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Artemisia borealis; photograph Julianne Ourom, CC0, iNaturalist via GBIF CC0Julianne Ourom, CC0, iNaturalist via GBIF

Artemisia borealis Pall.

Boreal sage; Boreal wormwood; Field sagewort; Boreal sagebrush

Asteraceae · Austria, Switzerland +17

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Artemisia borealis, photograph Julianne Ourom, CC0, iNaturalist via GBIFArtemisia borealis, photograph Michael Bakker Paiva, CC BY, iNaturalist via GBIFArtemisia borealis, photograph Michael Bakker Paiva, CC BY, iNaturalist via GBIFArtemisia borealis, photograph Western Arctic Park Rangers, CC0, iNaturalist via GBIFArtemisia borealis, photograph Ingvild Riska, CC BY, iNaturalist via GBIFArtemisia borealis, photograph Todd Boland, CC BY, iNaturalist via GBIF 24 photographs ›
Habitat figures
Cold floor (1 night in 100)
-39.8°C
Record low -50.1 °C in 44 years, at a typical spot in the range NASA POWER
Warmest month, mean daily high
14°C
Jul at the habitat CHELSA
Rain a year (median across the range)
569mm
12 months of 25 mm or more in the median year CHELSA
Open-sky light
0–37DLI
Lowest to highest month (DLI) CHELSA
The year in your months, northern hemisphere
  1. Jan
  2. Feb
  3. Mar
  4. Apr
  5. May
  6. Jun
  7. Jul
  8. Aug
  9. Sep
  10. Oct
  11. Nov
  12. Dec
Wet summers: the rain comes June to December, read as a summer growing season. rain rule, CHELSA
Northern hemisphere unless you set your site. The chart is in the habitat's months.

Cultivation

Seasons

The rain rule reads a summer growing season: 70% of the median year's rain (421 mm of 573 mm) falls in June to December, warmer than the year (wet-season mean -2.5 °C against a yearly mean of -8.1 °C). Months are the habitat's, northern hemisphere; shifted six months for a southern-hemisphere collection: December to June.

Rain

573 mm in the median year at the habitat, 421 mm of it June to December. Wettest month August at 86 mm, driest months (2 at 28 mm). Across the grid cells of the range the year's total runs 306 mm to 1,682 mm, the 10th to 90th percentile of each cell's own year. The median of the cells' own yearly totals, 569 mm, is the year's rain at the top of the page; the 573 mm here is the median year's, the twelve monthly medians added, which the rain rule reads. Habitat calendar, northern hemisphere; median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA.

Light

Open sky over the habitat: 0 to 37 mol/m²/day across the year (daily light integral, median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA; the lowest 10th-percentile month across the cells is 0, the highest 90th-percentile month 41).

Warmth and air
Temperature

Coldest: the 1st-percentile night over 44 years at a typical spot in the range is -39.8 °C, the absolute minimum -50.1 °C, 11,154 frost nights in 44 years, 253.5 a year (NASA POWER daily minima). Warmest: the 99th-percentile day is 22.1 °C. Monthly means: the coldest month's mean nightly low -27.5 °C in January (across the grid cells of the range -35.0 °C to -14.5 °C), the warmest month's mean daily high 13.7 °C in July (median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA). Cold floor: -39.8 °C, which is the 1st-percentile night over 44 years at a typical spot in the range (NASA POWER).

Humidity

Relative humidity at the habitat: 63 to 74% across the year (monthly means, median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA). A figure about the air, saying nothing about how the plant takes water.

How this section is made

Each card states this species' habitat figures with their sources, and what two fixed rules read from them; nothing here says what the plant does, wants or tolerates. The rules · the terms.

Seasons. Read from the median year of CHELSA monthly rainfall and mean temperature across the grid cells of the range: the rain rule takes the smallest set of months carrying 70% of the rain and calls it winter when its mean is more than half a degree below the year's, summer when more than that above, and neither in between; the temperature rule, used only under 120 mm, names the cooler six months when they are at least a degree cooler than the other six. Months are shifted for the other hemisphere only where the temperature curve moves 4 °C or more and the habitat lies 10° or more from the equator. A reading of the curves, not an observation of the plant.

Rain. CHELSA monthly precipitation, median year across the grid cells of the range. The rain that falls where the species is recorded; nothing about how the plant takes water.

Light. CHELSA shortwave radiation at each envelope cell, a daily-mean flux taken to a daily total and converted at 2.07 mol of PAR per MJ. The sky over the habitat, measured; what reaches a plant under a rock, a shrub or a shade cloth is not.

Temperature. NASA POWER daily minima and maxima over 44 years at a typical spot in the range, lapse-corrected -110 m to its elevation; CHELSA monthly means, median year across the grid cells of the range. The cold floor is the 1st-percentile night named in its sentence. Not a measured survival limit for any plant in a pot.

Humidity. CHELSA relative humidity, median year across the grid cells of the range.

