Dacrydium cupressinum Sol. ex G.Forst.
New Zealand red pine, Red Pine, red-pine
Every figure on this page is derived from public data by a stated rule and says its source; nothing here is written by a person or a model, except the Wikipedia passage, which is quoted and marked as such. How it is made.
Summary
Dacrydium cupressinum, the rimu, is a species of conifer in the family Podocarpaceae, native to New Zealand. The tree usually reaches 35 metres in height, but may reach up to 60 metres and can have a stout trunk up to 2 m in diameter. It is dioecious, meaning individual trees are either male or female. Rimu is the country's most common native conifer, its range covers the North, South, and Stewart Islands. More on Wikipedia ›
The opening of Wikipedia, “Dacrydium cupressinum”, CC BY-SA 4.0, quoted as written. Kept separate from everything derived here.
About the genus · Dacrydium
Dacrydium is a genus of conifers in the family Podocarpaceae, containing sixteen species of dioecious trees and shrubs. The genus was first described by Solander in 1786, and formerly included many more species, which were divided into sections A, B, and C by Florin in 1931. The revisions of de Laubenfels and Quinn, reclassified the former section A as the new genus Falcatifolium, divided Section C into new genera Lepidothamnus, Lagarostrobos and Halocarpus, and retained Section B as genus Dacrydium.
Text from Wikipedia, “Dacrydium”, CC BY-SA 4.0, quoted as written.
At a glance
Also known as Dacrydium cupressiforme Carrière; Dacrydium cupressinum Sol.; Thalamia cupressina (Sol. ex G.Forst.) Spreng.
Cultivation
Its year Rain rule: no season, 70% of the rain takes 8 months (October to April and June in the northern hemisphere).
This species’ habitat figures, and what two fixed rules read from them.
The rain rule reads no season: 70% of the year's rain (1137 mm of 1576 mm) takes 8 months, April to October and December. Mean temperature moves 8.6 °C between the warmest and coldest month. Months are the habitat's, southern hemisphere; shifted six months for a northern-hemisphere collection: October to April and June.
Read from the median year of CHELSA monthly rainfall and mean temperature across the envelope cells: the rain rule takes the smallest set of months carrying 70% of the rain and calls it winter when its mean is more than half a degree below the year's, summer when more than that above, and neither in between; the temperature rule, used only under 120 mm, names the cooler six months when they are at least a degree cooler than the other six. Months are shifted for the other hemisphere only where the temperature curve gives a season to reverse. A reading of the curves, not an observation of the plant.
Rain Habitat rain 1576 mm a year, wettest July at 165 mm, driest January at 104 mm (habitat calendar, southern hemisphere).
This species’ habitat figures, with their source.
1576 mm a year at the habitat, 1137 mm of it April to October and December. Wettest month July at 165 mm, driest January at 104 mm. Across the envelope cells the year's total runs 1182 mm to 3219 mm (10th to 90th percentile of each cell's own year) (median year across the envelope cells, CHELSA; habitat calendar, southern hemisphere).
CHELSA monthly precipitation, median year across the envelope cells. The rain that falls where the species is recorded; nothing about how the plant takes water.
Light Open sky over the habitat: 11 to 41 mol/m²/day.
This species’ habitat figures, with their source.
Open sky over the habitat: 11 to 41 mol/m²/day across the year (daily light integral, median year across the envelope cells, CHELSA; the lowest 10th-percentile month across the cells is 8, the highest 90th-percentile month 45).
CHELSA shortwave radiation at each envelope cell, a daily-mean flux taken to a daily total and converted at 2.07 mol of PAR per MJ. The sky over the habitat, measured; what reaches a plant under a rock, a shrub or a shade cloth is not.
Warmth and air Cold floor 1.2 °C (1st-percentile habitat night, NASA POWER).
This species’ habitat figures, with their source.
Coldest: the 1st-percentile night over 44 years at the typical cell is 1.2 °C, the absolute minimum -1.5 °C, 16 frost nights in 44 years (NASA POWER daily minima). Warmest: the 99th-percentile day is 25.0 °C. Monthly means: coldest night 5.3 °C in July (across the envelope cells 1.3 °C to 9.7 °C), warmest day 19.8 °C in February (median year across the envelope cells, CHELSA). Cold floor: 1.2 °C, which is the 1st-percentile night over 44 years at the typical cell (NASA POWER).
