46 photographs › At a glance
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Summary
Cymbalaria pallida is a purple-flowered plant native only to mountainous parts of Italy. It belongs to the plantain family (Plantaginaceae).
Quoted from Wikipedia, "Cymbalaria pallida", CC BY-SA 4.0.
About the genus · Cymbalaria
Cymbalaria is a genus of about 10 species of herbaceous perennial plants previously placed in the family Scrophulariaceae, but recently shown by genetic research to be in the much enlarged family Plantaginaceae.
Quoted from Wikipedia, "Cymbalaria", CC BY-SA 4.0.
Cultivation
Seasons
The rain rule reads a rainy season and no growing season: 70% of the median year's rain (862 mm of 1,231 mm) falls in September to January and March to April, the cooler part of the year, but the mean nightly low is below freezing in February, April, May, December and January, so the rule reads no growing season from it. Months are the habitat's, northern hemisphere; shifted six months for a southern-hemisphere collection: March to July and September to October.
Rain
1,231 mm in the median year at the habitat, 862 mm of it September to January and March to April. Wettest month November at 173 mm, driest month August at 57 mm. Across the grid cells of the range the year's total runs 1,014 mm to 1,430 mm, the 10th to 90th percentile of each cell's own year. The median of the cells' own yearly totals, 1,248 mm, is the year's rain at the top of the page; the 1,231 mm here is the median year's, the twelve monthly medians added, which the rain rule reads. Habitat calendar, northern hemisphere; median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA.
Light
Open sky over the habitat: 11 to 44 mol/m²/day across the year (daily light integral, median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA; the lowest 10th-percentile month across the cells is 8, the highest 90th-percentile month 45).
Warmth and air
Coldest: the 1st-percentile night over 44 years at a typical spot in the range is -11.1 °C, the absolute minimum -20.5 °C, 6,731 frost nights in 44 years, 153.0 a year (NASA POWER daily minima). Warmest: the 99th-percentile day is 30.3 °C. Monthly means: the coldest month's mean nightly low -6.7 °C in February (across the grid cells of the range -9.7 °C to -5.2 °C), the warmest month's mean daily high 20.6 °C in July (median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA). Cold floor: -11.1 °C, which is the 1st-percentile night over 44 years at a typical spot in the range (NASA POWER).
Relative humidity at the habitat: 54 to 61% across the year (monthly means, median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA). A figure about the air, saying nothing about how the plant takes water.
How this section is made
Each card states this species' habitat figures with their sources, and what two fixed rules read from them; nothing here says what the plant does, wants or tolerates. The rules · the terms.
Seasons. Read from the median year of CHELSA monthly rainfall and mean temperature across the grid cells of the range: the rain rule takes the smallest set of months carrying 70% of the rain and calls it winter when its mean is more than half a degree below the year's, summer when more than that above, and neither in between; the temperature rule, used only under 120 mm, names the cooler six months when they are at least a degree cooler than the other six. Months are shifted for the other hemisphere only where the temperature curve moves 4 °C or more and the habitat lies 10° or more from the equator. A reading of the curves, not an observation of the plant.
Rain. CHELSA monthly precipitation, median year across the grid cells of the range. The rain that falls where the species is recorded; nothing about how the plant takes water.
Light. CHELSA shortwave radiation at each envelope cell, a daily-mean flux taken to a daily total and converted at 2.07 mol of PAR per MJ. The sky over the habitat, measured; what reaches a plant under a rock, a shrub or a shade cloth is not.
Temperature. NASA POWER daily minima and maxima over 44 years at a typical spot in the range, lapse-corrected +841 m to its elevation; CHELSA monthly means, median year across the grid cells of the range. The cold floor is the 1st-percentile night named in its sentence. Not a measured survival limit for any plant in a pot.
Humidity. CHELSA relative humidity, median year across the grid cells of the range.
Climate across the habitat
Habitat months, northern hemisphere
Mean daily high from 2 °C in Jan and Feb to 21 °C in Jul and Aug; mean nightly low from -7 °C in Feb to 10 °C in Aug. The cold quarter, Jan to Mar, is the three months around the coldest month's mean nightly low. 1,231 mm of rain in the median year (the twelve monthly medians added), the wettest month Nov. The bands show the 10th to 90th percentile across 21 habitat cells. Over 44 years at a typical spot in the range (NASA POWER) the absolute minimum was -20.5 °C and the 99th-percentile day 30.3 °C; neither is dated to a month. Beneath: daily light integral and relative humidity through the year, each on its own scale.
