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Columnea angustata; photograph (c) Oscar Marín, some rights reserved (CC BY-SA) CC BY-SA(c) Oscar Marín, some rights reserved (CC BY-SA) · observed growing wild · 2012-08-17

Columnea angustata (Wiehler) L.E.Skog

Gesneriaceae · Costa Rica, Panama +2 · listed by its genus as an epiphyte

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Columnea angustata, photograph (c) portioid, some rights reserved (CC BY)Columnea angustata, photograph (c) Skjold Søndergaard, some rights reserved (CC BY)Columnea angustata, photograph (c) Skjold Søndergaard, some rights reserved (CC BY)Columnea angustata, photograph (c) Skjold Søndergaard, some rights reserved (CC BY)Columnea angustata, photograph (c) Oscar Marín, some rights reserved (CC BY-SA)Columnea angustata, photograph (c) Oscar Marín, some rights reserved (CC BY-SA) 17 photographs ›
Habitat figures
Coldest month, mean nightly low
18.6°C
Jul at the habitat, not a floor; extremes not used (the weather cell's ground is too far off) CHELSA
Warmest month, mean daily high
26°C
Jan, Feb, Mar, Apr, May, Jun, Aug, Sep, Oct and Dec at the habitat CHELSA
Rain a year (median across the range)
4,564mm
12 months of 25 mm or more in the median year CHELSA
Open-sky light
22–28DLI
Lowest to highest month (DLI) CHELSA
The year in the habitat's months, not shifted
  1. Jan
  2. Feb
  3. Mar
  4. Apr
  5. May
  6. Jun
  7. Jul
  8. Aug
  9. Sep
  10. Oct
  11. Nov
  12. Dec
Rain spread: 70% of the median year's rain takes 8 months, so no short rainy season. rain rule, CHELSA
Not shifted: the shift rule does not apply to this habitat. The chart is in the habitat's months.

Cultivation

Grouped as an epiphyte, listed under the genus Columnea in the archetype table, and Kew describes it as “epiphyte”.

Seasons

The rain rule reads no short rainy season: 70% of the median year's rain (3,358 mm of 4,560 mm) takes 8 months, April to November. Mean temperature moves 0.8 °C between the warmest and coldest month. Months are the habitat's, northern hemisphere. The habitat lies within 10° of the equator, where the shift rule does not apply, so they are not shifted for a collection elsewhere.

Rain

4,560 mm in the median year at the habitat, 3,358 mm of it April to November. Wettest month May at 473 mm, driest month February at 268 mm. Across the grid cells of the range the year's total runs 3,045 mm to 6,944 mm, the 10th to 90th percentile of each cell's own year. The median of the cells' own yearly totals, 4,564 mm, is the year's rain at the top of the page; the 4,560 mm here is the median year's, the twelve monthly medians added, which the rain rule reads. Habitat calendar, northern hemisphere; median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA.

Light

Open sky over the habitat: 22 to 28 mol/m²/day across the year (daily light integral, median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA; the lowest 10th-percentile month across the cells is 19, the highest 90th-percentile month 36).

Warmth and air
Temperature

Monthly means: the coldest month's mean nightly low 18.6 °C in July (across the grid cells of the range 15.3 °C to 23.0 °C), the warmest month's mean daily high 26.4 °C in March (median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA). Cold floor: none read. The nearest figure is 18.6 °C, the coldest month's mean nightly low, July, in the median year (CHELSA); a month's mean of its nightly lows is warmer than the nights a floor is read from. The daily extremes were read at a weather cell whose ground is too far above or below the typical spot to correct for, and are not used.

Humidity

Relative humidity at the habitat: 70 to 72% across the year (monthly means, median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA). A figure about the air, saying nothing about how the plant takes water.

How this section is made

Each card states this species' habitat figures with their sources, and what two fixed rules read from them; nothing here says what the plant does, wants or tolerates. The rules · the terms.

Seasons. Read from the median year of CHELSA monthly rainfall and mean temperature across the grid cells of the range: the rain rule takes the smallest set of months carrying 70% of the rain and calls it winter when its mean is more than half a degree below the year's, summer when more than that above, and neither in between; the temperature rule, used only under 120 mm, names the cooler six months when they are at least a degree cooler than the other six. Months are shifted for the other hemisphere only where the temperature curve moves 4 °C or more and the habitat lies 10° or more from the equator. A reading of the curves, not an observation of the plant.

Rain. CHELSA monthly precipitation, median year across the grid cells of the range. The rain that falls where the species is recorded; nothing about how the plant takes water.

Light. CHELSA shortwave radiation at each envelope cell, a daily-mean flux taken to a daily total and converted at 2.07 mol of PAR per MJ. The sky over the habitat, measured; what reaches a plant under a rock, a shrub or a shade cloth is not.

Temperature. CHELSA monthly means, median year across the grid cells of the range. No cold floor is read without a daily extremes series; the coldest month's mean nightly low named in its sentence is not one. Not a measured survival limit for any plant in a pot.

