Species
+

Eucalyptus deglupta Blume

Bagras, Indonesian Gum, Mindanao Eucalyptus, Mindanao Gum

Climate known 58 photographs
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Every figure on this page is derived from public data by a stated rule and says its source; nothing here is written by a person or a model, except the Wikipedia passage, which is quoted and marked as such. How it is made.

Summary

Eucalyptus deglupta, commonly known as the rainbow eucalyptus, Mindanao gum, or rainbow gum, is a species of tall tree native to the Philippines, Indonesia and Papua New Guinea. It is the only Eucalyptus species that usually lives in rainforest, with a natural range that extends into the Northern Hemisphere. It is characterized by multi-coloured bark.

Text from Wikipedia, “Eucalyptus deglupta”, CC BY-SA 4.0, quoted as written. Kept separate from everything derived here.

About the genus · Eucalyptus

Eucalyptus is a genus of more than 700 species of flowering plants in the family Myrtaceae. Most species of Eucalyptus are trees, often mallees, and a few are shrubs. Along with several other genera in the tribe Eucalypteae, including Corymbia and Angophora, they are commonly known as eucalypts or "gum trees". More on Wikipedia ›

The opening of Wikipedia, “Eucalyptus”, CC BY-SA 4.0, quoted as written.

Family
Myrtaceae
Described by
Blume
Native to
Lesser Sunda Is., Maluku, Philippines +3
Wild records
148 in range· 93 open

At a glance

Warmest month
28°C
Mar, mean day; nights 24 °C (CHELSA)
Rain
2681mm/yr
12 wet months · peak Mar 245 mm (CHELSA)
Light
29–34DLI
mol/m²/day, winter to summer, open sky (CHELSA shortwave)
In short condensed by rule from the cultivation cards · not written by a person
Rain rule: no season, 70% of the rain takes 9 months (December to July and October at the habitat (not shifted)). Habitat rain 2681 mm a year, wettest March at 245 mm, driest August at 190 mm (habitat calendar, southern hemisphere). Open sky over the habitat: 29 to 34 mol/m²/day. Cold floor 22.7 °C (1st-percentile habitat night, NASA POWER).
Each sentence is one card's own one-line form, written by the same rule as the card (Its year, Rain, Light, Temperature); the note cannot say what a card does not. Months are given for the northern hemisphere (set your site in Settings to change this), and the habitat's own alongside. The cards · the figures.

Also known as Eucalyptus binacag (Elmer) Elmer; Eucalyptus multiflora Rich.; Eucalyptus multiflora Rich. ex A.Gray; Eucalyptus naudiniana F.Muell.; Eucalyptus sarassa Blume and 3 more.

Cultivation

Its year Rain rule: no season, 70% of the rain takes 9 months (December to July and October at the habitat (not shifted)).

This species’ habitat figures, and what two fixed rules read from them.

The rain rule reads no season: 70% of the year's rain (2082 mm of 2681 mm) takes 9 months, December to July and October. Mean temperature moves 0.9 °C between the warmest and coldest month. Months are the habitat's, southern hemisphere, within 10° of the equator; with no thermal season there there is no season to reverse, so they are not shifted for a collection elsewhere.

Read from the median year of CHELSA monthly rainfall and mean temperature across the envelope cells: the rain rule takes the smallest set of months carrying 70% of the rain and calls it winter when its mean is more than half a degree below the year's, summer when more than that above, and neither in between; the temperature rule, used only under 120 mm, names the cooler six months when they are at least a degree cooler than the other six. Months are shifted for the other hemisphere only where the temperature curve gives a season to reverse. A reading of the curves, not an observation of the plant.

Rain Habitat rain 2681 mm a year, wettest March at 245 mm, driest August at 190 mm (habitat calendar, southern hemisphere).

This species’ habitat figures, with their source.

2681 mm a year at the habitat, 2082 mm of it December to July and October. Wettest month March at 245 mm, driest August at 190 mm. Across the envelope cells the year's total runs 1932 mm to 4128 mm (10th to 90th percentile of each cell's own year) (median year across the envelope cells, CHELSA; habitat calendar, southern hemisphere).

CHELSA monthly precipitation, median year across the envelope cells. The rain that falls where the species is recorded; nothing about how the plant takes water.

Light Open sky over the habitat: 29 to 34 mol/m²/day.

This species’ habitat figures, with their source.

Open sky over the habitat: 29 to 34 mol/m²/day across the year (daily light integral, median year across the envelope cells, CHELSA; the lowest 10th-percentile month across the cells is 24, the highest 90th-percentile month 40).

CHELSA shortwave radiation at each envelope cell, a daily-mean flux taken to a daily total and converted at 2.07 mol of PAR per MJ. The sky over the habitat, measured; what reaches a plant under a rock, a shrub or a shade cloth is not.

Warmth and air Cold floor 22.7 °C (1st-percentile habitat night, NASA POWER).

This species’ habitat figures, with their source.

