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Dionysia mira; photograph Julien Renoult, CC BY, iNaturalist via GBIF CC BYJulien Renoult, CC BY, iNaturalist via GBIF

Dionysia mira (Jaub. & Spach) Wendelbo

Primulaceae · Oman

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Dionysia mira, photograph Julien Renoult, CC BY, iNaturalist via GBIFDionysia mira, photograph Julien Renoult, CC BY, iNaturalist via GBIFDionysia mira, photograph Krzysztof Ziarnek, CC BY, iNaturalist via GBIFDionysia mira, photograph Krzysztof Ziarnek, CC BY, iNaturalist via GBIFDionysia mira, photograph Krzysztof Ziarnek, CC BY, iNaturalist via GBIFDionysia mira, photograph Krzysztof Ziarnek, CC BY, iNaturalist via GBIF 16 photographs ›
Habitat figures
Coldest month, mean nightly low
5.7°C
Jan at the habitat, not a floor; extremes not used (the weather cell's ground is too far off) CHELSA
Warmest month, mean daily high
32°C
Jun and Jul at the habitat CHELSA
Rain a year (median across the range)
199mm
3 months of 25 mm or more in the median year CHELSA
Open-sky light
27–50DLI
Lowest to highest month (DLI) CHELSA
The year in your months, northern hemisphere
  1. Jan
  2. Feb
  3. Mar
  4. Apr
  5. May
  6. Jun
  7. Jul
  8. Aug
  9. Sep
  10. Oct
  11. Nov
  12. Dec
Wet winters: the rain comes January to April and July to August, read as a winter growing season. rain rule, CHELSA
Northern hemisphere unless you set your site. The chart is in the habitat's months.

Cultivation

Seasons

The rain rule reads a winter growing season: 70% of the median year's rain (153 mm of 202 mm) falls in January to April and July to August, cooler than the year (wet-season mean 19.0 °C against a yearly mean of 19.9 °C). Months are the habitat's, northern hemisphere; shifted six months for a southern-hemisphere collection: January to February and July to October.

Rain

202 mm in the median year at the habitat, 153 mm of it January to April and July to August. Wettest month February at 36 mm, driest months (2 at 6 mm). Across the grid cells of the range the year's total runs 181 mm to 217 mm, the 10th to 90th percentile of each cell's own year. The median of the cells' own yearly totals, 199 mm, is the year's rain at the top of the page; the 202 mm here is the median year's, the twelve monthly medians added, which the rain rule reads. Habitat calendar, northern hemisphere; median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA.

Light

Open sky over the habitat: 27 to 50 mol/m²/day across the year (daily light integral, median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA; the lowest 10th-percentile month across the cells is 25, the highest 90th-percentile month 50).

Warmth and air
Temperature

Monthly means: the coldest month's mean nightly low 5.7 °C in January (across the grid cells of the range 3.9 °C to 10.4 °C), the warmest month's mean daily high 32.1 °C in June (median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA). Cold floor: none read. The nearest figure is 5.7 °C, the coldest month's mean nightly low, January, in the median year (CHELSA); a month's mean of its nightly lows is warmer than the nights a floor is read from. The daily extremes were read at a weather cell whose ground is too far above or below the typical spot to correct for, and are not used.

Humidity

Relative humidity at the habitat: 35 to 48% across the year (monthly means, median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA). A figure about the air, saying nothing about how the plant takes water.

How this section is made

Each card states this species' habitat figures with their sources, and what two fixed rules read from them; nothing here says what the plant does, wants or tolerates. The rules · the terms.

Seasons. Read from the median year of CHELSA monthly rainfall and mean temperature across the grid cells of the range: the rain rule takes the smallest set of months carrying 70% of the rain and calls it winter when its mean is more than half a degree below the year's, summer when more than that above, and neither in between; the temperature rule, used only under 120 mm, names the cooler six months when they are at least a degree cooler than the other six. Months are shifted for the other hemisphere only where the temperature curve moves 4 °C or more and the habitat lies 10° or more from the equator. A reading of the curves, not an observation of the plant.

Rain. CHELSA monthly precipitation, median year across the grid cells of the range. The rain that falls where the species is recorded; nothing about how the plant takes water.

Light. CHELSA shortwave radiation at each envelope cell, a daily-mean flux taken to a daily total and converted at 2.07 mol of PAR per MJ. The sky over the habitat, measured; what reaches a plant under a rock, a shrub or a shade cloth is not.

