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Dalbergia assamica; photograph 阿橋 HQ, CC BY-SA 2.0, via Wikimedia Commons CC BY-SA阿橋 HQ, CC BY-SA 2.0, via Wikimedia Commons

Dalbergia assamica Benth.

Fabaceae · China South-Central, Hainan +9

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Dalbergia assamica, photograph Lannafolium, CC0, via Wikimedia Commons 2 photographs ›
Habitat figuresfrom few records
Cold floor (1 night in 100)
-0.1°C
Record low -9.1 °C in 44 years, at a typical spot in the range NASA POWER
Warmest month, mean daily high
32°C
Aug at the habitat CHELSA
Rain a year (median across the range)
1,631mm
12 months of 25 mm or more in the median year CHELSA
Open-sky light
18–32DLI
Lowest to highest month (DLI) CHELSA
The year in your months, northern hemisphere
  1. Jan
  2. Feb
  3. Mar
  4. Apr
  5. May
  6. Jun
  7. Jul
  8. Aug
  9. Sep
  10. Oct
  11. Nov
  12. Dec
Wet summers: the rain comes April to September, read as a summer growing season. rain rule, CHELSA
Northern hemisphere unless you set your site. The chart is in the habitat's months.

From few records: 11 records in 9 grid cells. The records.

Summary

Dalbergia assamica, also known as Dalbergia balansae, is a species of legume in the family Fabaceae. It is a tree native to southeastern Asia, ranging from the eastern Himalayas, Bangladesh, and northeastern India through Indochina to southern China.

Quoted from Wikipedia, "Dalbergia assamica", CC BY-SA 4.0.

About the genus · Dalbergia

Dalbergia is a large genus of small to medium-size trees, shrubs and lianas in the pea family, Fabaceae, subfamily Faboideae. It was recently assigned to the informal monophyletic Dalbergia clade : the Dalbergieae. The genus has a wide distribution, native to the tropical regions of Central and South America, Africa, Madagascar and Southern Asia.

Quoted from Wikipedia, "Dalbergia", CC BY-SA 4.0.

Cultivation

Seasons

The rain rule reads a summer growing season: 70% of the median year's rain (1,337 mm of 1,726 mm) falls in April to September, warmer than the year (wet-season mean 26.5 °C against a yearly mean of 21.9 °C). Months are the habitat's, northern hemisphere; shifted six months for a southern-hemisphere collection: October to March.

Rain

1,726 mm in the median year at the habitat, 1,337 mm of it April to September. Wettest month June at 289 mm, driest month December at 32 mm. Across the grid cells of the range the year's total runs 1,292 mm to 2,096 mm, the 10th to 90th percentile of each cell's own year. The median of the cells' own yearly totals, 1,631 mm, is the year's rain at the top of the page; the 1,726 mm here is the median year's, the twelve monthly medians added, which the rain rule reads. Habitat calendar, northern hemisphere; median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA.

Light

Open sky over the habitat: 18 to 32 mol/m²/day across the year (daily light integral, median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA; the lowest 10th-percentile month across the cells is 16, the highest 90th-percentile month 40).

Warmth and air
Temperature

Coldest: the 1st-percentile night over 44 years at a typical spot in the range is -0.1 °C, the absolute minimum -9.1 °C, 175 frost nights in 44 years, 4.0 a year (NASA POWER daily minima). Warmest: the 99th-percentile day is 34.7 °C. Monthly means: the coldest month's mean nightly low 7.6 °C in January (across the grid cells of the range 4.3 °C to 10.6 °C), the warmest month's mean daily high 31.6 °C in August (median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA). Cold floor: -0.1 °C, which is the 1st-percentile night over 44 years at a typical spot in the range (NASA POWER).

Humidity

Relative humidity at the habitat: 58 to 66% across the year (monthly means, median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA). A figure about the air, saying nothing about how the plant takes water.

How this section is made

Each card states this species' habitat figures with their sources, and what two fixed rules read from them; nothing here says what the plant does, wants or tolerates. The rules · the terms.

Seasons. Read from the median year of CHELSA monthly rainfall and mean temperature across the grid cells of the range: the rain rule takes the smallest set of months carrying 70% of the rain and calls it winter when its mean is more than half a degree below the year's, summer when more than that above, and neither in between; the temperature rule, used only under 120 mm, names the cooler six months when they are at least a degree cooler than the other six. Months are shifted for the other hemisphere only where the temperature curve moves 4 °C or more and the habitat lies 10° or more from the equator. A reading of the curves, not an observation of the plant.

Rain. CHELSA monthly precipitation, median year across the grid cells of the range. The rain that falls where the species is recorded; nothing about how the plant takes water.

Light. CHELSA shortwave radiation at each envelope cell, a daily-mean flux taken to a daily total and converted at 2.07 mol of PAR per MJ. The sky over the habitat, measured; what reaches a plant under a rock, a shrub or a shade cloth is not.

