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Coccoloba gigantifolia; photograph A-G and I-K: C.A. Cid Ferreira and R. Gribel, H: E. Melo, CC BY 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons CC BYA-G and I-K: C.A. Cid Ferreira and R. Gribel, H: E. Melo, CC BY 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons

Coccoloba gigantifolia E.Melo, C.A.Cid Ferreira & Gribel

Polygonaceae · Brazil North

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Coccoloba gigantifolia, photograph Rogério Gribel, CC BY 4.0, via Wikimedia CommonsCoccoloba gigantifolia, photograph Gabrielly Delamarche, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons 3 photographs ›
Habitat figuresfrom few records
Cold floor (1 night in 100)
22.5°C
Record low 18.3 °C in 44 years, at a typical spot in the range NASA POWER
Warmest month, mean daily high
31°C
Sep and Oct at the habitat CHELSA
Rain a year (median across the range)
2,469mm
12 months of 25 mm or more in the median year CHELSA
Open-sky light
25–35DLI
Lowest to highest month (DLI) CHELSA
The year in the habitat's months, not shifted
  1. Jan
  2. Feb
  3. Mar
  4. Apr
  5. May
  6. Jun
  7. Jul
  8. Aug
  9. Sep
  10. Oct
  11. Nov
  12. Dec
A sharp rainy season, November to May (the habitat's months, not shifted), in a year of even temperature. rain rule, CHELSA
Not shifted: the shift rule does not apply to this habitat. The chart is in the habitat's months.

From few records: 5 records in 4 grid cells. The records.

Summary

Coccoloba gigantifolia is a species of flowering plant in the knotweed family Polygonaceae. It is endemic to the Madeira River Basin in the states of Amazonas and Rondônia in the central and southwestern Brazilian Amazon. This species resembles that of Coccoloba mollis but differs in that it has much larger leaves in its fertile branches.

Quoted from Wikipedia, "Coccoloba gigantifolia", CC BY-SA 4.0.

Cultivation

Seasons

The rain rule reads a sharp season: 70% of the median year's rain (1,874 mm of 2,435 mm) falls in November to May. The temperature curve is flat, 1.5 °C between the warmest and coldest month, so the growing-season rule does not infer a growing season from it. Months are the habitat's, southern hemisphere. The habitat lies within 10° of the equator, where the shift rule does not apply, so they are not shifted for a collection elsewhere.

Rain

2,435 mm in the median year at the habitat, 1,874 mm of it November to May. Wettest month March at 304 mm, driest months (2 at 92 mm). Across the grid cells of the range the year's total runs 2,358 mm to 2,591 mm, the 10th to 90th percentile of each cell's own year. The median of the cells' own yearly totals, 2,469 mm, is the year's rain at the top of the page; the 2,435 mm here is the median year's, the twelve monthly medians added, which the rain rule reads. Habitat calendar, southern hemisphere; median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA.

Light

Open sky over the habitat: 25 to 35 mol/m²/day across the year (daily light integral, median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA).

Warmth and air
Temperature

Coldest: the 1st-percentile night over 44 years at a typical spot in the range is 22.5 °C, the absolute minimum 18.3 °C, no frost in 44 years (NASA POWER daily minima). Warmest: the 99th-percentile day is 38.0 °C. Monthly means: the coldest month's mean nightly low 23.0 °C in July (across the grid cells of the range 22.3 °C to 23.4 °C), the warmest month's mean daily high 30.8 °C in October (median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA). Cold floor: 22.5 °C, which is the 1st-percentile night over 44 years at a typical spot in the range (NASA POWER).

Humidity

Relative humidity at the habitat: 67 to 71% across the year (monthly means, median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA). A figure about the air, saying nothing about how the plant takes water.

How this section is made

Each card states this species' habitat figures with their sources, and what two fixed rules read from them; nothing here says what the plant does, wants or tolerates. The rules · the terms.

Seasons. Read from the median year of CHELSA monthly rainfall and mean temperature across the grid cells of the range: the rain rule takes the smallest set of months carrying 70% of the rain and calls it winter when its mean is more than half a degree below the year's, summer when more than that above, and neither in between; the temperature rule, used only under 120 mm, names the cooler six months when they are at least a degree cooler than the other six. Months are shifted for the other hemisphere only where the temperature curve moves 4 °C or more and the habitat lies 10° or more from the equator. A reading of the curves, not an observation of the plant.

Rain. CHELSA monthly precipitation, median year across the grid cells of the range. The rain that falls where the species is recorded; nothing about how the plant takes water.

Light. CHELSA shortwave radiation at each envelope cell, a daily-mean flux taken to a daily total and converted at 2.07 mol of PAR per MJ. The sky over the habitat, measured; what reaches a plant under a rock, a shrub or a shade cloth is not.

