Blechnum orientale L.
English names not checked: Wikidata's common names were not read for this page.
Photographs not checked
iNaturalist and GBIF media were skipped (not asked) when this page was built. Not asked, or not answered, is not "none": nothing here claims there is none. Why the site says it this way.At a glance
- Jan
- Feb
- Mar
- Apr, shaded
- May, shaded
- Jun, shaded
- Jul, shaded
- Aug, shaded
- Sep, shaded
- Oct, shaded
- Nov
- Dec
Summary
Blechnopsis orientalis is a species of fern. Found growing naturally in many parts of the world, such as India, China, South-east Asia to northern Australia. The often published name Blechnum orientale is now considered by many authorities as a synonym of Blechnopsis orientalis.
Quoted from Wikipedia, "Blechnopsis orientalis", CC BY-SA 4.0; its title is one of this species' older names (GBIF Backbone), which is the proof that the article is this species'.
Cultivation
Grouped as a fern or moss, listed under the genus Blechnum in the archetype table, and Kew describes it as “perennial”.
Seasons
The rain rule reads a summer growing season: 70% of the median year's rain (2,053 mm of 2,677 mm) falls in April to October, warmer than the year (wet-season mean 25.2 °C against a yearly mean of 22.1 °C). Months are the habitat's, northern hemisphere; shifted six months for a southern-hemisphere collection: October to April.
Rain
2,677 mm in the median year at the habitat, 2,053 mm of it April to October. Wettest month June at 362 mm, driest month December at 77 mm. Across the grid cells of the range the year's total runs 1,981 mm to 4,328 mm, the 10th to 90th percentile of each cell's own year. The median of the cells' own yearly totals, 2,851 mm, is the year's rain at the top of the page; the 2,677 mm here is the median year's, the twelve monthly medians added, which the rain rule reads. Habitat calendar, northern hemisphere; median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA.
Light
Open sky over the habitat: 21 to 35 mol/m²/day across the year (daily light integral, median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA; the lowest 10th-percentile month across the cells is 14, the highest 90th-percentile month 38).
Warmth and air
Coldest: the 1st-percentile night over 44 years at a typical spot in the range is 6.4 °C, the absolute minimum 2.4 °C, no frost in 44 years (NASA POWER daily minima). Warmest: the 99th-percentile day is 30.6 °C. Monthly means: the coldest month's mean nightly low 12.4 °C in January (across the grid cells of the range 7.9 °C to 22.7 °C), the warmest month's mean daily high 28.7 °C in July (median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA). Cold floor: 6.4 °C, which is the 1st-percentile night over 44 years at a typical spot in the range (NASA POWER).
Relative humidity at the habitat: 63 to 68% across the year (monthly means, median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA). A figure about the air, saying nothing about how the plant takes water.
How this section is made
Each card states this species' habitat figures with their sources, and what two fixed rules read from them; nothing here says what the plant does, wants or tolerates. The rules · the terms.
Seasons. Read from the median year of CHELSA monthly rainfall and mean temperature across the grid cells of the range: the rain rule takes the smallest set of months carrying 70% of the rain and calls it winter when its mean is more than half a degree below the year's, summer when more than that above, and neither in between; the temperature rule, used only under 120 mm, names the cooler six months when they are at least a degree cooler than the other six. Months are shifted for the other hemisphere only where the temperature curve moves 4 °C or more and the habitat lies 10° or more from the equator. A reading of the curves, not an observation of the plant.
Rain. CHELSA monthly precipitation, median year across the grid cells of the range. The rain that falls where the species is recorded; nothing about how the plant takes water.
Light. CHELSA shortwave radiation at each envelope cell, a daily-mean flux taken to a daily total and converted at 2.07 mol of PAR per MJ. The sky over the habitat, measured; what reaches a plant under a rock, a shrub or a shade cloth is not.
