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Cordyline obtecta; photograph (c) Stella Fish, some rights reserved (CC BY) CC BY(c) Stella Fish, some rights reserved (CC BY) · observed growing wild · 2024-03-25

Cordyline obtecta (Graham) Baker

Three Kings Cabbage Tree; Norfolk Island Cabbage Tree; Norfolk Island cordyline

Asparagaceae · Norfolk Is., New Zealand North · listed by its genus as a tropical foliage plant

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Cordyline obtecta, photograph (c) Oscar Dove, some rights reserved (CC BY)Cordyline obtecta, photograph (c) Oscar Dove, some rights reserved (CC BY)Cordyline obtecta, photograph (c) Oscar Dove, some rights reserved (CC BY)Cordyline obtecta, photograph (c) Oscar Dove, some rights reserved (CC BY)Cordyline obtecta, photograph (c) Oscar Dove, some rights reserved (CC BY)Cordyline obtecta, photograph (c) Oscar Dove, some rights reserved (CC BY) 21 photographs ›
Habitat figures
Coldest month, mean nightly low
13.3°C
Aug at the habitat, not a floor; extremes not used (sea cell) CHELSA
Warmest month, mean daily high
22°C
Jan and Feb at the habitat CHELSA
Rain a year (median across the range)
1,243mm
12 months of 25 mm or more in the median year CHELSA
Open-sky light
14–44DLI
Lowest to highest month (DLI) CHELSA
The year in your months, northern hemisphere
  1. Jan
  2. Feb
  3. Mar
  4. Apr
  5. May
  6. Jun
  7. Jul
  8. Aug
  9. Sep
  10. Oct
  11. Nov
  12. Dec
Rain spread: 70% of the median year's rain takes 8 months, so no short rainy season. rain rule, CHELSA
Northern hemisphere unless you set your site. The chart is in the habitat's months.

Summary

Cordyline obtecta (Ti, Norfolk Island cabbage tree, Three Kings cabbage tree) is a widely branching monocot tree native to Norfolk Island (the type locality), and to northern New Zealand. The species name obtecta derives from the Latin obtegere (to conceal, to cover up), alluding to the way the inflorescence barely protruded beyond the leaves in the plant first described.

Quoted from Wikipedia, "Cordyline obtecta", CC BY-SA 4.0.

About the genus · Cordyline

Cordyline is a genus of about 24 species of woody monocotyledonous flowering plants in family Asparagaceae, subfamily Lomandroideae. The subfamily has previously been treated as a separate family Laxmanniaceae, or Lomandraceae. Other authors have placed the genus in the Agavaceae. More on Wikipedia ›

Quoted from Wikipedia, "Cordyline", CC BY-SA 4.0.

Cultivation

Grouped as a tropical foliage plant, listed under the genus Cordyline in the archetype table, and Kew describes it as “tree”, “wet tropical”.

Seasons

The rain rule reads no short rainy season: 70% of the median year's rain (908 mm of 1,250 mm) takes 8 months, March to September and December. Mean temperature moves 5.8 °C between the warmest and coldest month. Months are the habitat's, southern hemisphere; shifted six months for a northern-hemisphere collection: September to March and June.

Rain

1,250 mm in the median year at the habitat, 908 mm of it March to September and December. Wettest month July at 137 mm, driest month January at 81 mm. Across the grid cells of the range the year's total runs 1,162 mm to 1,341 mm, the 10th to 90th percentile of each cell's own year. The median of the cells' own yearly totals, 1,243 mm, is the year's rain at the top of the page; the 1,250 mm here is the median year's, the twelve monthly medians added, which the rain rule reads. Habitat calendar, southern hemisphere; median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA.

Light

Open sky over the habitat: 14 to 44 mol/m²/day across the year (daily light integral, median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA; the lowest 10th-percentile month across the cells is 11, the highest 90th-percentile month 46).