Temperature

Coldest: the 1st-percentile night over 44 years at the typical cell is 22.7 °C, the absolute minimum 20.6 °C, no frost in 44 years (NASA POWER daily minima). Warmest: the 99th-percentile day is 32.3 °C. Monthly means: coldest night 23.0 °C in January (across the envelope cells 14.4 °C to 25.3 °C), warmest day 28.0 °C in March (median year across the envelope cells, CHELSA). Cold floor: 22.7 °C, which is the 1st-percentile night over 44 years at the typical cell (NASA POWER).

NASA POWER daily minima and maxima 1981–2024 at the typical cell, lapse-corrected to its elevation; CHELSA monthly means, median year across the envelope cells, CHELSA. The cold floor is the figure named in its sentence. Not a measured survival limit for any plant in a pot.

Humidity

Relative humidity at the habitat: 67 to 69% across the year (monthly means, median year across the envelope cells, CHELSA). A figure about the air, saying nothing about how the plant takes water.

CHELSA relative humidity, median year across the envelope cells.

The figures the cards read from are in Climate below, and where they came from in Natural habitat.

Climate across the habitat

Habitat climate through the yearMean day from 27 °C in Jul to 28 °C in Mar; mean night from 23 °C in Jan to 24 °C in May. The cold quarter, Dec to Feb, is the three months around the coldest night. 2681 mm of rain a year, most in Mar. The bands show the 10th to 90th percentile across 99 habitat cells. Over 44 years at the typical cell the absolute minimum was 20.6 °C and the 99th-percentile day 32.3 °C; neither is dated to a month. Beneath: daily light integral and relative humidity through the year, each on its own scale.10°15°20°25°30°35°32.3° 99th-percentile day (undated)20.6° lowest night in 44 yrs (undated)°C · day and nightcold quarter0100200300400500mm rainDLI 29–34RH 67–69 %JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
day night rain 10th–90th percentile across 99 habitat cells cold quarter: the three months around the coldest night extremes over 44 years at the typical cell, marked at the edge: undated DLI, mol/m²/dayRH %each on its own scale
Figures by month
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Day °C28 / 22–2928 / 22–2928 / 22–3028 / 22–3128 / 22–3127 / 22–3027 / 22–2927 / 21–2927 / 22–2928 / 22–3028 / 22–2928 / 22–29
Night °C23 / 14–2523 / 15–2524 / 15–2524 / 15–2624 / 15–2624 / 15–2623 / 15–2523 / 15–2523 / 15–2524 / 15–2524 / 15–2524 / 15–25
Rain mm242 / 52–456237 / 32–465245 / 48–450233 / 54–356221 / 132–333231 / 160–369216 / 137–434190 / 115–395202 / 118–347221 / 145–349207 / 128–329236 / 111–453
DLI30 / 25–3432 / 27–3633 / 28–3832 / 27–4030 / 26–3729 / 25–3429 / 24–3432 / 26–3634 / 29–3834 / 29–3932 / 27–3630 / 24–33
RH %69 / 64–7368 / 63–7368 / 63–7268 / 63–7368 / 64–7368 / 64–7368 / 64–7367 / 63–7367 / 63–7267 / 63–7168 / 63–7269 / 64–73

Each figure is the median across the 99 grid cells holding the 135 in-range records, with the 10th–90th percentile span across those cells after the slash where it differs. Extremes and elevation were read at the typical cell 1859:6188 (-2.975, 129.425). Over 44 years there: absolute minimum 20.6 °C, 1st-percentile night 22.7 °C, 99th-percentile day 32.3 °C. Normals: CHELSA V2.1 1981–2010 climatology, 0.05° cells (each the mean of ~36 1 km pixels). Envelope: median and 10th–90th percentile of each month across the 99 distinct grid cells holding the 135 in-range records; extremes and elevation at the typical cell 1859:6188 (its coldest month's mean night nearest the median across cells); its position is the cell centre. Extremes: NASA POWER (MERRA-2) daily 1981–2024, cell -3.00_129.375, lapse-corrected -328 m at 6.5 °C/km. Elevation: ETOPO 2022, 83 m (cell mean).

Natural habitat

Native range as published by WCVP; the marker is where the records are densest and decides nothing: the climate was read across every in-range record's cell, not at the marker.
Openly licensed records inside the range, framed on where they fall.
NativeLesser Sunda Is., Maluku, Philippines, Sulawesi, Bismarck Archipelago, New Guinea· introduced: Caroline Is., Hawaii, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama, Cuba, Puerto Rico, Trinidad-Tobago
Kew's description“tree” · “wet tropical”· quoted from WCVP, RBG Kew (CC BY 4.0); not derived here
Map marker-5.507, 150.509 · in the densest population, 55 records (37% of those in range)
Evidence usedThe map marker and the climate envelope rest on all 148 georeferenced records inside the native range; the map shows only the 93 openly licensed ones, which alone would put the marker 4 km away. 735 records outside the range (gardens, roadsides, misidentifications) ignored. 13 in-range records are placed to worse than 10 km and stay on the map but off the climate.
The map markerthe map marker: the openly licensed record nearest the middle of the densest 1° population inside the densest 4° block of the 148 in-range records; it decides nothing.

