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Diplacus × australis; photograph Jasper Shide, CC0, iNaturalist via GBIF CC0Jasper Shide, CC0, iNaturalist via GBIF

Diplacus × australis (Munz) Tulig

Phrymaceae · California, Mexico Northwest

Cited as Kew's World Checklist cites it, Diplacus × australis (Munz) Tulig: GBIF's backbone key for this page carries the name with another author, (Mc Minn ex Munz) Tulig.

A hybrid: D. longiflorus × D. puniceus, the parents Kew's World Checklist states for it (WCVP, RBG Kew).

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Diplacus × australis, photograph Jasper Shide, CC0, iNaturalist via GBIFDiplacus × australis, photograph TonyT, CC BY, iNaturalist via GBIFDiplacus × australis, photograph Andre Dominguez, CC BY, iNaturalist via GBIFDiplacus × australis, photograph Jesse Rorabaugh, CC BY, iNaturalist via GBIFDiplacus × australis, photograph Carly Slawson, CC BY, iNaturalist via GBIFDiplacus × australis, photograph Carly Slawson, CC BY, iNaturalist via GBIF 24 photographs ›
Habitat figures
Cold floor (1 night in 100)
3.9°C
Record low -1.1 °C in 44 years, at a typical spot in the range NASA POWER
Warmest month, mean daily high
30°C
Aug at the habitat CHELSA
Rain a year (median across the range)
366mm
6 months of 25 mm or more in the median year CHELSA
Open-sky light
19–52DLI
Lowest to highest month (DLI) CHELSA
The year in your months, northern hemisphere
  1. Jan
  2. Feb
  3. Mar
  4. Apr
  5. May
  6. Jun
  7. Jul
  8. Aug
  9. Sep
  10. Oct
  11. Nov
  12. Dec
Wet winters: the rain comes December to March, read as a winter growing season. rain rule, CHELSA
Northern hemisphere unless you set your site. The chart is in the habitat's months.

Summary

Diplacus × australis is a hybrid species of flowering plant. It is a subshrub native to southwestern California and northwestern Baja California. It is a hybrid of Diplacus longiflorus and Diplacus puniceus. It grows in chaparral and montane chaparral, on granite outcrops, and in disturbed areas in the Southern California coastal plain, the Transverse Ranges (western Transverse Ranges, San Gabriel Mountains, and San Bernardino Mountains), and the northern Peninsular Ranges.

Quoted from Wikipedia, "Diplacus × australis", CC BY-SA 4.0.

About the genus · Diplacus

Diplacus is a genus of flowering plants in the family Phrymaceae, which was traditionally placed in family Scrophulariaceae. It includes 49 species native to the western United States and northwestern Mexico. Most prefer dry and rocky areas.

Quoted from Wikipedia, "Diplacus", CC BY-SA 4.0.

Cultivation

Seasons

The rain rule reads a winter growing season: 70% of the median year's rain (267 mm of 368 mm) falls in December to March, cooler than the year (wet-season mean 12.1 °C against a yearly mean of 16.6 °C). Months are the habitat's, northern hemisphere; shifted six months for a southern-hemisphere collection: June to September.

Rain

368 mm in the median year at the habitat, 267 mm of it December to March. Wettest month February at 82 mm, driest month July at 2 mm; 3 months under 5 mm. Across the grid cells of the range the year's total runs 294 mm to 547 mm, the 10th to 90th percentile of each cell's own year. The median of the cells' own yearly totals, 366 mm, is the year's rain at the top of the page; the 368 mm here is the median year's, the twelve monthly medians added, which the rain rule reads. Habitat calendar, northern hemisphere; median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA.

Light

Open sky over the habitat: 19 to 52 mol/m²/day across the year (daily light integral, median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA; the lowest 10th-percentile month across the cells is 18, the highest 90th-percentile month 54).