Warmth and air
Temperature

Monthly means: the coldest month's mean nightly low 13.3 °C in August (across the grid cells of the range 8.5 °C to 16.3 °C), the warmest month's mean daily high 22.2 °C in February (median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA). Cold floor: none read. The nearest figure is 13.3 °C, the coldest month's mean nightly low, August, in the median year (CHELSA); a month's mean of its nightly lows is warmer than the nights a floor is read from. The daily extremes were read at a weather cell that is mostly sea and are not used.

Humidity

Relative humidity at the habitat: 59 to 63% across the year (monthly means, median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA). A figure about the air, saying nothing about how the plant takes water.

How this section is made

Each card states this species' habitat figures with their sources, and what two fixed rules read from them; nothing here says what the plant does, wants or tolerates. The rules · the terms.

Seasons. Read from the median year of CHELSA monthly rainfall and mean temperature across the grid cells of the range: the rain rule takes the smallest set of months carrying 70% of the rain and calls it winter when its mean is more than half a degree below the year's, summer when more than that above, and neither in between; the temperature rule, used only under 120 mm, names the cooler six months when they are at least a degree cooler than the other six. Months are shifted for the other hemisphere only where the temperature curve moves 4 °C or more and the habitat lies 10° or more from the equator. A reading of the curves, not an observation of the plant.

Rain. CHELSA monthly precipitation, median year across the grid cells of the range. The rain that falls where the species is recorded; nothing about how the plant takes water.

Light. CHELSA shortwave radiation at each envelope cell, a daily-mean flux taken to a daily total and converted at 2.07 mol of PAR per MJ. The sky over the habitat, measured; what reaches a plant under a rock, a shrub or a shade cloth is not.

Temperature. CHELSA monthly means, median year across the grid cells of the range. No cold floor is read without a daily extremes series; the coldest month's mean nightly low named in its sentence is not one. Not a measured survival limit for any plant in a pot.

Humidity. CHELSA relative humidity, median year across the grid cells of the range.

Group. Listed under the genus Cordyline in the archetype table, and Kew describes it as “tree”, “wet tropical”. A group is taken only where Kew's description of the species agrees with the table's listing. The table gives no figure and no prose; the cold floor is the habitat's alone.

Climate across the habitat

Habitat months, southern hemisphere

Habitat climate of Cordyline obtecta through the yearWarmest months January and February, mean daily high 22 °C; coldest month August, mean nightly low 13.3 °C; 1,250 mm of rain in the median year (the twelve monthly medians added). Medians across the range, from CHELSA. Habitat months, southern hemisphere.5°10°15°20°25°°C · day and nightcold quarter050100150200mm rainDLI 14–44RH 59–63%JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
day night rain medians and 10th–90th percentile across 10 habitat cells, CHELSA cold quarter: the three months around the coldest month's mean nightly low DLI, mol/m²/dayRH %each on its own scale
Figures by month
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Day °C22 / 19–2322 / 20–2321 / 20–2319 / 18–2217 / 15–2016 / 13–1915 / 12–1815 / 13–1815 / 15–1816 / 16–1918 / 17–2020 / 18–22
Night °C19 / 15–2219 / 15–2219 / 14–2218 / 12–2116 / 11–1915 / 9–1814 / 8–1713 / 9–1614 / 10–1714 / 10–1816 / 12–1917 / 14–21
Rain mm81 / 70–9088 / 71–9292 / 79–103110 / 91–119121 / 110–130135 / 125–150137 / 129–162117 / 103–139100 / 92–11785 / 71–10688 / 81–10296 / 83–116
DLI44 / 43–4640 / 37–4133 / 30–3424 / 21–2717 / 14–2114 / 11–1715 / 13–1921 / 17–2429 / 25–3238 / 34–3942 / 39–4344 / 42–46
RH %63 / 61–6462 / 61–6461 / 60–6261 / 59–6260 / 58–6259 / 57–6259 / 56–6359 / 56–6261 / 57–6261 / 58–6261 / 59–6263 / 61–64

The daily extremes were read at a NASA POWER cell that is 32% land: neither it nor the next candidates whose coldest month's mean nightly low is within 2 °C of the median across cells sit in a POWER cell that is mostly land, and the rule reads a cold floor only from a cell that is mostly land, so none is read for this species. Nor is the coldest month's mean nightly low taken as one: it is a mean of a month's lows, not its coldest night. What that cell gave over 44 years: absolute minimum 9.2 °C, 1st-percentile night 11.0 °C, 99th-percentile day 22.9 °C.

