Species
+

Commiphora marlothii Engl.

Paper Tree, Paper-Barked Corkwood, Paperbark Commiphora, Paperbark Corkwood

Climate known 70 photographs Cactus or succulent
Add one to my plants Sow seed

Every figure on this page is derived from public data by a stated rule and says its source; nothing here is written by a person or a model, except the Wikipedia passage, which is quoted and marked as such. How it is made.

About the genus · Commiphora

Commiphora is the most species-rich genus of flowering plants in the frankincense and myrrh family, Burseraceae. The genus contains approximately 190 species of shrubs and trees, which are distributed throughout the (sub-) tropical regions of Africa, the western Indian Ocean islands, the Arabian Peninsula, India, and South America. The genus is drought-tolerant and common throughout the xerophytic scrub, seasonally dry tropical forests, and woodlands of these regions.

Text from Wikipedia, “Commiphora”, CC BY-SA 4.0, quoted as written.

Family
Burseraceae
Described by
Engl.
Native to
Zaïre, Zambia, Zimbabwe +2
Wild records
218 in range· 90 open

At a glance

Warmest month
29°C
Jan, mean day; nights 19 °C (CHELSA)
Rain
556mm/yr
7 wet months · peak Jan 111 mm (CHELSA)
Light
26–42DLI
mol/m²/day, winter to summer, open sky (CHELSA shortwave)
In short condensed by rule from the cultivation cards · not written by a person
Grouped as a cactus or succulent by the genus Commiphora, which is reliably one kind of plant (archetype table). Rain rule: a summer growing season, May to September in the northern hemisphere (November to March at the habitat, southern). Habitat rain 556 mm a year, wettest January at 111 mm, driest July at 3 mm (habitat calendar, southern hemisphere). Open sky over the habitat: 26 to 42 mol/m²/day. Cold floor 4.2 °C (1st-percentile habitat night, NASA POWER).
Each sentence is one card's own one-line form, written by the same rule as the card (Its year, Rain, Light, Temperature); the note cannot say what a card does not. Months are given for the northern hemisphere (set your site in Settings to change this), and the habitat's own alongside. The cards · the figures.

Cultivation

Grouped as a cactus or succulent by the genus Commiphora, which is reliably one kind of plant (archetype table). The table holds no figure for this group, which spans too much for one minimum; the cold floor is the habitat's alone, and no prose comes from the table.

Its year Rain rule: a summer growing season, May to September in the northern hemisphere (November to March at the habitat, southern).

This species’ habitat figures, and what two fixed rules read from them.

The rain rule reads a summer growing season: 70% of the year's rain (457 mm of 556 mm) falls in November to March, warmer than the year (wet-season mean 23.4 °C against a yearly mean of 20.2 °C). Months are the habitat's, southern hemisphere; shifted six months for a northern-hemisphere collection: May to September.

Read from the median year of CHELSA monthly rainfall and mean temperature across the envelope cells: the rain rule takes the smallest set of months carrying 70% of the rain and calls it winter when its mean is more than half a degree below the year's, summer when more than that above, and neither in between; the temperature rule, used only under 120 mm, names the cooler six months when they are at least a degree cooler than the other six. Months are shifted for the other hemisphere only where the temperature curve gives a season to reverse. A reading of the curves, not an observation of the plant.

Rain Habitat rain 556 mm a year, wettest January at 111 mm, driest July at 3 mm (habitat calendar, southern hemisphere).

This species’ habitat figures, with their source.

556 mm a year at the habitat, 457 mm of it November to March. Wettest month January at 111 mm, driest July at 3 mm; 2 months under 5 mm. Across the envelope cells the year's total runs 428 mm to 863 mm (10th to 90th percentile of each cell's own year) (median year across the envelope cells, CHELSA; habitat calendar, southern hemisphere).

CHELSA monthly precipitation, median year across the envelope cells. The rain that falls where the species is recorded; nothing about how the plant takes water.

Light Open sky over the habitat: 26 to 42 mol/m²/day.

This species’ habitat figures, with their source.

Open sky over the habitat: 26 to 42 mol/m²/day across the year (daily light integral, median year across the envelope cells, CHELSA; the lowest 10th-percentile month across the cells is 24, the highest 90th-percentile month 44).

CHELSA shortwave radiation at each envelope cell, a daily-mean flux taken to a daily total and converted at 2.07 mol of PAR per MJ. The sky over the habitat, measured; what reaches a plant under a rock, a shrub or a shade cloth is not.