Temperature. CHELSA monthly means, median year across the grid cells of the range. No cold floor is read without a daily extremes series; the coldest month's mean nightly low named in its sentence is not one. Not a measured survival limit for any plant in a pot.

Humidity. CHELSA relative humidity, median year across the grid cells of the range.

Climate across the habitat

Habitat months, northern hemisphere

Habitat climate of Dionysia mira through the yearWarmest months June and July, mean daily high 32 °C; coldest month January, mean nightly low 5.7 °C; 202 mm of rain in the median year (the twelve monthly medians added). Medians across the range, from CHELSA. Habitat months, northern hemisphere.0°10°20°30°40°°C · day and nightcold quarter010203040mm rainDLI 27–50RH 35–48%JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
day night rain medians and 10th–90th percentile across 6 habitat cells, CHELSA cold quarter: the three months around the coldest month's mean nightly low DLI, mol/m²/dayRH %each on its own scale
Figures by month
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Day °C15 / 13–2017 / 16–2221 / 19–2625 / 23–3030 / 28–3532 / 30–3732 / 30–3731 / 29–3629 / 27–3425 / 23–3020 / 18–2517 / 15–21
Night °C6 / 4–107 / 6–1210 / 9–1515 / 12–1919 / 17–2421 / 19–2622 / 20–2621 / 19–2519 / 17–2315 / 13–2011 / 9–167 / 6–12
Rain mm13 / 12–1436 / 30–3734 / 31–4024 / 21–2510 / 9–128 / 7–1026 / 22–3020 / 16–227 / 6–86 / 6–86 / 4–712 / 12–13
DLI28 / 27–3334 / 32–3840 / 39–4346 / 45–4750 / 49–5048 / 46–4844 / 42–4442 / 41–4240 / 39–4237 / 35–4031 / 29–3527 / 25–31
RH %48 / 46–5045 / 45–4743 / 43–4440 / 39–4135 / 34–3736 / 35–3741 / 40–4242 / 42–4340 / 39–4040 / 40–4247 / 46–4848 / 47–50

The daily extremes were not used: the correction for elevation, +1472 m, is beyond the 1,000 m either way that a lapse rate is applied over, so the weather cell's ground is other terrain than the typical spot's. So no cold floor is read for this species, and the coldest month's mean nightly low is not taken as one. What that cell gave, so corrected, over 44 years: absolute minimum -3.4 °C, 1st-percentile night 0.6 °C.

How this section is made
Each figure is the median across the 6 grid cells holding the 21 in-range records, with the 10th–90th percentile span across those cells after the slash where it differs. A dash is a month one or more of those cells has no figure for in the grid (a variable CHELSA does not carry there), so no median is taken rather than one over fewer cells. Extremes and elevation were read at a typical spot in the range, cell 1334:4744 (23.275, 57.225). Normals: CHELSA V2.1 1981–2010 climatology, 0.05° cells (each the mean of ~36 1 km pixels). Across the range: median and 10th–90th percentile of each month across the 6 distinct grid cells holding 21 of the 21 in-range records; extremes and elevation at the typical cell 1334:4744 (its coldest month's mean nightly low nearest the median across cells); its position is the cell centre. Extremes: NASA POWER (MERRA-2) daily 1981–2024, cell 23.50_57.500, lapse-corrected +1472 m at 6.5 °C/km. Elevation: ETOPO 2022, 2011 m (cell mean).

Natural habitat

Native range as published by WCVP; the marker is where the records are densest and decides nothing: the climate was read across the cells of the in-range records placed well enough to read one, not at the marker.
Openly licensed records inside the range, framed on where they fall.
NativeOman · regions are the level-3 units of the World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, as Kew's World Checklist records ranges, some under historical names such as Yugoslavia or Czechoslovakia (how).
Map marker23.117, 57.65 · in the densest population, 24 records (100% of those in range)
Kew's description“subshrub” · “subtropical” · quoted from WCVP, RBG Kew (CC BY 4.0); not derived here
Evidence usedThe map marker rests on all 24 georeferenced records inside the native range; the climate across the range on the 21 of them placed to within 10 km; the map shows only the 3 openly licensed ones, which alone would put the marker 9 km away. 3 in-range records are placed to worse than 10 km, or with no stated accuracy (admitted only as a person's observation to three decimals), and stay on the map but off the climate.
How this section is made
The map marker: the openly licensed record nearest the middle of the densest 1° population of the 24 in-range records; it decides nothing. Records outside the native range, living specimens and records marked introduced are not used; which records count.