Warmth and air
Temperature

Coldest: the 1st-percentile night over 44 years at a typical spot in the range is 3.9 °C, the absolute minimum -1.1 °C, 5 frost nights in 44 years (NASA POWER daily minima). Warmest: the 99th-percentile day is 33.1 °C. Monthly means: the coldest month's mean nightly low 6.0 °C in January (across the grid cells of the range 2.9 °C to 9.2 °C), the warmest month's mean daily high 29.9 °C in August (median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA). Cold floor: 3.9 °C, which is the 1st-percentile night over 44 years at a typical spot in the range (NASA POWER).

Humidity

Relative humidity at the habitat: 53 to 59% across the year (monthly means, median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA). A figure about the air, saying nothing about how the plant takes water.

How this section is made

Each card states this species' habitat figures with their sources, and what two fixed rules read from them; nothing here says what the plant does, wants or tolerates. The rules · the terms.

Seasons. Read from the median year of CHELSA monthly rainfall and mean temperature across the grid cells of the range: the rain rule takes the smallest set of months carrying 70% of the rain and calls it winter when its mean is more than half a degree below the year's, summer when more than that above, and neither in between; the temperature rule, used only under 120 mm, names the cooler six months when they are at least a degree cooler than the other six. Months are shifted for the other hemisphere only where the temperature curve moves 4 °C or more and the habitat lies 10° or more from the equator. A reading of the curves, not an observation of the plant.

Rain. CHELSA monthly precipitation, median year across the grid cells of the range. The rain that falls where the species is recorded; nothing about how the plant takes water.

Light. CHELSA shortwave radiation at each envelope cell, a daily-mean flux taken to a daily total and converted at 2.07 mol of PAR per MJ. The sky over the habitat, measured; what reaches a plant under a rock, a shrub or a shade cloth is not.

Temperature. NASA POWER daily minima and maxima over 44 years at a typical spot in the range, lapse-corrected +115 m to its elevation; CHELSA monthly means, median year across the grid cells of the range. The cold floor is the 1st-percentile night named in its sentence. Not a measured survival limit for any plant in a pot.

Humidity. CHELSA relative humidity, median year across the grid cells of the range.

Climate across the habitat

Habitat months, northern hemisphere

Habitat climate of Diplacus × australis through the yearWarmest month August, mean daily high 30 °C; coldest month January, mean nightly low 6.0 °C; 368 mm of rain in the median year (the twelve monthly medians added). Medians across the range, from CHELSA; the extremes at the edge from NASA POWER. Habitat months, northern hemisphere.-10°0°10°20°30°40°frost33.1° 99th-percentile day, NASA POWER-1.1° lowest night in 44 years, NASA POWER°C · day and nightcold quarter0255075100125mm rainDLI 19–52RH 53–59%JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
day night rain medians and 10th–90th percentile across 378 habitat cells, CHELSA cold quarter: the three months around the coldest month's mean nightly low extremes over 44 years at a typical spot in the range, from NASA POWER, marked at the edge, in no month DLI, mol/m²/dayRH %each on its own scale
Figures by month
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Day °C17 / 14–1817 / 14–1818 / 16–2020 / 19–2223 / 20–2526 / 22–2929 / 24–3230 / 25–3228 / 25–3024 / 22–2620 / 18–2117 / 14–18
Night °C6 / 3–97 / 3–108 / 5–1110 / 6–1212 / 10–1415 / 13–1517 / 16–1818 / 17–1917 / 15–1813 / 10–159 / 6–126 / 3–10
Rain mm69 / 55–10082 / 65–11660 / 47–8627 / 20–427 / 5–113 / 2–42 / 1–73 / 1–126 / 5–1018 / 14–2635 / 28–5056 / 44–87
DLI21 / 20–2226 / 25–2735 / 34–3643 / 42–4549 / 48–5152 / 51–5451 / 50–5247 / 46–4840 / 39–4131 / 30–3323 / 22–2519 / 18–21
RH %55 / 51–5957 / 54–6159 / 55–6258 / 53–6259 / 52–6458 / 49–6456 / 47–6555 / 47–6455 / 48–6455 / 50–6253 / 49–5953 / 50–58
How this section is made
Each figure is the median across the 378 grid cells holding the 1432 in-range records, with the 10th–90th percentile span across those cells after the slash where it differs. A dash is a month one or more of those cells has no figure for in the grid (a variable CHELSA does not carry there), so no median is taken rather than one over fewer cells. Extremes and elevation were read at a typical spot in the range, cell 1126:1247 (33.675, -117.625). Over 44 years there: absolute minimum -1.1 °C, 1st-percentile night 3.9 °C, 99th-percentile day 33.1 °C. Normals: CHELSA V2.1 1981–2010 climatology, 0.05° cells (each the mean of ~36 1 km pixels). Across the range: median and 10th–90th percentile of each month across the 378 distinct grid cells holding 1432 of the 1432 in-range records; extremes and elevation at the typical cell 1126:1247 (its coldest month's mean nightly low nearest the median across cells); its position is the cell centre. Extremes: NASA POWER (MERRA-2) daily 1981–2024, cell 33.50_-117.500, lapse-corrected +115 m at 6.5 °C/km. Elevation: ETOPO 2022, 362 m (cell mean).