Photographs

Eucalyptus degluptaEucalyptus degluptaEucalyptus degluptaEucalyptus degluptaEucalyptus degluptaEucalyptus degluptaEucalyptus degluptaEucalyptus deglupta

Photographs: no rights reserved · CC0 (4); (c) Jason Alexander, some rights reserved (CC BY) (2); (c) Fabian Brambach, some rights reserved (CC BY) (2).

Photographs: iNaturalist did not answer when this page was built; what is shown came from the sources that did.

Papers naming this species

Works whose title or abstract names Eucalyptus deglupta, most cited first, from OpenAlex (CC0). A mention, not a cultivation source: nothing on this page is drawn from them.

Diversity of moths in forest plantations and natural forests in Sabah
V. K. Chey, Jeremy D. Holloway, Martin R. Speight (1997) · Bulletin of Entomological Research
Nitrogen dynamics and soil nitrate retention in a Coffea arabica—Eucalyptus deglupta agroforestry system in Southern Costa Rica
Jean‐Michel Harmand, Héctor Ávila, Etienne Dambrine, Ute Skiba (2007) · Biogeochemistry
Water Efficiency of Cassava. II. Differing Sensitivity of Stomata to Air Humidity in Cassava and Other Warm‐Climate Species1
Mabrouk A. El‐Sharkawy, James H. Cock, Alexander A. Held K. (1984) · Crop Science
Aluminum tolerance and aluminum-induced deposition of callose and lignin in the root tips of Melaleuca and Eucalyptus species
Ko Tahara, Mariko Norisada, Taizo Hogetsu, Katsumi Kojima (2005) · Journal of Forest Research
In vitro antimicrobial potentialities of different solvent extracts of ethnomedicinal plants against clinically isolated human pathogens.
Samarendra Maji, Premanshu Dandapat, Debika Ojha, Chiranjit Maity (2010) · The Journal of Phytology
Species and site characteristics that permit the association of fast-growing trees with crops: the case of Eucalyptus deglupta as coffee shade in Costa Rica
Michaela Schaller, Götz Schroth, John Beer, Francisco Jiménez Otárola (2003) · Forest Ecology and Management
Shade: a key factor for coffee sustainability and quality.
Philippe Vaast, Rudolf Van Kanten, Pablo Siles, Benito Dzib (2005) · Agritrop (Cirad)
A survey of small mammals within a Sabah tree plantation in Malaysia
Robert B. Stuebing, Joseph Gasis (1989) · Journal of Tropical Ecology
Molecular evidence shows that the tropical boxes (Eucalyptus subgenus minutifructus) are over-ranked
Simon P. Whittock, DA Steane, René E. Vaillancourt, BM Potts (2003) · UTAS Research Repository
Canopy knockdown of arthropods in exotic plantations and natural forest in Sabah, north-east Borneo, using insecticidal mist-blowing
V.K. Chey, Jeremy D. Holloway, Clive Hambler, Martin R. Speight (1998) · Bulletin of Entomological Research

Similar habitat climate the 6 species whose habitat climate is nearest this one's: mean day and night, month by month, and rain on a log scale, in calendar order, so a habitat with the same seasons six months out is far, not near. Nothing else counts: not range, not family.

Other Eucalyptus 12 in the reference

History & registers

Where this page came from built 2026-09-20 · dossier v2 · node
gbif.species answeredcarried from build of 2026-09-19 (offline re-derivation; the backbone was not asked)
gbif.synonyms answeredcarried from build of 2026-09-19 (offline re-derivation; the backbone was not asked)
gbif.vernacular answeredcarried from build of 2026-09-19 (offline re-derivation; the backbone was not asked)
wcvp.distribution answered
gbif.occurrences answeredGBIF occurrence download https://doi.org/10.15468/dl.3h4zam
climate answered
wikidata answeredcarried from build of 2026-09-19 (rederive); that build: carried from build of 2026-09-19 (rederive)
wikipedia answeredcarried from build of 2026-09-19; this build: skipped
inat.taxon not asked
inat.photos.wild answeredcarried from build of 2026-09-19; this build: skipped
inat.photos.cultivated nothing to reportcarried from build of 2026-09-19 (rederive); that build: carried from build of 2026-09-19 (rederive)
commons nothing to reportcarried from build of 2026-09-19 (rederive); that build: carried from build of 2026-09-19 (rederive)
gbif.media answered
openalex answeredcarried from build of 2026-09-19; this build: skipped

Every upstream is recorded as having answered, reported nothing, or refused. Only “nothing to report” is ever shown as an absence. Records came from 55 datasets via GBIF.org; each carries its own licence.