Baptisia sphaerocarpa, Brazoria National Wildlife Refuge, Freeport, TX, US

no rights reserved · observed growing wild · 2024-04-01

Baptisia sphaerocarpa Nutt.

Round Wild Indigo, Yellow Wild Indigo, green wild indigo, yellow wild indigo

Climate known 40 photographs

Every figure on this page is derived from public data by a stated rule and says its source; nothing here is written by a person or a model, except the Wikipedia passage, which is quoted and marked as such. How it is made.

Summary

Baptisia sphaerocarpa is a herbaceous perennial plant in the family Fabaceae. It is native to southern North America.

Text from Wikipedia, “Baptisia sphaerocarpa”, CC BY-SA 4.0, quoted as written. Kept separate from everything derived here.

About the genus · Baptisia

Baptisia is a genus in the legume family, Fabaceae. They are flowering herbaceous perennial plants with pea-like flowers, followed by pods, which are sometimes inflated. They are native to woodland and grassland in eastern and southern North America. More on Wikipedia ›

The opening of Wikipedia, “Baptisia”, CC BY-SA 4.0, quoted as written.

Family

Fabaceae

Described by

Nutt.

Native to

Missouri, Oklahoma, Texas +2

Wild records

709 in range· 235 open

At a glance

Warmest month

33°C

Aug, mean day; nights 24 °C (CHELSA)

Rain

1275mm/yr

12 wet months · peak May 135 mm (CHELSA)

Light

16–41DLI

mol/m²/day, winter to summer, open sky (CHELSA shortwave)

In short condensed by rule from the cultivation cards · not written by a person

Rain rule: no season, 70% of the rain takes 8 months (March, May to July and September to December in the northern hemisphere). Habitat rain 1275 mm a year, wettest May at 135 mm, driest August at 83 mm (habitat calendar, northern hemisphere). Open sky over the habitat: 16 to 41 mol/m²/day. Cold floor -5.1 °C (1st-percentile habitat night, NASA POWER).

Each sentence is one card's own one-line form, written by the same rule as the card (Its year, Rain, Light, Temperature); the note cannot say what a card does not. Months are given for the northern hemisphere (set your site in Settings to change this), and the habitat's own alongside. The cards · the figures.

Also known as Baptisia viridis Larisey.

Cultivation

Its year Rain rule: no season, 70% of the rain takes 8 months (March, May to July and September to December in the northern hemisphere).

This species’ habitat figures, and what two fixed rules read from them.

The rain rule reads no season: 70% of the year's rain (923 mm of 1275 mm) takes 8 months, March, May to July and September to December. Mean temperature moves 19.0 °C between the warmest and coldest month. Months are the habitat's, northern hemisphere; shifted six months for a southern-hemisphere collection: November to January, March to June and September.

Read from the median year of CHELSA monthly rainfall and mean temperature across the envelope cells: the rain rule takes the smallest set of months carrying 70% of the rain and calls it winter when its mean is more than half a degree below the year's, summer when more than that above, and neither in between; the temperature rule, used only under 120 mm, names the cooler six months when they are at least a degree cooler than the other six. Months are shifted for the other hemisphere only where the temperature curve gives a season to reverse. A reading of the curves, not an observation of the plant.

Rain Habitat rain 1275 mm a year, wettest May at 135 mm, driest August at 83 mm (habitat calendar, northern hemisphere).

This species’ habitat figures, with their source.

1275 mm a year at the habitat, 923 mm of it March, May to July and September to December. Wettest month May at 135 mm, driest August at 83 mm. Across the envelope cells the year's total runs 1037 mm to 1600 mm (10th to 90th percentile of each cell's own year) (median year across the envelope cells, CHELSA; habitat calendar, northern hemisphere).

CHELSA monthly precipitation, median year across the envelope cells. The rain that falls where the species is recorded; nothing about how the plant takes water.

Light Open sky over the habitat: 16 to 41 mol/m²/day.

This species’ habitat figures, with their source.

Open sky over the habitat: 16 to 41 mol/m²/day across the year (daily light integral, median year across the envelope cells, CHELSA; the lowest 10th-percentile month across the cells is 15, the highest 90th-percentile month 43).

CHELSA shortwave radiation at each envelope cell, a daily-mean flux taken to a daily total and converted at 2.07 mol of PAR per MJ. The sky over the habitat, measured; what reaches a plant under a rock, a shrub or a shade cloth is not.

Warmth and air Cold floor -5.1 °C (1st-percentile habitat night, NASA POWER).

This species’ habitat figures, with their source.

Temperature

Coldest: the 1st-percentile night over 44 years at the typical cell is -5.1 °C, the absolute minimum -16.7 °C, about 27 frost nights a year (NASA POWER daily minima). Warmest: the 99th-percentile day is 41.4 °C. Monthly means: coldest night 5.2 °C in January (across the envelope cells 0.3 °C to 9.0 °C), warmest day 33.2 °C in August (median year across the envelope cells, CHELSA). Cold floor: -5.1 °C, which is the 1st-percentile night over 44 years at the typical cell (NASA POWER).

NASA POWER daily minima and maxima 1981–2024 at the typical cell, lapse-corrected to its elevation; CHELSA monthly means, median year across the envelope cells, CHELSA. The cold floor is the figure named in its sentence. Not a measured survival limit for any plant in a pot.

