; 1,269 mm of rain in the median year (the twelve monthly medians added). Medians across the range, from CHELSA; the extremes at the edge from NASA POWER. Habitat months, northern hemisphere.-60°-40°-20°0°20°40°frost23.2° 99th-percentile day, NASA POWER-41.0° lowest night in 44 years, NASA POWER°C · day and nightcold quarter0100200300400500mm rainDLI 7–45RH 53–64%JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
day night rain medians and 10th–90th percentile across 889 habitat cells, CHELSA cold quarter: the three months around the coldest month's mean nightly low extremes over 44 years at a typical spot in the range, from NASA POWER, marked at the edge, in no month DLI, mol/m²/dayRH %each on its own scale
Figures by month
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Day °C-3 / -9–3-1 / -7–42 / -3–75 / 1–1110 / 6–1615 / 11–2020 / 15–2520 / 15–2515 / 10–218 / 2–140 / -5–6-4 / -9–2
Night °C-10 / -17–-3-10 / -16–-3-7 / -13–-2-4 / -9–0-1 / -5–44 / 0–87 / 4–117 / 4–113 / -1–8-2 / -7–4-7 / -14–-1-11 / -18–-3
Rain mm143 / 43–420109 / 39–302107 / 44–28995 / 46–210104 / 56–16097 / 49–15960 / 22–12659 / 24–12580 / 38–159106 / 51–325154 / 52–474155 / 48–444
DLI9 / 5–1515 / 11–2224 / 19–3234 / 29–4040 / 35–4642 / 36–4945 / 37–5040 / 31–4429 / 22–3618 / 12–259 / 6–167 / 4–13
RH %64 / 57–6862 / 57–6561 / 56–6559 / 54–6358 / 52–6357 / 48–6353 / 45–6153 / 46–6155 / 48–6259 / 52–6564 / 56–6964 / 57–68
How this section is made
Each figure is the median across the 889 grid cells on land that hold in-range records (1239 records in those cells; 4 more cells hold records but no land by the elevation layer, so those records sit at sea and the cells are left out), with the 10th–90th percentile span across those cells after the slash where it differs. A dash is a month one or more of those cells has no figure for in the grid (a variable CHELSA does not carry there), so no median is taken rather than one over fewer cells. Extremes and elevation were read at a typical spot in the range, cell 829:1178 (48.525, -121.075). Over 44 years there: absolute minimum -41.0 °C, 1st-percentile night -24.4 °C, 99th-percentile day 23.2 °C. Normals: CHELSA V2.1 1981–2010 climatology, 0.05° cells (each the mean of ~36 1 km pixels). Across the range: median and 10th–90th percentile of each month across the 889 distinct grid cells holding 1239 of the 1243 in-range records (4 further cells with records at sea, by the elevation layer, left out); extremes and elevation at the typical cell 829:1178 (its coldest month's mean nightly low nearest the median across cells); its position is the cell centre. Extremes: NASA POWER (MERRA-2) daily 1981–2024, cell 48.50_-121.250, lapse-corrected +525 m at 6.5 °C/km. Elevation: ETOPO 2022, 1783 m (cell mean).

Natural habitat

Native range as published by WCVP; the marker is where the records are densest and decides nothing: the climate was read across the cells of the in-range records placed well enough to read one, not at the marker.
Openly licensed records inside the range, framed on where they fall.
NativeAlaska, Northwest Territories, Yukon, Alberta, British Columbia, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Oregon, Washington, Wyoming, California, Utah · regions are the level-3 units of the World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, as Kew's World Checklist records ranges, some under historical names such as Yugoslavia or Czechoslovakia (how).
Map marker49.1, -120.764 · in the densest population, 1132 records (64% of those in range)
Kew's description“perennial” · “subalpine or subarctic” · quoted from WCVP, RBG Kew (CC BY 4.0); not derived here
Evidence usedThe map marker rests on all 1763 georeferenced records inside the native range; the climate across the range on the 1239 of them in the land cells it reads, of 1243 placed to within 10 km; the map shows only the 988 openly licensed ones, which alone would put the marker 475 km away. 7 records outside the WCVP native range not used. 520 in-range records are placed to worse than 10 km, or with no stated accuracy (admitted only as a person's observation to three decimals), and stay on the map but off the climate.
How this section is made
The map marker: the openly licensed record nearest the middle of the densest 1° population inside the densest 4° block of the 1763 in-range records; it decides nothing. Records outside the native range, living specimens and records marked introduced are not used; which records count.

Photographs

Arnica latifolia, photograph 1did not loadArnica latifolia, photograph 2did not loadArnica latifolia, photograph 3did not loadArnica latifolia, photograph 4did not loadArnica latifolia, photograph 5did not loadArnica latifolia, photograph 6did not load

Photographs: Brooke Smith, CC BY, iNaturalist via GBIF (4); Shirley Morrison, CC0, iNaturalist via GBIF (2).