Humidity. CHELSA relative humidity, median year across the grid cells of the range.

Group. Listed under the genus Columnea in the archetype table, and Kew describes it as “epiphyte”. A group is taken only where Kew's description of the species agrees with the table's listing. The table gives no figure and no prose; the cold floor is the habitat's alone.

Climate across the habitat

Habitat months, northern hemisphere

Habitat climate of Columnea angustata through the yearWarmest months January, February, March, April, May, June, August, September, October and December, mean daily high 26 °C; coldest month July, mean nightly low 18.6 °C; 4,560 mm of rain in the median year (the twelve monthly medians added). Medians across the range, from CHELSA. Habitat months, northern hemisphere.10°15°20°25°30°°C · day and nightcold quarter0200400600800mm rainDLI 22–28RH 70–72%JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
day night rain medians and 10th–90th percentile across 44 habitat cells, CHELSA cold quarter: the three months around the coldest month's mean nightly low DLI, mol/m²/dayRH %each on its own scale
Figures by month
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Day °C26 / 22–2826 / 22–2826 / 22–2826 / 22–2826 / 22–2826 / 22–2725 / 22–2726 / 22–2726 / 22–2726 / 22–2725 / 21–2726 / 21–27
Night °C20 / 15–2320 / 15–2320 / 16–2320 / 16–2420 / 16–2319 / 16–2319 / 15–2319 / 15–2319 / 15–2320 / 16–2320 / 16–2320 / 15–23
Rain mm304 / 164–548268 / 166–531330 / 209–551410 / 316–675473 / 277–701419 / 152–612386 / 110–645354 / 84–727433 / 138–632464 / 130–711419 / 153–636300 / 207–608
DLI26 / 21–3327 / 23–3428 / 24–3526 / 22–3423 / 21–3122 / 19–3324 / 19–3626 / 20–3626 / 20–3623 / 20–3524 / 19–3225 / 19–31
RH %70 / 65–7570 / 64–7670 / 65–7571 / 65–7571 / 66–7671 / 65–7670 / 62–7570 / 62–7570 / 63–7672 / 65–7672 / 66–7671 / 66–75

The daily extremes were not used: the correction for elevation, -1861 m, is beyond the 1,000 m either way that a lapse rate is applied over, so the weather cell's ground is other terrain than the typical spot's. So no cold floor is read for this species, and the coldest month's mean nightly low is not taken as one. What that cell gave, so corrected, over 44 years: absolute minimum 14.6 °C, 1st-percentile night 18.1 °C.

How this section is made
Each figure is the median across the 44 grid cells holding the 49 in-range records, with the 10th–90th percentile span across those cells after the slash where it differs. A dash is a month one or more of those cells has no figure for in the grid (a variable CHELSA does not carry there), so no median is taken rather than one over fewer cells. Extremes and elevation were read at a typical spot in the range, cell 1824:2042 (-1.225, -77.875). Normals: CHELSA V2.1 1981–2010 climatology, 0.05° cells (each the mean of ~36 1 km pixels). Across the range: median and 10th–90th percentile of each month across the 44 distinct grid cells holding 49 of the 49 in-range records; extremes and elevation at the typical cell 1824:2042 (its coldest month's mean nightly low nearest the median across cells); its position is the cell centre. Extremes: NASA POWER (MERRA-2) daily 1981–2024, cell -1.00_-78.125, lapse-corrected -1861 m at 6.5 °C/km. Elevation: ETOPO 2022, 634 m (cell mean).

Natural habitat

Native range as published by WCVP; the marker is where the records are densest and decides nothing: the climate was read across the cells of the in-range records placed well enough to read one, not at the marker.
Openly licensed records inside the range, framed on where they fall.
NativeCosta Rica, Panama, Colombia, Ecuador · regions are the level-3 units of the World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, as Kew's World Checklist records ranges, some under historical names such as Yugoslavia or Czechoslovakia (how).
Map marker0.817, -78.833 · in the densest population, 120 records (48% of those in range)
Kew's description“epiphyte” · “wet tropical” · quoted from WCVP, RBG Kew (CC BY 4.0); not derived here
Evidence usedThe map marker rests on all 252 georeferenced records inside the native range; the climate across the range on the 49 of them placed to within 10 km; the map shows only the 226 openly licensed ones, which alone would put the marker 6 km away. 1 record outside the WCVP native range not used. 203 in-range records are placed to worse than 10 km, or with no stated accuracy (admitted only as a person's observation to three decimals), and stay on the map but off the climate.
How this section is made
The map marker: the openly licensed record nearest the middle of the densest 1° population of the 252 in-range records; it decides nothing. Records outside the native range, living specimens and records marked introduced are not used; which records count.

Photographs

Columnea angustata, photograph 1did not loadColumnea angustata, photograph 2did not loadColumnea angustata, photograph 3did not loadColumnea angustata, photograph 4did not loadColumnea angustata, photograph 5did not loadColumnea angustata, photograph 6did not load

Photographs: (c) portioid, some rights reserved (CC BY); (c) Skjold Søndergaard, some rights reserved (CC BY) (3); (c) Oscar Marín, some rights reserved (CC BY-SA) (2).