Natural habitat

Native range as published by WCVP; the marker is where the records are densest and decides nothing: the climate was read across the cells of the in-range records placed well enough to read one, not at the marker.
Openly licensed records inside the range, framed on where they fall.
NativeCalifornia, Mexico Northwest · regions are the level-3 units of the World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, as Kew's World Checklist records ranges, some under historical names such as Yugoslavia or Czechoslovakia (how).
Map marker33.148, -117.244 · in the densest population, 1540 records (97% of those in range)
Kew's description“subshrub” · “subtropical” · quoted from WCVP, RBG Kew (CC BY 4.0); not derived here
Evidence usedThe map marker rests on all 1591 georeferenced records inside the native range; the climate across the range on the 1432 of them placed to within 10 km; the map shows only the 229 openly licensed ones, which alone would put the marker 63 km away. 159 in-range records are placed to worse than 10 km, or with no stated accuracy (admitted only as a person's observation to three decimals), and stay on the map but off the climate.
How this section is made
The map marker: the openly licensed record nearest the middle of the densest 1° population of the 1591 in-range records; it decides nothing. Records outside the native range, living specimens and records marked introduced are not used; which records count.

Photographs

Diplacus × australis, photograph 1did not loadDiplacus × australis, photograph 2did not loadDiplacus × australis, photograph 3did not loadDiplacus × australis, photograph 4did not loadDiplacus × australis, photograph 5did not loadDiplacus × australis, photograph 6did not load

Photographs: Jasper Shide, CC0, iNaturalist via GBIF; TonyT, CC BY, iNaturalist via GBIF; Andre Dominguez, CC BY, iNaturalist via GBIF; Jesse Rorabaugh, CC BY, iNaturalist via GBIF; Carly Slawson, CC BY, iNaturalist via GBIF (2).

Similar habitat climate The 6 nearest by mean daily high, mean nightly low and rain, month by month. How.

Calochortus weedii Calochortus weedii Weed's mariposa lily Photo: CC0, author not statedCeanothus tomentosus Ceanothus tomentosus Ramona Lilac Photo: CC BY, Rachel AllinghamSalvia apiana Salvia apiana White sage Photo: CC BY, Trevor HardingMarah macrocarpa Marah macrocarpa Chilicothe Photo: CC0, author not statedEricameria palmeri Ericameria palmeri Palmer's goldenbush Photo: CC0, author not statedSalvia clevelandii Salvia clevelandii Cleveland Sage Photo: CC0, author not stated