Figures by month
| Figure | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Day °C | 2 / 0–4 | 2 / 0–4 | 5 / 3–8 | 8 / 6–11 | 13 / 11–16 | 17 / 15–20 | 21 / 18–23 | 21 / 18–23 | 16 / 14–19 | 12 / 10–15 | 7 / 4–9 | 3 / 0–5 |
| Night °C | -6 / -9–-5 | -7 / -10–-5 | -5 / -8–-3 | -2 / -5–1 | 3 / 0–5 | 6 / 3–9 | 9 / 6–12 | 10 / 6–12 | 6 / 3–8 | 3 / 1–5 | -2 / -4–0 | -5 / -8–-4 |
| Rain mm | 108 / 87–120 | 98 / 79–118 | 102 / 85–113 | 105 / 84–125 | 86 / 68–97 | 69 / 64–87 | 59 / 47–70 | 57 / 50–73 | 100 / 82–112 | 123 / 97–153 | 173 / 140–207 | 151 / 123–188 |
| DLI | 13 / 10–15 | 19 / 15–21 | 27 / 23–28 | 33 / 31–34 | 39 / 38–40 | 43 / 42–43 | 44 / 43–45 | 39 / 37–40 | 29 / 27–30 | 20 / 17–22 | 14 / 11–15 | 11 / 8–12 |
| RH % | 58 / 55–61 | 59 / 56–62 | 59 / 58–61 | 60 / 59–61 | 58 / 58–59 | 57 / 56–57 | 54 / 54–55 | 55 / 55–56 | 59 / 58–60 | 60 / 57–62 | 61 / 57–64 | 60 / 58–64 |
How this section is made
Natural habitat
How this section is made
Photographs
Photographs: (c) Emanuele Santarelli, some rights reserved (CC BY-SA) (4); (c) nebrooks, some rights reserved (CC BY); (c) Madeline, some rights reserved (CC BY).
Related
Similar habitat climate The 6 nearest by mean daily high, mean nightly low and rain, month by month. How.
Verbascum longifolium Scrophulariaceae Photo: CC BY, Malcolm Gould
Geranium reflexum Reflexed crane's-bill Photo: CC BY, Serena De Santis
Potentilla apennina Rosaceae Photo: CC BY-SA, Emanuele Santarelli
Geranium subcaulescens Grey Crane's-bill Photo: CC BY, Patrick Lam
Mcneillia graminifolia Caryophyllaceae Photo: CC BY, Joss Carr Sabulina villarii Caryophyllaceae Other Cymbalaria 2 in the reference
Cymbalaria aequitriloba Plantaginaceae Photo: CC BY-SA, Alessia Guggisberg
Cymbalaria muralis Kenilworth ivy Photo: CC BY-SA, Douglas Goldman Names & registers
Also known as Antirrhinum pallidum; Antirrhinum pubescens; Cymbalaria pallida f. handelii; Linaria apennina; Linaria pallida and 1 more. (GBIF Backbone)
The record
Every figure here is derived from public data by a stated rule and names its source; nothing about this species is written for its page by a person or by AI, apart from the marked, credited quotations. How →
Where this page came from built 2026-10-22
gbif.species answeredasked 2026-10-22gbif.synonyms answeredasked 2026-10-22gbif.vernacular answeredasked 2026-10-22names fetched 2026-10-22wcvp.distribution answeredas of 2026-06-04gbif.occurrences answeredas of 2026-10-21GBIF occurrence download https://doi.org/10.15468/dl.hbdw64, of 2026-10-21; 29 records within 1 km of a botanic garden, herbarium or zoo left out (27 at a botanic garden or arboretum, 2 at a zoo; Wikidata's list)climate answeredasked 2026-10-22climate.extremes answeredasked 2026-10-22NASA POWER (MERRA-2) daily 1981–2024, cell 42.00_13.125, lapse-corrected +841 m at 6.5 °C/kmwikidata answeredasked 2026-10-22wikipedia answeredasked 2026-10-22inat.photos.wild answeredasked 2026-10-22from iNaturalist's open data of 2026-09-27: research-grade observations with an open-licence photograph, the 24 whose photographs iNaturalist received last (the open data holds no votes); filled 2026-10-22inat.photos.cultivated not askedgbif.media answeredasked 2026-10-22openalex not askednot yet asked for this reference; a later fill takes the papers from OpenAlex's snapshotEvery source is recorded as having answered, reported nothing, refused, failed, not been asked, or answered twice where one answer is taken (“not taken: two items answered”), and, for a source asked when this page was built, when: the figures are as the source held them that day; a source read from a file (Kew's World Checklist, a GBIF download) says "as of" the file's day instead; a row carried from an earlier build of the page names that build instead. Only “nothing to report” is ever shown as an absence. Records came from 49 datasets via GBIF.org; each carries its own licence.