Humidity

Relative humidity at the habitat: 57 to 60% across the year (monthly means, median year across the envelope cells, CHELSA). A figure about the air, saying nothing about how the plant takes water.

CHELSA relative humidity, median year across the envelope cells.

The figures the cards read from are in Climate below, and where they came from in Natural habitat.

Climate across the habitat

day night rain 10th–90th percentile across 320 habitat cells cold quarter: the three months around the coldest night extremes over 44 years at the typical cell, marked at the edge: undated DLI, mol/m²/dayRH %each on its own scale

Figures by month

	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec
Day °C	14 / 10–18	16 / 13–19	20 / 18–22	24 / 22–26	28 / 26–29	31 / 30–32	33 / 31–34	33 / 31–34	30 / 29–31	25 / 23–27	20 / 16–22	15 / 11–18
Night °C	5 / 0–9	7 / 2–11	10 / 7–14	14 / 11–17	19 / 16–21	22 / 21–24	24 / 23–25	24 / 23–25	21 / 19–23	16 / 13–19	11 / 7–14	6 / 2–10
Rain mm	91 / 62–131	85 / 68–124	98 / 80–126	93 / 78–120	135 / 106–155	125 / 110–183	102 / 69–148	83 / 55–132	111 / 81–149	135 / 110–147	118 / 80–131	99 / 70–143
DLI	18 / 17–19	22 / 21–23	29 / 28–30	35 / 35–37	38 / 36–40	40 / 39–41	41 / 39–43	38 / 37–40	32 / 32–33	26 / 24–27	19 / 17–21	16 / 15–17
RH %	59 / 58–60	59 / 57–60	58 / 56–61	57 / 55–61	60 / 58–62	60 / 58–63	59 / 55–63	58 / 54–62	58 / 55–60	57 / 56–59	58 / 57–59	59 / 58–60

Each figure is the median across the 320 grid cells holding the 653 in-range records, with the 10th–90th percentile span across those cells after the slash where it differs. Extremes and elevation were read at the typical cell 1172:1657 (31.375, -97.125). Over 44 years there: absolute minimum -16.7 °C, 1st-percentile night -5.1 °C, 99th-percentile day 41.4 °C. Normals: CHELSA V2.1 1981–2010 climatology, 0.05° cells (each the mean of ~36 1 km pixels). Envelope: median and 10th–90th percentile of each month across the 320 distinct grid cells holding the 653 in-range records; extremes and elevation at the typical cell 1172:1657 (its coldest month's mean night nearest the median across cells); its position is the cell centre. Extremes: NASA POWER (MERRA-2) daily 1981–2024, cell 31.50_-96.875, lapse-corrected +2 m at 6.5 °C/km. Elevation: ETOPO 2022, 149 m (cell mean).

Natural habitat

Native range as published by WCVP; the marker is where the records are densest and decides nothing: the climate was read across every in-range record's cell, not at the marker.

Openly licensed records inside the range, framed on where they fall.

NativeMissouri, Oklahoma, Texas, Louisiana, Mississippi

Kew's description“perennial” · “temperate”· quoted from WCVP, RBG Kew (CC BY 4.0); not derived here

Map marker29.518, -95.457 · in the densest population, 551 records (78% of those in range)

Evidence usedThe map marker and the climate envelope rest on all 709 georeferenced records inside the native range; the map shows only the 235 openly licensed ones, which alone would put the marker 24 km away. 95 records outside the range (gardens, roadsides, misidentifications) ignored. 56 in-range records are placed to worse than 10 km and stay on the map but off the climate.

The map markerthe map marker: the openly licensed record nearest the middle of the densest 1° population inside the densest 2° block of the 709 in-range records; it decides nothing.

Photographs

Photographs: (c) Jaime González, some rights reserved (CC BY); (c) Haley Daniels, some rights reserved (CC BY) (3); (c) willingarden, some rights reserved (CC BY) (3); (c) hr_dragonfly, some rights reserved (CC BY).

Photographs: iNaturalist and Wikimedia Commons did not answer when this page was built; what is shown came from the sources that did.

Papers naming this species

Works whose title or abstract names Baptisia sphaerocarpa, most cited first, from OpenAlex (CC0). A mention, not a cultivation source: nothing on this page is drawn from them.

Sphaerobiosid, ein Isoflavonglykosid aus Baptisia sphaerocarpa

Heinz Rösler, Tom J. Mabry, Jacques Kagan (1965) · Chemische Berichte

THE COMPOSITION OF A HYBRIDIZING POPULATION OF BAPTISIA SPHAEROCARPA AND BAPTISIA LEUCOPHAEA

Karl P. Baetcke, Ralph E. Alston (1968) · Evolution

Über Isoflavonglykoside, VIII. Synthese von Sphaerobiosid, eines Isoflavonglykosids aus Baptisia sphaerocarpa

Hildebert Wagner, Ludwig Hörhammer, Walter Böhringer, Lóránd Farkas (1967) · Chemische Berichte

The Composition of a Hybridizing Population of Baptisia sphaerocarpa and Baptisia leucophaea

Karl P. Baetcke, Ralph E. Alston (1968) · Evolution

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