Other Diplacus 16 in the reference

Diplacus aridus Diplacus aridus San Diego bush monkeyflower Photo: CC BY, Melanie J. DavisDiplacus aurantiacus Diplacus aurantiacus Orange bush monkey-flower Photo: CC BY, 66dodgeDiplacus bicolor Diplacus bicolor Harlequin monkeyflower Photo: CC BY, Jacob SaucierDiplacus bigelovii Diplacus bigelovii Bigelow's monkeyflower Photo: CC BY, Matt BergerDiplacus brevipes Diplacus brevipes Wide-throat yellow monkey-flower Photo: CC0, author not statedDiplacus calycinus Diplacus calycinus Kaweah River bush monkeyflower Photo: CC BY, SergeyDiplacus clevelandii Diplacus clevelandii Cleveland's bush monkeyflower Photo: CC BY, Eric Alan IsaacsonDiplacus grandiflorus Diplacus grandiflorus Largeflower bush monkeyflower Photo: CC0, author not statedDiplacus kelloggii Diplacus kelloggii Kellogg's monkeyflower Photo: CC BY, Kyle ElshoffDiplacus linearis Diplacus linearis Chaparral bush monkeyflower Photo: CC BY, Daniel KennedyDiplacus longiflorus Diplacus longiflorus Southern bush monkeyflower Photo: CC BY, Matt BergerDiplacus parviflorus Diplacus parviflorus Island bush monkeyflower Photo: CC BY, Matt Berger all 17 ›

Names & registers

Also known as Diplacus aurantiacus subsp. australis; Mimulus aurantiacus subsp. australis. (GBIF Backbone)

GBIFPOWOIPNIWFOWikidataWikipedia

The record

Family
Phrymaceae
Described by
(Munz) Tulig
Native to
California, Mexico Northwest
Wild records
1591 in range · 229 open

Every figure here is derived from public data by a stated rule and names its source; nothing about this species is written for its page by a person or by AI, apart from the marked, credited quotations. How →

Where this page came from built 2026-10-22
GBIF species record gbif.species answeredasked 2026-10-22GBIF's key g8272742 is Diplacus australis (Mc Minn ex Munz) Tulig; the page links Kew's Diplacus × australis (Munz) Tulig, and the name is cited as Kew cites it
GBIF synonyms gbif.synonyms answeredasked 2026-10-22
GBIF common names gbif.vernacular answeredasked 2026-10-22names fetched 2026-10-22
WCVP native range wcvp.distribution answeredas of 2026-06-04
GBIF occurrence records gbif.occurrences answeredas of 2026-10-21GBIF occurrence download https://doi.org/10.15468/dl.hbdw64, of 2026-10-21; 18 records within 1 km of a botanic garden, herbarium or zoo left out (13 at a botanic garden or arboretum, 5 at a zoo; Wikidata's list)
Habitat climate climate answeredasked 2026-10-22
Daily extremes (NASA POWER) climate.extremes answeredasked 2026-10-22NASA POWER (MERRA-2) daily 1981–2024, cell 33.50_-117.500, lapse-corrected +115 m at 6.5 °C/km
Wikidata wikidata answeredasked 2026-10-22found by its alias; its GBIF key 5558936 is GBIF's record of Diplacus australis McMinn, a synonym of this species
Wikipedia wikipedia answeredasked 2026-10-22
iNaturalist taxon inat.taxon not asked
iNaturalist photographs, wild inat.photos.wild not asked
iNaturalist photographs, cultivated inat.photos.cultivated not asked
GBIF media gbif.media answeredasked 2026-10-22
OpenAlex papers openalex not askednot yet asked for this reference; a later fill takes the papers from OpenAlex's snapshot

Every source is recorded as having answered, reported nothing, refused, failed, not been asked, or answered twice where one answer is taken (“not taken: two items answered”), and, for a source asked when this page was built, when: the figures are as the source held them that day; a source read from a file (Kew's World Checklist, a GBIF download) says "as of" the file's day instead; a row carried from an earlier build of the page names that build instead. Only “nothing to report” is ever shown as an absence. Records came from 19 datasets via GBIF.org; each carries its own licence.

Cultifolio

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