How this section is made
Each figure is the median across the 10 grid cells holding the 31 in-range records, with the 10th–90th percentile span across those cells after the slash where it differs. A dash is a month one or more of those cells has no figure for in the grid (a variable CHELSA does not carry there), so no median is taken rather than one over fewer cells. Extremes and elevation were read at a typical spot in the range, cell 2488:7060 (-34.425, 173.025). Normals: CHELSA V2.1 1981–2010 climatology, 0.05° cells (each the mean of ~36 1 km pixels). Across the range: median and 10th–90th percentile of each month across the 10 distinct grid cells holding 31 of the 31 in-range records; extremes and elevation at the typical cell 2488:7060 (its coldest month's mean nightly low nearest the median across cells, though its NASA POWER cell is only 32% land and none of the 2 next candidates within 2 °C of the median was mostly land); its position is the cell centre. Extremes: NASA POWER (MERRA-2) daily 1981–2024, cell -34.50_173.125, lapse-corrected +51 m at 6.5 °C/km. Elevation: ETOPO 2022, 60 m (cell mean).

Natural habitat

Native range as published by WCVP; the marker is where the records are densest and decides nothing: the climate was read across the cells of the in-range records placed well enough to read one, not at the marker.
Openly licensed records inside the range, framed on where they fall.
NativeNorfolk Is., New Zealand North · regions are the level-3 units of the World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, as Kew's World Checklist records ranges, some under historical names such as Yugoslavia or Czechoslovakia (how).
Map marker-35.417, 174.7 · in the densest population, 48 records (63% of those in range)
Kew's description“tree” · “wet tropical” · quoted from WCVP, RBG Kew (CC BY 4.0); not derived here
Evidence usedThe map marker rests on all 76 georeferenced records inside the native range; the climate across the range on the 31 of them placed to within 10 km; the map shows only the 62 openly licensed ones, which alone would put the marker 1 km away. 12 records outside the WCVP native range not used. 45 in-range records are placed to worse than 10 km, or with no stated accuracy (admitted only as a person's observation to three decimals), and stay on the map but off the climate.
How this section is made
The map marker: the openly licensed record nearest the middle of the densest 1° population inside the densest 2° block of the 76 in-range records; it decides nothing. Records outside the native range, living specimens and records marked introduced are not used; which records count.

Photographs

Cordyline obtecta, photograph 1did not loadCordyline obtecta, photograph 2did not loadCordyline obtecta, photograph 3did not loadCordyline obtecta, photograph 4did not loadCordyline obtecta, photograph 5did not loadCordyline obtecta, photograph 6did not load

Photographs: (c) Oscar Dove, some rights reserved (CC BY) (6).

Similar habitat climate The 6 nearest by mean daily high, mean nightly low and rain, month by month. How.

Veronica punicea Veronica punicea Plantaginaceae Photo: CC0, Peter de LangeVeronica bollonsii Veronica bollonsii Plantaginaceae Photo: CC BY, Oscar DoveCoprosma neglecta Coprosma neglecta Rubiaceae Photo: CC BY, Oscar DoveVeronica ligustrifolia Veronica ligustrifolia Plantaginaceae Photo: CC BY, Michael BerardozziNotelaea apetala Notelaea apetala Oleaceae Photo: CC BY-SA, Krzysztof Ziarnek, KenraizAsplenium haurakiense Asplenium haurakiense Hauraki Gulf Spleenwort Photo: CC BY, Oscar Dove