Temperature. NASA POWER daily minima and maxima over 44 years at a typical spot in the range, lapse-corrected -78 m to its elevation; CHELSA monthly means, median year across the grid cells of the range. The cold floor is the 1st-percentile night named in its sentence. Not a measured survival limit for any plant in a pot.

Humidity. CHELSA relative humidity, median year across the grid cells of the range.

Climate across the habitat

From few records: this habitat climate is read from 11 records in 9 grid cells; a page says so under 12 records or 5 cells, and shows the figures as read.

Habitat months, northern hemisphere

Habitat climate of Dalbergia assamica through the yearWarmest month August, mean daily high 32 °C; coldest month January, mean nightly low 7.6 °C; 1,726 mm of rain in the median year (the twelve monthly medians added). Medians across the range, from CHELSA; the extremes at the edge from NASA POWER. Habitat months, northern hemisphere.-20°-10°0°10°20°30°40°frost34.7° 99th-percentile day, NASA POWER-9.1° lowest night in 44 years, NASA POWER°C · day and nightcold quarter0100200300400mm rainDLI 18–32RH 58–66%JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
day night rain medians and 10th–90th percentile across 9 habitat cells, CHELSA cold quarter: the three months around the coldest month's mean nightly low extremes over 44 years at a typical spot in the range, from NASA POWER, marked at the edge, in no month DLI, mol/m²/dayRH %each on its own scale
Figures by month
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Day °C18 / 13–2119 / 15–2321 / 19–2725 / 24–2928 / 27–2930 / 28–3131 / 27–3332 / 27–3330 / 26–3027 / 24–2822 / 20–2419 / 15–20
Night °C8 / 4–119 / 7–1313 / 11–1616 / 16–2020 / 18–2323 / 20–2525 / 20–2625 / 19–2622 / 18–2417 / 16–2112 / 11–169 / 5–12
Rain mm49 / 14–6470 / 18–111109 / 21–196158 / 40–216255 / 130–311289 / 202–377248 / 140–296229 / 161–291158 / 96–23480 / 51–11649 / 43–5932 / 18–41
DLI19 / 16–2518 / 17–3220 / 19–3724 / 22–4027 / 26–3629 / 28–3332 / 31–3531 / 31–3329 / 28–3026 / 23–2922 / 20–2421 / 17–22
RH %59 / 55–6161 / 51–6363 / 49–6565 / 51–6765 / 57–6766 / 64–6866 / 61–6866 / 62–6863 / 60–6758 / 57–6458 / 55–6058 / 53–59
How this section is made
Each figure is the median across the 9 grid cells holding the 11 in-range records, with the 10th–90th percentile span across those cells after the slash where it differs. A dash is a month one or more of those cells has no figure for in the grid (a variable CHELSA does not carry there), so no median is taken rather than one over fewer cells. Extremes and elevation were read at a typical spot in the range, cell 1313:5789 (24.325, 109.475). Over 44 years there: absolute minimum -9.1 °C, 1st-percentile night -0.1 °C, 99th-percentile day 34.7 °C. Normals: CHELSA V2.1 1981–2010 climatology, 0.05° cells (each the mean of ~36 1 km pixels). Across the range: median and 10th–90th percentile of each month across the 9 distinct grid cells holding 11 of the 11 in-range records; extremes and elevation at the typical cell 1313:5789 (its coldest month's mean nightly low nearest the median across cells); its position is the cell centre. Extremes: NASA POWER (MERRA-2) daily 1981–2024, cell 24.50_109.375, lapse-corrected -78 m at 6.5 °C/km. Elevation: ETOPO 2022, 115 m (cell mean).

Natural habitat

Native range as published by WCVP; the marker is where the records are densest and decides nothing: the climate was read across the cells of the in-range records placed well enough to read one, not at the marker.
Openly licensed records inside the range, framed on where they fall.
NativeChina South-Central, Hainan, China Southeast, Assam, Bangladesh, East Himalaya, Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam · introduced: Kenya · regions are the level-3 units of the World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, as Kew's World Checklist records ranges, some under historical names such as Yugoslavia or Czechoslovakia (how).
Map marker23.117, 113.25 · in the densest population, 152 records (54% of those in range)
Kew's description“tree” · “subtropical” · quoted from WCVP, RBG Kew (CC BY 4.0); not derived here
Evidence usedThe map marker rests on all 280 georeferenced records inside the native range; the climate across the range on the 11 of them placed to within 10 km; the map shows only the 155 openly licensed ones, which alone would put the marker 529 km away. 7 records outside the WCVP native range not used. Under a dozen records behind the climate. 269 in-range records are placed to worse than 10 km, or with no stated accuracy (admitted only as a person's observation to three decimals), and stay on the map but off the climate.
How this section is made
The map marker: the openly licensed record nearest the middle of the densest 1° population inside the densest 4° block of the 280 in-range records; it decides nothing. Records outside the native range, living specimens and records marked introduced are not used; which records count.

Photographs

Dalbergia assamica, photograph 1did not load

Photographs: Lannafolium, CC0, via Wikimedia Commons.