Warmth and air Cold floor 4.2 °C (1st-percentile habitat night, NASA POWER).

This species’ habitat figures, with their source.

Temperature

Coldest: the 1st-percentile night over 44 years at the typical cell is 4.2 °C, the absolute minimum -0.1 °C, 1 frost night in 44 years (NASA POWER daily minima). Warmest: the 99th-percentile day is 36.8 °C. Monthly means: coldest night 7.2 °C in July (across the envelope cells 5.4 °C to 11.9 °C), warmest day 28.8 °C in January (median year across the envelope cells, CHELSA). Cold floor: 4.2 °C, which is the 1st-percentile night over 44 years at the typical cell (NASA POWER).

NASA POWER daily minima and maxima 1981–2024 at the typical cell, lapse-corrected to its elevation; CHELSA monthly means, median year across the envelope cells, CHELSA. The cold floor is the figure named in its sentence. Not a measured survival limit for any plant in a pot.

Humidity

Relative humidity at the habitat: 49 to 57% across the year (monthly means, median year across the envelope cells, CHELSA). A figure about the air, saying nothing about how the plant takes water.

CHELSA relative humidity, median year across the envelope cells.

The figures the cards read from are in Climate below, and where they came from in Natural habitat.

Climate across the habitat

Habitat climate through the yearMean day from 21 °C in Jun to 29 °C in Jan; mean night from 7 °C in Jul to 19 °C in Jan. The cold quarter, Jun to Aug, is the three months around the coldest night. 556 mm of rain a year, most in Jan. The bands show the 10th to 90th percentile across 157 habitat cells. Over 44 years at the typical cell the absolute minimum was -0.1 °C and the 99th-percentile day 36.8 °C; neither is dated to a month. Beneath: daily light integral and relative humidity through the year, each on its own scale.-10°10°20°30°40°frost36.8° 99th-percentile day (undated)-0.1° lowest night in 44 yrs (undated)°C · day and nightcold quarter050100150200mm rainDLI 26–42RH 49–57 %JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
day night rain 10th–90th percentile across 157 habitat cells cold quarter: the three months around the coldest night extremes over 44 years at the typical cell, marked at the edge: undated DLI, mol/m²/dayRH %each on its own scale
Figures by month
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Day °C29 / 27–3228 / 26–3128 / 25–3026 / 24–2923 / 22–2721 / 19–2421 / 19–2424 / 22–2727 / 25–3028 / 26–3129 / 26–3129 / 26–31
Night °C19 / 17–2218 / 16–2117 / 15–2115 / 13–1811 / 9–158 / 6–127 / 5–129 / 8–1413 / 11–1615 / 13–1917 / 15–2018 / 16–21
Rain mm111 / 82–16893 / 69–17468 / 48–11629 / 21–4310 / 6–166 / 3–113 / 2–114 / 1–910 / 5–1937 / 23–6585 / 64–111100 / 73–151
DLI42 / 39–4340 / 37–4136 / 34–3732 / 31–3529 / 27–3126 / 24–2827 / 25–2932 / 30–3538 / 35–4141 / 37–4441 / 38–4341 / 39–44
RH %57 / 54–6157 / 54–6257 / 54–6055 / 53–5853 / 51–5452 / 50–5352 / 49–5350 / 47–5249 / 46–5252 / 49–5554 / 52–5757 / 54–60

Each figure is the median across the 157 grid cells holding the 214 in-range records, with the 10th–90th percentile span across those cells after the slash where it differs. Extremes and elevation were read at the typical cell 2203:4167 (-20.175, 28.375). Over 44 years there: absolute minimum -0.1 °C, 1st-percentile night 4.2 °C, 99th-percentile day 36.8 °C. Normals: CHELSA V2.1 1981–2010 climatology, 0.05° cells (each the mean of ~36 1 km pixels). Envelope: median and 10th–90th percentile of each month across the 157 distinct grid cells holding the 214 in-range records; extremes and elevation at the typical cell 2203:4167 (its coldest month's mean night nearest the median across cells); its position is the cell centre. Extremes: NASA POWER (MERRA-2) daily 1981–2024, cell -20.00_28.125, lapse-corrected +116 m at 6.5 °C/km. Elevation: ETOPO 2022, 1347 m (cell mean).