Temperature. NASA POWER daily minima and maxima over 44 years at a typical spot in the range, lapse-corrected +20 m to its elevation; CHELSA monthly means, median year across the grid cells of the range. The cold floor is the 1st-percentile night named in its sentence. Not a measured survival limit for any plant in a pot.

Humidity. CHELSA relative humidity, median year across the grid cells of the range.

Climate across the habitat

From few records: this habitat climate is read from 5 records in 4 grid cells; a page says so under 12 records or 5 cells, and shows the figures as read.

Habitat months, southern hemisphere

Habitat climate of Coccoloba gigantifolia through the yearWarmest months September and October, mean daily high 31 °C; coldest month July, mean nightly low 23.0 °C; 2,435 mm of rain in the median year (the twelve monthly medians added). Medians across the range, from CHELSA; the extremes at the edge from NASA POWER. Habitat months, southern hemisphere.15°20°25°30°35°40°38.0° 99th-percentile day, NASA POWER18.3° lowest night in 44 years, NASA POWER°C · day and nightcold quarter0100200300400mm rainDLI 25–35RH 67–71%JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
day night rain medians and 10th–90th percentile across 4 habitat cells, CHELSA cold quarter: the three months around the coldest month's mean nightly low extremes over 44 years at a typical spot in the range, from NASA POWER, marked at the edge, in no month DLI, mol/m²/dayRH %each on its own scale
Figures by month
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Day °C29 / 28–2929 / 28–2929 / 29–2929 / 29–2929 / 28–2929 / 28–2929 / 29–2930 / 30–3031 / 30–3131 / 30–3130 / 30–3029 / 29–29
Night °C24 / 23–2424 / 23–2424 / 23–2424 / 23–2424 / 23–2423 / 23–2423 / 22–2324 / 23–2424 / 23–2424 / 23–2524 / 23–2524 / 23–24
Rain mm286 / 261–295283 / 262–292304 / 293–311303 / 289–343263 / 250–305141 / 136–19092 / 89–12592 / 87–119108 / 102–122128 / 120–134185 / 175–195250 / 228–258
DLI27 / 27–2827 / 27–2827 / 27–2825 / 25–2625 / 25–2527 / 27–2730 / 30–3033 / 33–3334 / 34–3535 / 35–3533 / 32–3328 / 28–28
RH %70 / 69–7070 / 69–707071 / 70–7271 / 70–7269 / 69–7068 / 67–6967 / 66–686767 / 66–676869 / 69–70
How this section is made
Each figure is the median across the 4 grid cells holding the 5 in-range records, with the 10th–90th percentile span across those cells after the slash where it differs. A dash is a month one or more of those cells has no figure for in the grid (a variable CHELSA does not carry there), so no median is taken rather than one over fewer cells. Extremes and elevation were read at a typical spot in the range, cell 1860:2401 (-3.025, -59.925). Over 44 years there: absolute minimum 18.3 °C, 1st-percentile night 22.5 °C, 99th-percentile day 38.0 °C. Normals: CHELSA V2.1 1981–2010 climatology, 0.05° cells (each the mean of ~36 1 km pixels). Across the range: median and 10th–90th percentile of each month across the 4 distinct grid cells holding 5 of the 5 in-range records; extremes and elevation at the typical cell 1860:2401 (its coldest month's mean nightly low nearest the median across cells); its position is the cell centre. Extremes: NASA POWER (MERRA-2) daily 1981–2024, cell -3.00_-60.000, lapse-corrected +20 m at 6.5 °C/km. Elevation: ETOPO 2022, 71 m (cell mean).

Natural habitat

Native range as published by WCVP; the marker is where the records are densest and decides nothing: the climate was read across the cells of the in-range records placed well enough to read one, not at the marker.
Openly licensed records inside the range, framed on where they fall.
NativeBrazil North · regions are the level-3 units of the World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, as Kew's World Checklist records ranges, some under historical names such as Yugoslavia or Czechoslovakia (how).
Map marker-3.099, -59.985 · in the densest population, 5 records (71% of those in range)
Kew's description“tree” · “wet tropical” · quoted from WCVP, RBG Kew (CC BY 4.0); not derived here
Evidence usedThe map marker rests on all 7 georeferenced records inside the native range; the climate across the range on the 5 of them placed to within 10 km; the map shows only the 3 openly licensed ones, which alone would put the marker 5 km away. Under a dozen records behind the map and the climate. 2 in-range records are placed to worse than 10 km, or with no stated accuracy (admitted only as a person's observation to three decimals), and stay on the map but off the climate.
How this section is made
The map marker: the openly licensed record nearest the middle of the densest 1° population of the 7 in-range records; it decides nothing. Records outside the native range, living specimens and records marked introduced are not used; which records count.