Temperature. NASA POWER daily minima and maxima over 44 years at a typical spot in the range, lapse-corrected +237 m to its elevation; CHELSA monthly means, median year across the grid cells of the range. The cold floor is the 1st-percentile night named in its sentence. Not a measured survival limit for any plant in a pot.
Humidity. CHELSA relative humidity, median year across the grid cells of the range.
Group. Listed under the genus Blechnum in the archetype table, and Kew describes it as “perennial”. A group is taken only where Kew's description of the species agrees with the table's listing. The table gives no figure and no prose; the cold floor is the habitat's alone.
Climate across the habitat
Habitat months, northern hemisphere
Mean daily high from 18 °C in Jan to 29 °C in Jul and Aug; mean nightly low from 12 °C in Jan to 25 °C in Jul. The cold quarter, Dec to Feb, is the three months around the coldest month's mean nightly low. 2,677 mm of rain in the median year (the twelve monthly medians added), the wettest month Jun. The bands show the 10th to 90th percentile across 361 habitat cells. Over 44 years at a typical spot in the range (NASA POWER) the absolute minimum was 2.4 °C and the 99th-percentile day 30.6 °C; neither is dated to a month. Beneath: daily light integral and relative humidity through the year, each on its own scale.
Figures by month
| Figure | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Day °C | 18 / 15–28 | 19 / 15–28 | 21 / 18–28 | 24 / 21–28 | 27 / 24–29 | 28 / 25–29 | 29 / 25–31 | 29 / 25–31 | 27 / 25–29 | 26 / 22–28 | 23 / 19–28 | 19 / 16–27 |
| Night °C | 12 / 8–23 | 14 / 9–23 | 16 / 11–24 | 19 / 15–24 | 21 / 18–25 | 24 / 19–26 | 25 / 19–26 | 24 / 19–26 | 23 / 18–25 | 21 / 16–24 | 17 / 13–23 | 14 / 9–23 |
| Rain mm | 89 / 23–302 | 147 / 44–339 | 180 / 64–298 | 206 / 113–302 | 299 / 202–382 | 362 / 203–514 | 297 / 168–513 | 349 / 172–556 | 326 / 136–603 | 214 / 67–500 | 131 / 43–430 | 77 / 26–332 |
| DLI | 21 / 14–33 | 21 / 16–36 | 26 / 20–37 | 30 / 26–37 | 31 / 28–35 | 32 / 28–34 | 35 / 30–38 | 33 / 30–36 | 30 / 27–34 | 28 / 22–33 | 24 / 17–31 | 21 / 14–31 |
| RH % | 64 / 59–72 | 65 / 61–72 | 66 / 62–71 | 67 / 63–72 | 68 / 64–72 | 68 / 64–72 | 67 / 63–72 | 68 / 64–72 | 67 / 64–71 | 65 / 60–71 | 64 / 58–72 | 63 / 57–72 |
Records on both sides of the equator: the 205 cells at least 10° south of it have seasons six months apart and are left out, not combined into a year no place has. These figures are across the 361 cells that remain: the 289 at least 10° north and the 72 within 10° of the equator, which stay in either way.
How this section is made
Natural habitat
This species has no GBIF key of its own. Its records are GBIF's under the key of the name Kew's World Checklist holds as this plant: 4079429 (Blechnopsis orientalis (L.) C.Presl, 1997 records). No name was matched to GBIF; the keys are read from Kew's synonymy. How.
How this section is made
Photographs
Related
Similar habitat climate The 6 nearest by mean daily high, mean nightly low and rain, month by month. How.