Other Cordyline 12 in the reference

Cordyline australis Cordyline australis Cabbage tree Photo: CC BY, Jon SullivanCordyline banksii Cordyline banksii Cabbage Tree Photo: CC0, author not statedCordyline cannifolia Cordyline cannifolia Palm-lily Photo: CC BY, Martin RadyCordyline congesta Cordyline congesta Narrow Leafed Palm Lily Photo: CC BY-SA, Greg TasneyCordyline fruticosa Cordyline fruticosa Ti Plant Photo: CC0, author not statedCordyline indivisa Cordyline indivisa Broad-leaved Cabbage Tree Photo: CC BY, Angus CampbellCordyline manners-suttoniae Cordyline manners-suttoniae Giant palm-lily Photo: CC BY, Lucas ChristofidesCordyline petiolaris Cordyline petiolaris Broad leaved Palm Lily Photo: CC BY-SA, Greg TasneyCordyline pumilio Cordyline pumilio Stemless Cabbage Tree Photo: CC0, author not statedCordyline rubra Cordyline rubra Red Palm Liliy Photo: CC0, author not statedCordyline sellowiana Cordyline sellowiana Asparagaceae Photo: CC BY, Nicolas OlejnikCordyline stricta Cordyline stricta Narrow-leaf palm-lily Photo: CC BY, John Barkla

Names & registers

Also known as Cordyline baueri; Cordyline kaspar; Dracaena australis; Dracaena obtecta; Euphyleia odorata and 1 more. (GBIF Backbone)

GBIFPOWOIPNIWFOWikidataWikipediaiNaturalist

The record

Family
Asparagaceae
Described by
(Graham) Baker
Native to
Norfolk Is., New Zealand North
Wild records
76 in range · 62 open

Every figure here is derived from public data by a stated rule and names its source; nothing about this species is written for its page by a person or by AI, apart from the marked, credited quotations. How →

Where this page came from built 2026-10-21
GBIF species record gbif.species answeredasked 2026-10-21
GBIF synonyms gbif.synonyms answeredasked 2026-10-21
GBIF common names gbif.vernacular answeredasked 2026-10-21names fetched 2026-10-21
WCVP native range wcvp.distribution answeredas of 2026-06-04
GBIF occurrence records gbif.occurrences answeredas of 2026-10-21GBIF occurrence download https://doi.org/10.15468/dl.hbdw64, of 2026-10-21; 9 records within 1 km of a botanic garden, herbarium or zoo left out (6 at a botanic garden or arboretum, 3 at a zoo; Wikidata's list)
Habitat climate climate answeredasked 2026-10-21
Daily extremes (NASA POWER) climate.extremes answeredasked 2026-10-21NASA POWER (MERRA-2) daily 1981–2024, cell -34.50_173.125, lapse-corrected +51 m at 6.5 °C/km; read, and set aside: NASA POWER's cell is mostly sea (32% land), so no cold floor is shown
Wikidata wikidata answeredasked 2026-10-21
Wikipedia wikipedia answeredasked 2026-10-21
iNaturalist photographs, wild inat.photos.wild answeredasked 2026-10-22from iNaturalist's open data of 2026-09-27: research-grade observations with an open-licence photograph, the 24 whose photographs iNaturalist received last (the open data holds no votes); filled 2026-10-22
iNaturalist photographs, cultivated inat.photos.cultivated not asked
GBIF media gbif.media answeredasked 2026-10-21none of the photographs on this page is credited to GBIF: those shown are other sources', and GBIF's were the same photographs or were set aside by the photograph rules
OpenAlex papers openalex not askednot yet asked for this reference; a later fill takes the papers from OpenAlex's snapshot

Every source is recorded as having answered, reported nothing, refused, failed, not been asked, or answered twice where one answer is taken (“not taken: two items answered”), and, for a source asked when this page was built, when: the figures are as the source held them that day; a source read from a file (Kew's World Checklist, a GBIF download) says "as of" the file's day instead; a row carried from an earlier build of the page names that build instead. Only “nothing to report” is ever shown as an absence. Records came from 8 datasets via GBIF.org; each carries its own licence.

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