Natural habitat

Native range as published by WCVP; the marker is where the records are densest and decides nothing: the climate was read across every in-range record's cell, not at the marker.
Openly licensed records inside the range, framed on where they fall.
NativeZaïre, Zambia, Zimbabwe, Botswana, Northern Provinces
Kew's description“shrub” · “seasonally dry tropical”· quoted from WCVP, RBG Kew (CC BY 4.0); not derived here
Map marker-23.319, 29.8 · in the densest population, 122 records (56% of those in range)
Evidence usedThe map marker and the climate envelope rest on all 218 georeferenced records inside the native range; the map shows only the 90 openly licensed ones, which alone would put the marker 59 km away. 4 records outside the range (gardens, roadsides, misidentifications) ignored. 4 in-range records are placed to worse than 10 km and stay on the map but off the climate.
The map markerthe map marker: the openly licensed record nearest the middle of the densest 1° population of the 218 in-range records; it decides nothing.

Photographs

Commiphora marlothiiCommiphora marlothiiCommiphora marlothiiCommiphora marlothiiCommiphora marlothiiCommiphora marlothiiCommiphora marlothiiCommiphora marlothii

Photographs: (c) Wynand Uys, some rights reserved (CC BY) (3); (c) Antoinette Eyssell Knox, some rights reserved (CC BY-SA) (5).

Photographs: iNaturalist and Wikimedia Commons did not answer when this page was built; what is shown came from the sources that did.

Papers naming this species

Works whose title or abstract names Commiphora marlothii, most cited first, from OpenAlex (CC0). A mention, not a cultivation source: nothing on this page is drawn from them.

A phytochemical and pharmacological study of ten Commiphora species indigenous to South Africa
Maria Penelope Paraskeva (2008) · University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg Institutional Repository on DSpace (University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg)
Occurrence Download
GBIF.org User (2026) · Global Biodiversity Information Facility
Occurrence Download
GBIF.org User (2026) · Global Biodiversity Information Facility
Commiphora marlothii Engl.
Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh (2026)
Commiphora marlothii Engl.
Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh (2026) · DiSSCo
Commiphora marlothii Engl.
Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh (2026) · DiSSCo
Occurrence Download
GBIF.org User (2026) · Global Biodiversity Information Facility
Occurrence Download
GBIF.org User (2026) · Global Biodiversity Information Facility
Occurrence Download
GBIF.org User (2026) · Global Biodiversity Information Facility
Occurrence Download
GBIF.org User (2026) · Global Biodiversity Information Facility
Occurrence Download
GBIF.org User (2026) · Global Biodiversity Information Facility
Occurrence Download
GBIF.org User (2026) · Global Biodiversity Information Facility

Similar habitat climate the 6 species whose habitat climate is nearest this one's: mean day and night, month by month, and rain on a log scale, in calendar order, so a habitat with the same seasons six months out is far, not near. Nothing else counts: not range, not family.

Other Commiphora 170 in the reference

History & registers

Where this page came from built 2026-09-20 · dossier v2 · node
gbif.species answeredcarried from build of 2026-09-20 (offline re-derivation; the backbone was not asked)
gbif.synonyms answeredcarried from build of 2026-09-20 (offline re-derivation; the backbone was not asked)
gbif.vernacular answeredcarried from build of 2026-09-20 (offline re-derivation; the backbone was not asked)
wcvp.distribution answered
gbif.occurrences answeredGBIF occurrence download https://doi.org/10.15468/dl.3h4zam
climate answered
wikidata answeredcarried from build of 2026-09-20 (rederive); that build: carried from build of 2026-09-19 (rederive); that build: carried from build of 2026-09-19 (rederive)
wikipedia nothing to reportcarried from build of 2026-09-20; this build: skipped
inat.taxon not askedcarried from build of 2026-09-20 (rederive)
inat.photos.wild answeredcarried from build of 2026-09-20; this build: skipped
inat.photos.cultivated nothing to reportcarried from build of 2026-09-20 (rederive); that build: carried from build of 2026-09-19 (rederive); that build: carried from build of 2026-09-19 (rederive)
commons not askedcarried from build of 2026-09-20 (rederive); that build: carried from build of 2026-09-19 (rederive); that build: carried from build of 2026-09-19 (rederive)
gbif.media answered
openalex answeredcarried from build of 2026-09-20; this build: skipped

Every upstream is recorded as having answered, reported nothing, or refused. Only “nothing to report” is ever shown as an absence. Records came from 16 datasets via GBIF.org; each carries its own licence.