Photographs

Dionysia mira, photograph 1did not loadDionysia mira, photograph 2did not loadDionysia mira, photograph 3did not loadDionysia mira, photograph 4did not loadDionysia mira, photograph 5did not loadDionysia mira, photograph 6did not load

Photographs: Julien Renoult, CC BY, iNaturalist via GBIF (2); Krzysztof Ziarnek, CC BY, iNaturalist via GBIF (4).

Similar habitat climate The 6 nearest by mean daily high, mean nightly low and rain, month by month. How.

Dipcadi biflorum Asparagaceae Ceratonia oreothauma Fabaceae Sesuvium revolutifolium Sesuvium revolutifolium Aizoaceae Photo: CC BY, Kevin FaccendaAllenrolfea occidentalis Allenrolfea occidentalis Iodine-bush Photo: CC0, author not statedEphedra aspera Ephedra aspera Boundary ephedra Photo: CC BY, Martin PurdyPorophyllum gracile Porophyllum gracile Slender poreleaf Photo: CC BY, Matt Berger

Other Dionysia 40 in the reference

Dionysia afghanica Dionysia afghanica Primulaceae Photo: CC BY-SA, AveraterDionysia aretioides Dionysia aretioides Primulaceae Photo: CC BY-SA, KENPEIDionysia bornmuelleri Dionysia bornmuelleri Primulaceae Photo: CC BY-SA, AveraterDionysia bryoides Dionysia bryoides Primulaceae Photo: CC BY-SA, ghislain118…Dionysia cristagalli Dionysia cristagalli Primulaceae Photo: CC BY, AveraterDionysia curviflora Dionysia curviflora Primulaceae Photo: CC BY-SA, AveraterDionysia denticulata Dionysia denticulata Primulaceae Photo: CC BY-SA, AveraterDionysia diapensiifolia Dionysia diapensiifolia Primulaceae Photo: CC BY-SA, Averater Dionysia drabifolia Primulaceae Dionysia esfandiarii Dionysia esfandiarii Primulaceae Photo: CC BY-SA, AveraterDionysia freitagii Dionysia freitagii Primulaceae Photo: CC BY-SA, AveraterDionysia gaubae Dionysia gaubae Primulaceae Photo: CC BY-SA, Averater all 41 ›

Names & registers

Also known as Primula aucheri. (GBIF Backbone)

GBIFPOWOIPNIWFOWikidata

The record

Family
Primulaceae
Described by
(Jaub. & Spach) Wendelbo
Native to
Oman
Wild records
24 in range · 3 open

Every figure here is derived from public data by a stated rule and names its source; nothing about this species is written for its page by a person or by AI, apart from the marked, credited quotations. How →

Where this page came from built 2026-10-22
GBIF species record gbif.species answeredasked 2026-10-22
GBIF synonyms gbif.synonyms answeredasked 2026-10-22
GBIF common names gbif.vernacular answeredasked 2026-10-22names fetched 2026-10-22
WCVP native range wcvp.distribution answeredas of 2026-06-04
GBIF occurrence records gbif.occurrences answeredas of 2026-10-21GBIF occurrence download https://doi.org/10.15468/dl.hbdw64, of 2026-10-21
Habitat climate climate answeredasked 2026-10-22
Daily extremes (NASA POWER) climate.extremes answeredasked 2026-10-22NASA POWER (MERRA-2) daily 1981–2024, cell 23.50_57.500, lapse-corrected +1472 m at 6.5 °C/km; read, and set aside: the correction for elevation, +1472 m, is beyond the 1,000 m either way that a lapse rate is applied over, so the weather cell's ground is other terrain than the typical spot's, so no cold floor is shown
Wikidata wikidata answeredasked 2026-10-22
Wikipedia wikipedia nothing to reportasked 2026-10-22
iNaturalist taxon inat.taxon not asked
iNaturalist photographs, wild inat.photos.wild not asked
iNaturalist photographs, cultivated inat.photos.cultivated not asked
GBIF media gbif.media answeredasked 2026-10-22
Wikimedia Commons commons answeredasked 2026-10-22
OpenAlex papers openalex not askednot yet asked for this reference; a later fill takes the papers from OpenAlex's snapshot

Every source is recorded as having answered, reported nothing, refused, failed, not been asked, or answered twice where one answer is taken (“not taken: two items answered”), and, for a source asked when this page was built, when: the figures are as the source held them that day; a source read from a file (Kew's World Checklist, a GBIF download) says "as of" the file's day instead; a row carried from an earlier build of the page names that build instead. Only “nothing to report” is ever shown as an absence. Records came from 2 datasets via GBIF.org; each carries its own licence.

Cultifolio

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