NASA POWER daily minima and maxima 1981–2024 at the typical cell, lapse-corrected to its elevation; CHELSA monthly means, median year across the envelope cells, CHELSA. The cold floor is the figure named in its sentence. Not a measured survival limit for any plant in a pot.
Relative humidity at the habitat: 63 to 65% across the year (monthly means, median year across the envelope cells, CHELSA). A figure about the air, saying nothing about how the plant takes water.
CHELSA relative humidity, median year across the envelope cells.
The figures the cards read from are in Climate below, and where they came from in Natural habitat.
Climate across the habitat
Figures by month
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Day °C | 20 / 17–22 | 20 / 17–22 | 18 / 15–21 | 16 / 13–18 | 13 / 10–16 | 11 / 8–14 | 10 / 7–13 | 11 / 8–14 | 12 / 11–15 | 14 / 12–16 | 16 / 14–18 | 18 / 16–20 |
| Night °C | 13 / 10–17 | 13 / 10–17 | 12 / 9–16 | 10 / 7–14 | 8 / 5–13 | 6 / 2–11 | 5 / 1–10 | 6 / 2–10 | 7 / 3–11 | 8 / 5–12 | 10 / 7–13 | 12 / 9–15 |
| Rain mm | 104 / 73–269 | 104 / 73–204 | 112 / 84–231 | 120 / 90–243 | 139 / 109–278 | 159 / 115–295 | 165 / 112–262 | 152 / 111–267 | 134 / 100–302 | 138 / 96–328 | 119 / 85–269 | 130 / 92–311 |
| DLI | 41 / 38–45 | 36 / 32–39 | 29 / 25–31 | 20 / 17–22 | 14 / 10–16 | 11 / 8–13 | 12 / 9–14 | 17 / 14–19 | 24 / 21–27 | 32 / 29–34 | 38 / 35–42 | 41 / 38–44 |
| RH % | 63 / 61–66 | 63 / 61–66 | 63 / 61–66 | 64 / 61–67 | 65 / 62–69 | 65 / 62–69 | 64 / 62–69 | 64 / 62–68 | 64 / 61–68 | 64 / 61–68 | 63 / 61–66 | 64 / 61–67 |
Each figure is the median across the 399 grid cells holding the 760 in-range records, with the 10th–90th percentile span across those cells after the slash where it differs. Extremes and elevation were read at the typical cell 2733:6981 (-46.675, 169.075). Over 44 years there: absolute minimum -1.5 °C, 1st-percentile night 1.2 °C, 99th-percentile day 25.0 °C. Normals: CHELSA V2.1 1981–2010 climatology, 0.05° cells (each the mean of ~36 1 km pixels). Envelope: median and 10th–90th percentile of each month across the 399 distinct grid cells holding the 760 in-range records; extremes and elevation at the typical cell 2733:6981 (its coldest month's mean night nearest the median across cells); its position is the cell centre. Extremes: NASA POWER (MERRA-2) daily 1981–2024, cell -46.50_169.375, lapse-corrected -116 m at 6.5 °C/km. Elevation: ETOPO 2022, 16 m (cell mean).
Natural habitat
Photographs
Photographs: John Barnett, CC0, iNaturalist via GBIF (2); Tommy Forrest, CC0, iNaturalist via GBIF (3); Jeremy Rolfe, CC BY, iNaturalist via GBIF; kiwialli, CC BY, iNaturalist via GBIF (2).
Photographs: iNaturalist did not answer when this page was built; what is shown came from the sources that did.
Papers naming this species
Works whose title or abstract names Dacrydium cupressinum, most cited first, from OpenAlex (CC0). A mention, not a cultivation source: nothing on this page is drawn from them.
Related
Similar habitat climate the 6 species whose habitat climate is nearest this one's: mean day and night, month by month, and rain on a log scale, in calendar order, so a habitat with the same seasons six months out is far, not near. Nothing else counts: not range, not family.
Metrosideros robusta Northern Rātā
Rumohra adiantiformis 7-weeks-fern
Phormium tenax Lowland flax
Coprosma robusta Glossy Karamū
Podocarpus totara totara
Leptospermum scoparium Broom Tea-TreeHistory & registers
Where this page came from built 2026-09-20 · dossier v2 · node
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