Elaeagnus angustifolia L.
Oleaster, Russian Olive, Russian Silverberry, Russian elaeagnus
Every figure on this page is derived from public data by a stated rule and says its source; nothing here is written by a person or a model, except the Wikipedia passage, which is quoted and marked as such. How it is made.
Summary
Elaeagnus angustifolia, commonly called Russian olive, silver berry, oleaster, or wild olive, is a species of Elaeagnus, native to Asia and limited areas of eastern Europe. It is widely established in North America as an introduced species.
Text from Wikipedia, “Elaeagnus angustifolia”, CC BY-SA 4.0, quoted as written. Kept separate from everything derived here.
About the genus · Elaeagnus
Elaeagnus is a genus of about 90 species of flowering plants in the family Elaeagnaceae. Species of the genus are commonly known as silverberry or oleaster.
Text from Wikipedia, “Elaeagnus”, CC BY-SA 4.0, quoted as written.
At a glance
Also known as Elaeagnus angustifolia f. culta Sosn.; Elaeagnus angustifolia subsp. orientalis (L.) Soják; Elaeagnus angustifolia var. angustifolia; Elaeagnus angustifolia var. biebersteiniana Kuntze; Elaeagnus angustifolia var. caspica Sosn. and 39 more.
Cultivation
Its year Rain rule: no season, 70% of the rain takes 8 months (May to December in the northern hemisphere).
This species’ habitat figures, and what two fixed rules read from them.
The rain rule reads no season: 70% of the year's rain (341 mm of 467 mm) takes 8 months, May to December. Mean temperature moves 26.2 °C between the warmest and coldest month. Months are the habitat's, northern hemisphere; shifted six months for a southern-hemisphere collection: November to June.
Read from the median year of CHELSA monthly rainfall and mean temperature across the envelope cells: the rain rule takes the smallest set of months carrying 70% of the rain and calls it winter when its mean is more than half a degree below the year's, summer when more than that above, and neither in between; the temperature rule, used only under 120 mm, names the cooler six months when they are at least a degree cooler than the other six. Months are shifted for the other hemisphere only where the temperature curve gives a season to reverse. A reading of the curves, not an observation of the plant.
Rain Habitat rain 467 mm a year, wettest July at 53 mm, driest February at 30 mm (habitat calendar, northern hemisphere).
This species’ habitat figures, with their source.
467 mm a year at the habitat, 341 mm of it May to December. Wettest month July at 53 mm, driest February at 30 mm. Across the envelope cells the year's total runs 272 mm to 632 mm (10th to 90th percentile of each cell's own year) (median year across the envelope cells, CHELSA; habitat calendar, northern hemisphere).
CHELSA monthly precipitation, median year across the envelope cells. The rain that falls where the species is recorded; nothing about how the plant takes water.
Light Open sky over the habitat: 6 to 39 mol/m²/day.
This species’ habitat figures, with their source.
Open sky over the habitat: 6 to 39 mol/m²/day across the year (daily light integral, median year across the envelope cells, CHELSA; the lowest 10th-percentile month across the cells is 4, the highest 90th-percentile month 46).
CHELSA shortwave radiation at each envelope cell, a daily-mean flux taken to a daily total and converted at 2.07 mol of PAR per MJ. The sky over the habitat, measured; what reaches a plant under a rock, a shrub or a shade cloth is not.
Warmth and air Cold floor -16.9 °C (1st-percentile habitat night, NASA POWER).
This species’ habitat figures, with their source.
Coldest: the 1st-percentile night over 44 years at the typical cell is -16.9 °C, the absolute minimum -32.7 °C, about 130 frost nights a year (NASA POWER daily minima). Warmest: the 99th-percentile day is 39.1 °C. Monthly means: coldest night -6.8 °C in January (across the envelope cells -17.1 °C to 0.1 °C), warmest day 26.4 °C in July (median year across the envelope cells, CHELSA). Cold floor: -16.9 °C, which is the 1st-percentile night over 44 years at the typical cell (NASA POWER).
NASA POWER daily minima and maxima 1981–2024 at the typical cell, without lapse correction; CHELSA monthly means, median year across the envelope cells, CHELSA. The cold floor is the figure named in its sentence. Not a measured survival limit for any plant in a pot.
Relative humidity at the habitat: 54 to 67% across the year (monthly means, median year across the envelope cells, CHELSA). A figure about the air, saying nothing about how the plant takes water.
CHELSA relative humidity, median year across the envelope cells.
The figures the cards read from are in Climate below, and where they came from in Natural habitat.
