21 photographs › At a glance
- Jan
- Feb
- Mar
- Apr
- May, shaded
- Jun, shaded
- Jul, shaded
- Aug, shaded
- Sep, shaded
- Oct, shaded
- Nov
- Dec
About the genus · Dianthus
Dianthus is a genus of about 340 species of flowering plants in the family Caryophyllaceae, native mainly to Europe and Asia, with a few species in northern and southern Africa, and one species (D. repens) in arctic North America. A least two species are introduced in North America: Dianthus armeria and Dianthus deltoides. Common names include carnation (D. caryophyllus), pink, and sweet william (D. barbatus).
Quoted from Wikipedia, "Dianthus", CC BY-SA 4.0.
Cultivation
Seasons
The rain rule reads a summer growing season: 70% of the median year's rain (2,515 mm of 3,371 mm) falls in May to October, warmer than the year (wet-season mean 14.7 °C against a yearly mean of 11.4 °C). Months are the habitat's, northern hemisphere; shifted six months for a southern-hemisphere collection: November to April.
Rain
3,371 mm in the median year at the habitat, 2,515 mm of it May to October. Wettest month September at 509 mm, driest month December at 84 mm. Across the grid cells of the range the year's total runs 3,077 mm to 4,416 mm, the 10th to 90th percentile of each cell's own year. The median of the cells' own yearly totals, 3,295 mm, is the year's rain at the top of the page; the 3,371 mm here is the median year's, the twelve monthly medians added, which the rain rule reads. Habitat calendar, northern hemisphere; median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA.
Light
Open sky over the habitat: 18 to 35 mol/m²/day across the year (daily light integral, median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA; the lowest 10th-percentile month across the cells is 16, the highest 90th-percentile month 36).
Warmth and air
Monthly means: the coldest month's mean nightly low 1.4 °C in January (across the grid cells of the range -2.7 °C to 8.2 °C), the warmest month's mean daily high 18.9 °C in July (median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA). Cold floor: none read. The nearest figure is 1.4 °C, the coldest month's mean nightly low, January, in the median year (CHELSA); a month's mean of its nightly lows is warmer than the nights a floor is read from. The daily extremes were read at a weather cell whose ground is too far above or below the typical spot to correct for, and are not used.
Relative humidity at the habitat: 61 to 68% across the year (monthly means, median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA). A figure about the air, saying nothing about how the plant takes water.
How this section is made
Each card states this species' habitat figures with their sources, and what two fixed rules read from them; nothing here says what the plant does, wants or tolerates. The rules · the terms.
Seasons. Read from the median year of CHELSA monthly rainfall and mean temperature across the grid cells of the range: the rain rule takes the smallest set of months carrying 70% of the rain and calls it winter when its mean is more than half a degree below the year's, summer when more than that above, and neither in between; the temperature rule, used only under 120 mm, names the cooler six months when they are at least a degree cooler than the other six. Months are shifted for the other hemisphere only where the temperature curve moves 4 °C or more and the habitat lies 10° or more from the equator. A reading of the curves, not an observation of the plant.
Rain. CHELSA monthly precipitation, median year across the grid cells of the range. The rain that falls where the species is recorded; nothing about how the plant takes water.
Light. CHELSA shortwave radiation at each envelope cell, a daily-mean flux taken to a daily total and converted at 2.07 mol of PAR per MJ. The sky over the habitat, measured; what reaches a plant under a rock, a shrub or a shade cloth is not.
Temperature. CHELSA monthly means, median year across the grid cells of the range. No cold floor is read without a daily extremes series; the coldest month's mean nightly low named in its sentence is not one. Not a measured survival limit for any plant in a pot.
Humidity. CHELSA relative humidity, median year across the grid cells of the range.
Climate across the habitat
Habitat months, northern hemisphere
Mean daily high from 9 °C in Jan to 19 °C in Jul; mean nightly low from 1 °C in Jan to 11 °C in Jun, Jul, Aug and Sep. The cold quarter, Dec to Feb, is the three months around the coldest month's mean nightly low. 3,371 mm of rain in the median year (the twelve monthly medians added), the wettest month Sep. The bands show the 10th to 90th percentile across 12 habitat cells. Beneath: daily light integral and relative humidity through the year, each on its own scale.