Similar habitat climate The 6 nearest by mean daily high, mean nightly low and rain, month by month. How.

Cyclea hypoglauca Cyclea hypoglauca Menispermaceae Photo: CC0, author not statedMitreola petiolata Mitreola petiolata Lax hornpod Photo: CC BY, James HardeeHydrocotyle umbellata Hydrocotyle umbellata Water pennywort Photo: CC BY, Devin FloydParthenocissus quinquefolia Parthenocissus quinquefolia Virginia creeper Photo: CC BY, M. WhitsonGuihaia argyrata Guihaia argyrata Arecaceae Photo: Public domain, DaderotThelypteris kunthii Thelypteris kunthii Aspleniaceae Photo: CC0, Mx. Granger

Other Dalbergia 18 in the reference

Dalbergia armata Dalbergia armata Thorny Rope Photo: CC BY, Mark CostelloDalbergia benthamii Dalbergia benthamii Bentham's Rosewood Photo: CC BY, Denys VynokurovDalbergia cochinchinensis Dalbergia cochinchinensis Siamese Rosewood Photo: CC0, PamputtDalbergia ecastaphyllum Dalbergia ecastaphyllum Coinvine Photo: CC BY, Guillaume DelaitreDalbergia hupeana Dalbergia hupeana Hwangdan Photo: Public domain, CiftoniaDalbergia lanceolaria Dalbergia lanceolaria Fabaceae Photo: CC BY, Ravuri Krishna ChaitanyaDalbergia latifolia Dalbergia latifolia Indian rosewood Photo: CC BY, Ravuri Krishna ChaitanyaDalbergia melanoxylon Dalbergia melanoxylon African blackwood Photo: CC BY, Aadi KulkarniDalbergia millettii Dalbergia millettii Fabaceae Photo: CC0, author not statedDalbergia miscolobium Dalbergia miscolobium Fabaceae Photo: CC BY, Marcio Santos FerreiraDalbergia nigra Dalbergia nigra Bahia rosewood Photo: CC BY, Diogo LuizDalbergia obovata Dalbergia obovata Climbing Flat-bean Photo: CC0, author not stated all 19 ›

Names & registers

Also known as Amerimnon assamicum; Dalbergia assamica var. laccifera; Dalbergia balansae; Dalbergia hupeana var. laccifera; Dalbergia lanceolaria var. assamica and 2 more. (GBIF Backbone)

Under another author Dalbergia lanceolaria Hemsl. is an older name of this species, not Dalbergia lanceolaria, a species of the reference. (GBIF Backbone)

GBIFPOWOIPNIWFOWikidataWikipediaiNaturalist

The record

Family
Fabaceae
Described by
Benth.
Native to
China South-Central, Hainan, China Southeast +8
Wild records
280 in range · 155 open

Every figure here is derived from public data by a stated rule and names its source; nothing about this species is written for its page by a person or by AI, apart from the marked, credited quotations. How →

Where this page came from built 2026-10-22
GBIF species record gbif.species answeredasked 2026-10-22
GBIF synonyms gbif.synonyms answeredasked 2026-10-22
GBIF common names gbif.vernacular answeredasked 2026-10-22names fetched 2026-10-22
WCVP native range wcvp.distribution answeredas of 2026-06-04
GBIF occurrence records gbif.occurrences answeredas of 2026-10-21GBIF occurrence download https://doi.org/10.15468/dl.hbdw64, of 2026-10-21; 16 records within 1 km of a botanic garden, herbarium or zoo left out (16 at a botanic garden or arboretum; Wikidata's list)
Habitat climate climate answeredasked 2026-10-22
Daily extremes (NASA POWER) climate.extremes answeredasked 2026-10-22NASA POWER (MERRA-2) daily 1981–2024, cell 24.50_109.375, lapse-corrected -78 m at 6.5 °C/km
Wikidata wikidata answeredasked 2026-10-22
Wikipedia wikipedia answeredasked 2026-10-22
iNaturalist photographs, wild inat.photos.wild nothing to reportasked 2026-10-22from iNaturalist's open data of 2026-09-27: research-grade observations with an open-licence photograph, the 24 whose photographs iNaturalist received last (the open data holds no votes); filled 2026-10-22
iNaturalist photographs, cultivated inat.photos.cultivated not asked
GBIF media gbif.media nothing to reportasked 2026-10-22
Wikimedia Commons commons answeredasked 2026-10-22
OpenAlex papers openalex not askednot yet asked for this reference; a later fill takes the papers from OpenAlex's snapshot

Every source is recorded as having answered, reported nothing, refused, failed, not been asked, or answered twice where one answer is taken (“not taken: two items answered”), and, for a source asked when this page was built, when: the figures are as the source held them that day; a source read from a file (Kew's World Checklist, a GBIF download) says "as of" the file's day instead; a row carried from an earlier build of the page names that build instead. Only “nothing to report” is ever shown as an absence. Records came from 31 datasets via GBIF.org; each carries its own licence.

Cultifolio

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