Climate across the habitat
Figures by month
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Day °C | -1 / -10–5 | 1 / -9–6 | 6 / -2–11 | 13 / 10–18 | 20 / 17–24 | 24 / 23–29 | 26 / 24–31 | 26 / 22–30 | 21 / 16–25 | 14 / 8–19 | 6 / -2–12 | 1 / -8–7 |
| Night °C | -7 / -17–0 | -6 / -17–-0 | -2 / -10–3 | 4 / -1–8 | 10 / 6–14 | 15 / 12–19 | 17 / 15–22 | 16 / 13–21 | 11 / 7–17 | 6 / 1–11 | -0 / -9–6 | -5 / -15–2 |
| Rain mm | 31 / 14–53 | 30 / 13–51 | 30 / 15–56 | 35 / 19–53 | 42 / 26–61 | 50 / 19–83 | 53 / 14–80 | 42 / 10–60 | 42 / 11–56 | 37 / 16–51 | 39 / 19–57 | 36 / 16–58 |
| DLI | 8 / 5–17 | 13 / 11–23 | 21 / 19–31 | 30 / 27–38 | 37 / 35–44 | 39 / 37–46 | 38 / 35–45 | 34 / 29–41 | 24 / 20–34 | 15 / 11–25 | 9 / 6–17 | 6 / 4–14 |
| RH % | 67 / 56–73 | 65 / 56–71 | 62 / 55–66 | 57 / 52–60 | 54 / 49–59 | 55 / 46–59 | 55 / 46–58 | 55 / 46–58 | 56 / 48–59 | 60 / 52–62 | 64 / 55–67 | 67 / 56–70 |
Each figure is the median across the 286 grid cells holding the 327 in-range records, with the 10th–90th percentile span across those cells after the slash where it differs. Extremes and elevation were read at the typical cell 870:4577 (46.475, 48.875). Over 44 years there: absolute minimum -32.7 °C, 1st-percentile night -16.9 °C, 99th-percentile day 39.1 °C. Normals: CHELSA V2.1 1981–2010 climatology, 0.05° cells (each the mean of ~36 1 km pixels). Envelope: median and 10th–90th percentile of each month across the 286 distinct grid cells holding the 327 in-range records; extremes and elevation at the typical cell 870:4577 (its coldest month's mean night nearest the median across cells); its position is the cell centre. Extremes: NASA POWER (MERRA-2) daily 1981–2024, cell 46.50_48.750, no lapse correction (no cell elevation on file).
Natural habitat
Photographs
Photographs: (c) Olena V. Vakarenko, some rights reserved (CC BY); (c) Tom Norton, some rights reserved (CC BY) (4); (c) Tamberly Conway, some rights reserved (CC BY) (3).
Photographs: iNaturalist did not answer when this page was built; what is shown came from the sources that did.
Papers naming this species
Works whose title or abstract names Elaeagnus angustifolia, most cited first, from OpenAlex (CC0). A mention, not a cultivation source: nothing on this page is drawn from them.
Related
Similar habitat climate the 6 species whose habitat climate is nearest this one's: mean day and night, month by month, and rain on a log scale, in calendar order, so a habitat with the same seasons six months out is far, not near. Nothing else counts: not range, not family.
Paeonia tenuifolia Fern-leaf Peony
Acer tataricum Amur Maple
Prunus tenella Dwarf Russian Almond
Colchicum laetum Colchicaceae
Mespilus germanica Medlar
Salvia nemorosa Balkan ClaryOther Elaeagnus 4 in the reference
Elaeagnus commutata silverberry
Elaeagnus oldhamii Elaeagnaceae
Elaeagnus pungens Spiny Oleaster
Elaeagnus umbellata Autumn Elaeagnus History & registers
Where this page came from built 2026-09-20 · dossier v2 · node
gbif.species answeredcarried from build of 2026-09-19 (offline re-derivation; the backbone was not asked)gbif.synonyms answeredcarried from build of 2026-09-19 (offline re-derivation; the backbone was not asked)gbif.vernacular answeredcarried from build of 2026-09-19 (offline re-derivation; the backbone was not asked)wcvp.distribution answeredgbif.occurrences answeredGBIF occurrence download https://doi.org/10.15468/dl.3h4zamclimate answeredwikidata answeredcarried from build of 2026-09-19 (rederive); that build: carried from build of 2026-09-19 (rederive)wikipedia answeredcarried from build of 2026-09-19; this build: skippedinat.taxon not askedinat.photos.wild answeredcarried from build of 2026-09-19; this build: skippedinat.photos.cultivated nothing to reportcarried from build of 2026-09-19 (rederive); that build: carried from build of 2026-09-19 (rederive)commons nothing to reportcarried from build of 2026-09-19 (rederive); that build: carried from build of 2026-09-19 (rederive)gbif.media answeredopenalex answeredcarried from build of 2026-09-19; this build: skippedEvery upstream is recorded as having answered, reported nothing, or refused. Only “nothing to report” is ever shown as an absence. Records came from 144 datasets via GBIF.org; each carries its own licence.