Similar habitat climate The 6 nearest by mean daily high, mean nightly low and rain, month by month. How.

Monolena primuliflora Monolena primuliflora Melastomataceae Photo: CC BY, Thomaz de Carvalho CalladoPhilodendron pastazanum Philodendron pastazanum Araceae Photo: CC BY, Tom FieldHeliconia vellerigera Heliconia vellerigera Kitty kat heliconia Photo: CC0, author not statedDrynaria drynarioides Drynaria drynarioides Polypodiaceae Photo: CC BY, Cheongweei GanCattleya iricolor Cattleya iricolor Orchidaceae Photo: CC BY-SA, Alvarez Rosa Pleurothallis tridentata Orchidaceae

Other Columnea 30 in the reference

Columnea allenii Gesneriaceae Columnea ambigua Columnea ambigua Tibey de cresta Photo: CC BY, Alex Doyle Columnea arguta Gesneriaceae Columnea brenneri Columnea brenneri Gesneriaceae Photo: CC BY, Nolan ExeColumnea consanguinea Columnea consanguinea Blood of Christ Photo: CC0, author not statedColumnea crassifolia Columnea crassifolia Gesneriaceae Photo: CC BY-SA, Krzysztof Ziarnek, KenraizColumnea dimidiata Columnea dimidiata Gesneriaceae Photo: CC BY, Daniel MesaColumnea eburnea Columnea eburnea Gesneriaceae Photo: CC BY, Nolan ExeColumnea erythrophaea Columnea erythrophaea Gesneriaceae Photo: CC BY-SA, Matteo CassellaColumnea glabra Columnea glabra Gesneriaceae Photo: CC BY, Zac Peterson Columnea hirsutissima Gesneriaceae Columnea hirta Columnea hirta Gesneriaceae Photo: CC BY, naturalist charlie all 31 ›

Names & registers

Also known as Columnea ecuadorana; Columnea sericea; Pentadenia angustata; Pentadenia ecuadorana; Pentadenia lutea and 1 more. (GBIF Backbone)

GBIFPOWOIPNIWFOWikidataiNaturalist

The record

Family
Gesneriaceae
Described by
(Wiehler) L.E.Skog
Native to
Costa Rica, Panama, Colombia +1
Wild records
252 in range · 226 open

Every figure here is derived from public data by a stated rule and names its source; nothing about this species is written for its page by a person or by AI, apart from the marked, credited quotations. How →

Where this page came from built 2026-10-21
GBIF species record gbif.species answeredasked 2026-10-21
GBIF synonyms gbif.synonyms answeredasked 2026-10-21
GBIF common names gbif.vernacular answeredasked 2026-10-21names fetched 2026-10-21
WCVP native range wcvp.distribution answeredas of 2026-06-04
GBIF occurrence records gbif.occurrences answeredas of 2026-10-21GBIF occurrence download https://doi.org/10.15468/dl.hbdw64, of 2026-10-21; 1 record within 1 km of a botanic garden, herbarium or zoo left out (1 at a botanic garden or arboretum; Wikidata's list)
Habitat climate climate answeredasked 2026-10-21
Daily extremes (NASA POWER) climate.extremes answeredasked 2026-10-21NASA POWER (MERRA-2) daily 1981–2024, cell -1.00_-78.125, lapse-corrected -1861 m at 6.5 °C/km; read, and set aside: the correction for elevation, -1861 m, is beyond the 1,000 m either way that a lapse rate is applied over, so the weather cell's ground is other terrain than the typical spot's, so no cold floor is shown
Wikidata wikidata answeredasked 2026-10-21
Wikipedia wikipedia nothing to reportasked 2026-10-21
iNaturalist photographs, wild inat.photos.wild answeredasked 2026-10-22from iNaturalist's open data of 2026-09-27: research-grade observations with an open-licence photograph, the 24 whose photographs iNaturalist received last (the open data holds no votes); filled 2026-10-22
iNaturalist photographs, cultivated inat.photos.cultivated not asked
GBIF media gbif.media answeredasked 2026-10-21none of the photographs on this page is credited to GBIF: those shown are other sources', and GBIF's were the same photographs or were set aside by the photograph rules
Wikimedia Commons commons answeredasked 2026-10-21
OpenAlex papers openalex not askednot yet asked for this reference; a later fill takes the papers from OpenAlex's snapshot

Every source is recorded as having answered, reported nothing, refused, failed, not been asked, or answered twice where one answer is taken (“not taken: two items answered”), and, for a source asked when this page was built, when: the figures are as the source held them that day; a source read from a file (Kew's World Checklist, a GBIF download) says "as of" the file's day instead; a row carried from an earlier build of the page names that build instead. Only “nothing to report” is ever shown as an absence. Records came from 30 datasets via GBIF.org; each carries its own licence.

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