Climate across the habitat

Habitat months, northern hemisphere

Habitat climate of Artemisia borealis through the yearWarmest month July, mean daily high 14 °C; coldest month January, mean nightly low -27.5 °C; 573 mm of rain in the median year (the twelve monthly medians added). Medians across the range, from CHELSA; the extremes at the edge from NASA POWER. Habitat months, northern hemisphere.-60°-40°-20°0°20°40°frost22.1° 99th-percentile day, NASA POWER-50.1° lowest night in 44 years, NASA POWER°C · day and nightcold quarter050100150200mm rainDLI 0–37RH 63–74%JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
day night rain medians and 10th–90th percentile across 327 habitat cells, CHELSA cold quarter: the three months around the coldest month's mean nightly low extremes over 44 years at a typical spot in the range, from NASA POWER, marked at the edge, in no month DLI, mol/m²/dayRH %each on its own scale
Figures by month
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Day °C-22 / -30–-8-20 / -28–-6-15 / -21–-3-8 / -13–11 / -4–710 / 4–1414 / 8–1711 / 7–165 / 1–11-4 / -11–5-14 / -22–-2-20 / -28–-7
Night °C-28 / -35–-15-27 / -33–-14-22 / -28–-11-15 / -20–-6-5 / -8–-12 / -1–66 / 2–105 / 1–10-1 / -4–5-10 / -17–-2-19 / -28–-9-25 / -34–-14
Rain mm35 / 14–12028 / 12–9628 / 11–12329 / 14–12832 / 17–15650 / 29–16576 / 41–16986 / 48–18465 / 35–16359 / 26–18546 / 20–15239 / 15–134
DLI1 / 0–116 / 2–1817 / 10–2730 / 24–3637 / 34–4136 / 34–3930 / 28–3921 / 18–3314 / 9–267 / 3–182 / 0–120 / 0–9
RH %74 / 58–9273 / 58–9171 / 59–8367 / 60–7665 / 61–6963 / 59–6963 / 60–6964 / 60–7065 / 61–6968 / 60–7572 / 60–8774 / 59–90
How this section is made
Each figure is the median across the 327 grid cells on land that hold in-range records (434 records in those cells; 2 more cells hold records but no land by the elevation layer, so those records sit at sea and the cells are left out), with the 10th–90th percentile span across those cells after the slash where it differs. A dash is a month one or more of those cells has no figure for in the grid (a variable CHELSA does not carry there), so no median is taken rather than one over fewer cells. Extremes and elevation were read at a typical spot in the range, cell 541:6831 (62.925, 161.575). Over 44 years there: absolute minimum -50.1 °C, 1st-percentile night -39.8 °C, 99th-percentile day 22.1 °C. Normals: CHELSA V2.1 1981–2010 climatology, 0.05° cells (each the mean of ~36 1 km pixels). Across the range: median and 10th–90th percentile of each month across the 327 distinct grid cells holding 434 of the 436 in-range records (2 further cells with records at sea, by the elevation layer, left out); extremes and elevation at the typical cell 541:6831 (its coldest month's mean nightly low nearest the median across cells); its position is the cell centre. Extremes: NASA POWER (MERRA-2) daily 1981–2024, cell 63.00_161.875, lapse-corrected -110 m at 6.5 °C/km. Elevation: ETOPO 2022, 281 m (cell mean).

Natural habitat

Native range as published by WCVP; the marker is where the records are densest and decides nothing: the climate was read across the cells of the in-range records placed well enough to read one, not at the marker.
Openly licensed records inside the range, framed on where they fall.
NativeAustria, Switzerland, France, Italy, North European Russia, Altay, Buryatiya, Chita, Krasnoyarsk, West Siberia, Yakutskiya, Amur, Kamchatka, Khabarovsk, Kuril Is., Magadan, Primorye, Sakhalin, Mongolia · regions are the level-3 units of the World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, as Kew's World Checklist records ranges, some under historical names such as Yugoslavia or Czechoslovakia (how).
Map marker45.482, 7.034 · in the densest population, 159 records (18% of those in range)
Kew's description“perennial” · “subalpine or subarctic” · quoted from WCVP, RBG Kew (CC BY 4.0); not derived here
Evidence usedThe map marker rests on all 905 georeferenced records inside the native range; the climate across the range on the 434 of them in the land cells it reads, of 436 placed to within 10 km; the map shows only the 806 openly licensed ones, which alone would put the marker in the same place. 681 records outside the WCVP native range not used. 469 in-range records are placed to worse than 10 km, or with no stated accuracy (admitted only as a person's observation to three decimals), and stay on the map but off the climate.
How this section is made
The map marker: the openly licensed record nearest the middle of the densest 1° population of the 905 in-range records; it decides nothing. Records outside the native range, living specimens and records marked introduced are not used; which records count.