Photographs

Coccoloba gigantifolia, photograph 1did not loadCoccoloba gigantifolia, photograph 2did not load

Photographs: Rogério Gribel, CC BY 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons; Gabrielly Delamarche, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons.

Similar habitat climate The 6 nearest by mean daily high, mean nightly low and rain, month by month. How.

Astrocaryum tucuma Astrocaryum tucuma Tucum palm Photo: CC BY, André AmbrozioPhilodendron tortum Philodendron tortum Araceae Photo: CC BY, portioid Philodendron goeldii Araceae Cenostigma tocantinum Cenostigma tocantinum Fabaceae Photo: CC BY-SA, Brenda O'GradyPseudobombax munguba Pseudobombax munguba Munguba Photo: CC BY, Fabrício Mil Homens RiellaTheobroma grandiflorum Theobroma grandiflorum Cupuaçu Photo: CC BY, Srinivasan Kasinathan

Other Coccoloba 16 in the reference

Coccoloba acuminata Coccoloba acuminata Polygonaceae Photo: CC BY, AitorCoccoloba alnifolia Coccoloba alnifolia Polygonaceae Photo: CC0, author not statedCoccoloba barbadensis Coccoloba barbadensis Polygonaceae Photo: CC BY, Douglas Caro LopezCoccoloba caracasana Coccoloba caracasana Polygonaceae Photo: CC BY, Alexis López HernándezCoccoloba diversifolia Coccoloba diversifolia Pigeon plum Photo: CC BY, Kaden Slone Coccoloba guaranitica Polygonaceae Coccoloba × hybrida Coccoloba × hybrida Polygonaceae Photo: CC BY, Sara PiotterCoccoloba krugii Coccoloba krugii Whitewood Photo: CC BY, Mario GuzmánCoccoloba latifolia Coccoloba latifolia Polygonaceae Photo: CC BY, fmunozCoccoloba microstachya Coccoloba microstachya Puckhout Photo: CC BY-SA, Kurt MillerCoccoloba peltata Coccoloba peltata Polygonaceae Photo: Public domain, DaderotCoccoloba pubescens Coccoloba pubescens Grandleaf seagrape Photo: CC BY, Matteo Bellucci all 17 ›

Names & registers

GBIFPOWOIPNIWikidataWikipediaiNaturalist

The record

Family
Polygonaceae
Described by
E.Melo, C.A.Cid Ferreira & Gribel
Native to
Brazil North
Wild records
7 in range · 3 open

Every figure here is derived from public data by a stated rule and names its source; nothing about this species is written for its page by a person or by AI, apart from the marked, credited quotations. How →

Where this page came from built 2026-10-21
GBIF species record gbif.species answeredasked 2026-10-21
GBIF synonyms gbif.synonyms answeredasked 2026-10-21
GBIF common names gbif.vernacular answeredasked 2026-10-21names fetched 2026-10-21
WCVP native range wcvp.distribution answeredas of 2026-06-04
GBIF occurrence records gbif.occurrences answeredas of 2026-10-21GBIF occurrence download https://doi.org/10.15468/dl.hbdw64, of 2026-10-21
Habitat climate climate answeredasked 2026-10-21
Daily extremes (NASA POWER) climate.extremes answeredasked 2026-10-21NASA POWER (MERRA-2) daily 1981–2024, cell -3.00_-60.000, lapse-corrected +20 m at 6.5 °C/km
Wikidata wikidata answeredasked 2026-10-21
Wikipedia wikipedia answeredasked 2026-10-21
iNaturalist photographs, wild inat.photos.wild nothing to reportasked 2026-10-22from iNaturalist's open data of 2026-09-27: research-grade observations with an open-licence photograph, the 24 whose photographs iNaturalist received last (the open data holds no votes); filled 2026-10-22
iNaturalist photographs, cultivated inat.photos.cultivated not asked
GBIF media gbif.media nothing to reportasked 2026-10-21
Wikimedia Commons commons answeredasked 2026-10-21
OpenAlex papers openalex not askednot yet asked for this reference; a later fill takes the papers from OpenAlex's snapshot

Every source is recorded as having answered, reported nothing, refused, failed, not been asked, or answered twice where one answer is taken (“not taken: two items answered”), and, for a source asked when this page was built, when: the figures are as the source held them that day; a source read from a file (Kew's World Checklist, a GBIF download) says "as of" the file's day instead; a row carried from an earlier build of the page names that build instead. Only “nothing to report” is ever shown as an absence. Records came from 3 datasets via GBIF.org; each carries its own licence.

Cultifolio

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