Similar habitat climate The 6 nearest by mean daily high, mean nightly low and rain, month by month. How.

Erythranthe lewisii Erythranthe lewisii Lewis' monkeyflower Photo: CC0, Ben KeenAnticlea occidentalis Anticlea occidentalis Western feather-bells Photo: CC BY, Rowan FehrPectiantia pentandra Pectiantia pentandra Five-stamen mitrewort Photo: CC0, Shane JohnsonSenecio triangularis Senecio triangularis Arrow-leaved ragwort Photo: CC BY, Allison GrayRhododendron albiflorum Rhododendron albiflorum White rhododendron Photo: CC0, author not statedGentiana calycosa Gentiana calycosa Mountain bog gentian Photo: CC0, author not stated

Other Arnica 13 in the reference

Arnica acaulis Arnica acaulis Common leopardbane Photo: CC0, Becky DillArnica angustifolia Arnica angustifolia Arctic arnica Photo: CC BY, Oleif JohnsenArnica chamissonis Arnica chamissonis Chamisso arnica Photo: CC BY, Celina WaldronArnica cordifolia Arnica cordifolia Heart-leaf arnica Photo: CC BY-SA, Gordon McAdamsArnica fulgens Arnica fulgens Foothill arnica Photo: CC0, Parker HopkinsArnica griscomii Arnica griscomii Snow arnica Photo: CC BY, Syd CanningsArnica lanceolata Arnica lanceolata Lance-leaved arnica Photo: CC0, davidbroadlandArnica longifolia Arnica longifolia Spear-leaf arnica Photo: CC BY, Tim MessickArnica mollis Arnica mollis Hairy arnica Photo: CC0, Shane JohnsonArnica montana Arnica montana Mountain arnica Photo: CC BY, Gunnar EnganArnica nevadensis Arnica nevadensis Nevada arnica Photo: CC BY, Ed AlversonArnica rydbergii Arnica rydbergii Subalpine arnica Photo: CC0, Craig Martin all 14 ›

Names & registers

Also known as Arnica aphanactis; Arnica aprica; Arnica betonicifolia; Arnica betonicifolia var. betonicifolia; Arnica eriopoda and 18 more. (GBIF Backbone)

Registers not checked Wikidata did not answer when this page was built, so the links it gives (POWO, IPNI, World Flora Online, Wikipedia) were not checked; any shown here are kept from an earlier build. Not asked, or not answered, is not "none": nothing here claims there is none. Why the site says it this way.
GBIFWikipedia

The record

Family
Asteraceae
Described by
Bong.
Native to
Alaska, Northwest Territories, Yukon +10
Wild records
1763 in range · 988 open

Every figure here is derived from public data by a stated rule and names its source; nothing about this species is written for its page by a person or by AI, apart from the marked, credited quotations. How →

Where this page came from built 2026-10-21
GBIF species record gbif.species answeredasked 2026-10-21
GBIF synonyms gbif.synonyms answeredasked 2026-10-21
GBIF common names gbif.vernacular answeredasked 2026-10-21names fetched 2026-10-21
WCVP native range wcvp.distribution answeredas of 2026-06-04
GBIF occurrence records gbif.occurrences answeredas of 2026-10-21GBIF occurrence download https://doi.org/10.15468/dl.hbdw64, of 2026-10-21; 2 records within 1 km of a botanic garden, herbarium or zoo left out (1 at a botanic garden or arboretum, 1 at a zoo; Wikidata's list)
Habitat climate climate answeredasked 2026-10-21
Daily extremes (NASA POWER) climate.extremes answeredasked 2026-10-21NASA POWER (MERRA-2) daily 1981–2024, cell 48.50_-121.250, lapse-corrected +525 m at 6.5 °C/km
Wikidata wikidata failedasked 2026-10-21query.wikidata.org timeout (batched: Wikidata's query service, 200 GBIF keys)
Wikipedia wikipedia answeredasked 2026-10-21
iNaturalist taxon inat.taxon not asked
iNaturalist photographs, wild inat.photos.wild not asked
iNaturalist photographs, cultivated inat.photos.cultivated not asked
GBIF media gbif.media answeredasked 2026-10-21
OpenAlex papers openalex not askednot yet asked for this reference; a later fill takes the papers from OpenAlex's snapshot

Every source is recorded as having answered, reported nothing, refused, failed, not been asked, or answered twice where one answer is taken (“not taken: two items answered”), and, for a source asked when this page was built, when: the figures are as the source held them that day; a source read from a file (Kew's World Checklist, a GBIF download) says "as of" the file's day instead; a row carried from an earlier build of the page names that build instead. Only “nothing to report” is ever shown as an absence. Records came from 91 datasets via GBIF.org; each carries its own licence.

Cultifolio

Opening your plants…