Photographs

Artemisia borealis, photograph 1did not loadArtemisia borealis, photograph 2did not loadArtemisia borealis, photograph 3did not loadArtemisia borealis, photograph 4did not loadArtemisia borealis, photograph 5did not loadArtemisia borealis, photograph 6did not load

Photographs: Julianne Ourom, CC0, iNaturalist via GBIF; Michael Bakker Paiva, CC BY, iNaturalist via GBIF (2); Western Arctic Park Rangers, CC0, iNaturalist via GBIF; Ingvild Riska, CC BY, iNaturalist via GBIF; Todd Boland, CC BY, iNaturalist via GBIF.

Similar habitat climate The 6 nearest by mean daily high, mean nightly low and rain, month by month. How.

Lagotis glauca Lagotis glauca Glaucous weaselsnout Photo: CC BY, Ingvild RiskaOreomecon lapponica Oreomecon lapponica Papaveraceae Photo: CC BY, Takeo GotoPolemonium boreale Polemonium boreale Boreal Jacob's-ladder Photo: CC BY, Trevor Van LoonSalix nummularia Salix nummularia Coin-leaf willow Photo: CC BY, Valerii GlazunovSalix phlebophylla Salix phlebophylla Skeleton-leaved willow Photo: CC BY, Matt BergerEritrichium villosum Eritrichium villosum Boraginaceae Photo: CC BY, Илья Руденко

Other Artemisia 86 in the reference

Artemisia abrotanum Artemisia abrotanum Southernwood Photo: CC BY, Мирослав СоболевArtemisia absinthium Artemisia absinthium Wormwood Photo: CC BY-SA, Serdar ÖlezArtemisia adamsii Artemisia adamsii Asteraceae Photo: CC BY, Urgamal MagsarArtemisia afra Artemisia afra African wormwood Photo: CC BY-SA, Tony RebeloArtemisia alba Artemisia alba White Mugwort Photo: CC BY, Matteo MartiniArtemisia alpina Artemisia alpina Asteraceae Photo: CC BY, Илья РуденкоArtemisia annua Artemisia annua Sweet wormwood Photo: CC BY-SA, Josep GestiArtemisia anomala Artemisia anomala Asteraceae Photo: CC BY, 鄭雪雲Artemisia arborescens Artemisia arborescens Hedge artemisia Photo: CC BY, Anis DrisArtemisia arbuscula Artemisia arbuscula Sagebrush Photo: CC BY, James H. ThomasArtemisia argentea Artemisia argentea Madeira wormwood Photo: CC BY, Vítor JorgeArtemisia argyi Artemisia argyi Chinese mugwort Photo: CC BY, Repina Tatyana all 87 ›

Names & registers

GBIFPOWOIPNIWFOWikidataiNaturalist

The record

Family
Asteraceae
Described by
Pall.
Native to
Austria, Switzerland, France +16
Wild records
905 in range · 806 open

Every figure here is derived from public data by a stated rule and names its source; nothing about this species is written for its page by a person or by AI, apart from the marked, credited quotations. How →

Where this page came from built 2026-10-21
GBIF species record gbif.species answeredasked 2026-10-21
GBIF synonyms gbif.synonyms answeredasked 2026-10-21
GBIF common names gbif.vernacular answeredasked 2026-10-21names fetched 2026-10-21
WCVP native range wcvp.distribution answeredas of 2026-06-04
GBIF occurrence records gbif.occurrences answeredas of 2026-10-21GBIF occurrence download https://doi.org/10.15468/dl.hbdw64, of 2026-10-21; 1 record within 1 km of a botanic garden, herbarium or zoo left out (1 at a botanic garden or arboretum; Wikidata's list)
Habitat climate climate answeredasked 2026-10-21
Daily extremes (NASA POWER) climate.extremes answeredasked 2026-10-21NASA POWER (MERRA-2) daily 1981–2024, cell 63.00_161.875, lapse-corrected -110 m at 6.5 °C/km
Wikidata wikidata answeredasked 2026-10-21
Wikipedia wikipedia nothing to reportasked 2026-10-21Wikipedia redirects Artemisia borealis to Artemisia campestris subsp. borealis
iNaturalist photographs, wild inat.photos.wild nothing to reportasked 2026-10-22from iNaturalist's open data of 2026-09-27: research-grade observations with an open-licence photograph, the 24 whose photographs iNaturalist received last (the open data holds no votes); filled 2026-10-22
iNaturalist photographs, cultivated inat.photos.cultivated not asked
GBIF media gbif.media answeredasked 2026-10-21
OpenAlex papers openalex not askednot yet asked for this reference; a later fill takes the papers from OpenAlex's snapshot

Every source is recorded as having answered, reported nothing, refused, failed, not been asked, or answered twice where one answer is taken (“not taken: two items answered”), and, for a source asked when this page was built, when: the figures are as the source held them that day; a source read from a file (Kew's World Checklist, a GBIF download) says "as of" the file's day instead; a row carried from an earlier build of the page names that build instead. Only “nothing to report” is ever shown as an absence. Records came from 122 datasets via GBIF.org; each carries its own licence.

Cultifolio

Opening your plants…