Figures by month
| Figure | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Day °C | 9 / 5–15 | 10 / 6–16 | 13 / 9–18 | 15 / 11–21 | 17 / 13–23 | 18 / 15–25 | 19 / 16–25 | 18 / 15–25 | 17 / 14–24 | 16 / 12–22 | 13 / 9–20 | 10 / 6–16 |
| Night °C | 1 / -3–8 | 3 / -1–10 | 5 / 1–12 | 8 / 4–15 | 9 / 6–16 | 11 / 8–18 | 11 / 8–18 | 11 / 8–18 | 11 / 8–17 | 9 / 5–16 | 6 / 2–13 | 3 / -2–9 |
| Rain mm | 87 / 75–105 | 178 / 166–185 | 186 / 178–202 | 218 / 193–308 | 372 / 335–561 | 457 / 401–708 | 452 / 393–694 | 502 / 444–765 | 509 / 413–557 | 223 / 152–292 | 103 / 70–129 | 84 / 67–89 |
| DLI | 19 / 17–20 | 21 / 19–22 | 27 / 24–27 | 30 / 29–30 | 30 / 29–31 | 30 / 29–32 | 35 / 34–36 | 32 / 30–32 | 28 / 27–29 | 25 / 24–27 | 21 / 19–22 | 18 / 16–20 |
| RH % | 63 / 58–65 | 64 / 61–66 | 64 / 60–65 | 64 / 61–66 | 65 / 62–68 | 66 / 63–68 | 65 / 61–67 | 67 / 63–69 | 68 / 63–69 | 65 / 60–68 | 63 / 58–66 | 61 / 56–65 |
The daily extremes were not used: the correction for elevation, +1650 m, is beyond the 1,000 m either way that a lapse rate is applied over, so the weather cell's ground is other terrain than the typical spot's. So no cold floor is read for this species, and the coldest month's mean nightly low is not taken as one. What that cell gave, so corrected, over 44 years: absolute minimum -10.4 °C, 1st-percentile night -4.1 °C.
How this section is made
Natural habitat
How this section is made
Photographs
Photographs: (c) Jason, some rights reserved (CC BY) (2); (c) Cynthia Su, some rights reserved (CC BY); (c) 梁頌恩, some rights reserved (CC BY); (c) Tzu-Neng Yuan, some rights reserved (CC BY) (2).
Related
Similar habitat climate The 6 nearest by mean daily high, mean nightly low and rain, month by month. How.
Sorbus randaiensis Rosaceae Photo: CC BY, Rick Chou
Rosa transmorrisonensis Glandular Rose Photo: CC BY, Rick Chou
Gaultheria borneensis Ericaceae Photo: CC BY-SA, jengru
Cirsium arisanense Alishan thistle Photo: CC BY, Rick Chou
Rhododendron rubropilosum Ericaceae Photo: CC BY, Cheng-Te Hsu
Berberis kawakamii Berberidaceae Photo: CC BY, 鄭雪雲Other Dianthus 94 in the reference
Dianthus acicularis Caryophyllaceae Photo: CC BY, Полина Полежанкина
Dianthus alpinus Caryophyllaceae Photo: CC BY, Elias
Dianthus anatolicus Anatolian Pink Photo: CC BY-SA, Paul Hermans Dianthus angrenicus Caryophyllaceae Dianthus anticarius Andalusian Pink 
Dianthus arenarius Stone pink Photo: CC BY, Алёна Осипова
Dianthus armeria Deptford pink Photo: CC BY, Patrice Dupont
Dianthus arpadianus Caryophyllaceae Photo: CC BY-SA, Ersin Karabacak
Dianthus balbisii Balbis' Pink Photo: CC BY, yellowplant
Dianthus barbatus Sweet-William Photo: CC BY, giantcicada
Dianthus basuticus Lesotho Pink Photo: CC BY-SA, Nicola van Berkel
Dianthus benearnensis Bearn Pink Photo: CC BY, Tracy PW all 95 ›Names & registers
Also known as Dianthus pygmaeus f. albiflorus; Dianthus pygmaeus subsp. albiflorus; Dianthus pygmaeus var. albiflorus. (GBIF Backbone)
The record
Every figure here is derived from public data by a stated rule and names its source; nothing about this species is written for its page by a person or by AI, apart from the marked, credited quotations. How →
Where this page came from built 2026-10-22
gbif.species answeredasked 2026-10-22gbif.synonyms answeredasked 2026-10-22gbif.vernacular answeredasked 2026-10-22names fetched 2026-10-22wcvp.distribution answeredas of 2026-06-04gbif.occurrences answeredas of 2026-10-21GBIF occurrence download https://doi.org/10.15468/dl.hbdw64, of 2026-10-21climate answeredasked 2026-10-22climate.extremes answeredasked 2026-10-22NASA POWER (MERRA-2) daily 1981–2024, cell 23.50_120.625, lapse-corrected +1650 m at 6.5 °C/km; read, and set aside: the correction for elevation, +1650 m, is beyond the 1,000 m either way that a lapse rate is applied over, so the weather cell's ground is other terrain than the typical spot's, so no cold floor is shownwikidata answeredasked 2026-10-22wikipedia nothing to reportasked 2026-10-22inat.photos.wild answeredasked 2026-10-22from iNaturalist's open data of 2026-09-27: research-grade observations with an open-licence photograph, the 24 whose photographs iNaturalist received last (the open data holds no votes); filled 2026-10-22inat.photos.cultivated not askedgbif.media answeredasked 2026-10-22none of the photographs on this page is credited to GBIF: those shown are other sources', and GBIF's were the same photographs or were set aside by the photograph rulesopenalex not askednot yet asked for this reference; a later fill takes the papers from OpenAlex's snapshotEvery source is recorded as having answered, reported nothing, refused, failed, not been asked, or answered twice where one answer is taken (“not taken: two items answered”), and, for a source asked when this page was built, when: the figures are as the source held them that day; a source read from a file (Kew's World Checklist, a GBIF download) says "as of" the file's day instead; a row carried from an earlier build of the page names that build instead. Only “nothing to report” is ever shown as an absence. Records came from 10 datasets via GBIF.org; each carries its own licence.