Macrothelypteris torresiana Swordfern Photo: CC0, author not stated
Bridelia balansae Phyllanthaceae Photo: CC BY, Zheng-An Wang
Bambusa oldhamii Oldham's bamboo Photo: CC BY-SA, 許文俊
Cyrtococcum patens Broad-leaved bowgrass Photo: CC BY, chiuluan
Scleria terrestris Cyperaceae Photo: CC BY, Bella Lin
Ficus ampelos Moraceae Photo: CC BY, 黃美滿Other Blechnum 52 in the reference
Blechnum appendiculatum Palm fern Photo: CC0, author not stated Blechnum attenuatum Aspleniaceae Blechnum auratum Aspleniaceae 
Blechnum australe Southern Deer Fern Photo: CC BY, Elias
Blechnum brasiliense Aspleniaceae Photo: CC BY-SA, Valérie75 Blechnum capense Aspleniaceae 
Blechnum cartilagineum Aspleniaceae Photo: CC BY-SA, Mark Marathon
Blechnum chambersii Aspleniaceae Photo: CC BY-SA, Rudolph89
Blechnum chilense Aspleniaceae Photo: CC BY, Krzysztof Ziarnek, Kenraiz
Blechnum colensoi Aspleniaceae Photo: CC BY-SA, Rudolph89
Blechnum cordatum Aspleniaceae Photo: CC BY-SA, Len Worthington Blechnum cyatheoides Aspleniaceae all 53 ›Names & registers
Also known as Blechnum orientale var. cristatum; Asplenium orientale; Blechnum nitidum; Blechnopsis adnata; Blechnopsis elongata and 42 more. (WCVP, RBG Kew)
The record
Every figure here is derived from public data by a stated rule and names its source; nothing about this species is written for its page by a person or by AI, apart from the marked, credited quotations. How →
Where this page came from built 2026-10-22
kew.names answeredas of 2026-06-04Kew's entry Blechnum orientale L. (plant_name_id 3194673), read from Kew's names filegbif.species not askedGBIF's backbone holds no one accepted species of this name, and a name it holds only as another species' synonym is not taken for this one, so GBIF's records were not askedgbif.synonyms not askedGBIF's backbone holds no one accepted species of this name, and a name it holds only as another species' synonym is not taken for this one, so GBIF's records were not askedgbif.vernacular not askedGBIF's backbone holds no one accepted species of this name, and a name it holds only as another species' synonym is not taken for this one, so GBIF's records were not askedwcvp.distribution answeredas of 2026-06-04gbif.occurrences answeredas of 2026-10-21this species has no GBIF key of its own; its records are read under GBIF's keys for the names Kew's file holds as this plant, never by a name matched; GBIF occurrence download https://doi.org/10.15468/dl.hbdw64, of 2026-10-21; 1997 records of GBIF's key 4079429, Blechnopsis orientalis (L.) C.Presl (Kew's file holds it as Blechnopsis orientalis (L.) C.Presl (synonym under Blechnum orientale L.)): the GBIF download; 33 records within 1 km of a botanic garden, herbarium or zoo left out (19 at a botanic garden or arboretum, 9 at a herbarium, 5 at a zoo; Wikidata's list)climate answeredasked 2026-10-22climate.extremes answeredasked 2026-10-22NASA POWER (MERRA-2) daily 1981–2024, cell 22.50_113.750, lapse-corrected +237 m at 6.5 °C/kmwikidata answeredasked 2026-10-22found by Kew's IPNI identifier 17059900-1, POWO 17059900-1wikipedia answeredasked 2026-10-22inat.photos.wild not askedinat.photos.cultivated not askedgbif.media not askedGBIF's backbone holds no one accepted species of this name, and a name it holds only as another species' synonym is not taken for this one, so GBIF's records were not askedcommons nothing to reportasked 2026-10-22openalex not askednot yet asked for this reference; a later fill takes the papers from OpenAlex's snapshotEvery source is recorded as having answered, reported nothing, refused, failed, not been asked, or answered twice where one answer is taken (“not taken: two items answered”), and, for a source asked when this page was built, when: the figures are as the source held them that day; a source read from a file (Kew's World Checklist, a GBIF download) says "as of" the file's day instead; a row carried from an earlier build of the page names that build instead. Only “nothing to report” is ever shown as an absence. Records came from 78 datasets via GBIF.org; each carries its own licence.