Example ⟳ +
An example collection, so you can see what this page does. Nothing added here is kept: leaving deletes it.
Fragaria nipponica; photograph (c) 岸本年郎, some rights reserved (CC BY) CC BY(c) 岸本年郎, some rights reserved (CC BY) · observed growing wild · 2023-06-05

Fragaria nipponica Makino

Rosaceae · Kuril Is., Primorye +3

Add one to my plants
Sow seed
Fragaria nipponica, photograph (c) 岸本年郎, some rights reserved (CC BY)Fragaria nipponica, photograph (c) Rajan Rao, some rights reserved (CC BY)Fragaria nipponica, photograph (c) Илья Руденко, some rights reserved (CC BY)Fragaria nipponica, photograph (c) Илья Руденко, some rights reserved (CC BY)Fragaria nipponica, photograph (c) Илья Руденко, some rights reserved (CC BY)Fragaria nipponica, photograph (c) Илья Руденко, some rights reserved (CC BY) 21 photographs ›
Habitat figures
Cold floor (1 night in 100)
-16.4°C
Record low -21.6 °C in 44 years, at a typical spot in the range NASA POWER
Warmest month, mean daily high
22°C
Jul and Aug at the habitat CHELSA
Rain a year (median across the range)
1,686mm
12 months of 25 mm or more in the median year CHELSA
Open-sky light
15–35DLI
Lowest to highest month (DLI) CHELSA
The year in your months, northern hemisphere
  1. Jan
  2. Feb
  3. Mar
  4. Apr
  5. May
  6. Jun
  7. Jul
  8. Aug
  9. Sep
  10. Oct
  11. Nov
  12. Dec
Wet summers: the rain comes May to October, read as a summer growing season. rain rule, CHELSA
Northern hemisphere unless you set your site. The chart is in the habitat's months.

Summary

Fragaria nipponica is a species of wild strawberry in the family Rosaceae. It is native to the western side of the Japanese island of Honshū, with a variety Fragaria nipponica var. yakusimensis on Yakushima. Some botanists treat it as a synonym of Fragaria yezoensis.

Quoted from Wikipedia, "Fragaria nipponica", CC BY-SA 4.0.

About the genus · Fragaria

Fragaria is a genus of flowering plants in the rose family, Rosaceae, commonly known as strawberries for their edible fruits. There are more than 20 described species and many hybrids and cultivars. The most common strawberries grown commercially are cultivars of the garden strawberry, a hybrid known as Fragaria × ananassa. More on Wikipedia ›

Quoted from Wikipedia, "Fragaria", CC BY-SA 4.0.

Cultivation

Seasons

The rain rule reads a summer growing season: 70% of the median year's rain (1,181 mm of 1,677 mm) falls in May to October, warmer than the year (wet-season mean 14.4 °C against a yearly mean of 6.4 °C). Months are the habitat's, northern hemisphere; shifted six months for a southern-hemisphere collection: November to April.

Rain

1,677 mm in the median year at the habitat, 1,181 mm of it May to October. Wettest month September at 254 mm, driest month December at 51 mm. Across the grid cells of the range the year's total runs 707 mm to 2,670 mm, the 10th to 90th percentile of each cell's own year. The median of the cells' own yearly totals, 1,686 mm, is the year's rain at the top of the page; the 1,677 mm here is the median year's, the twelve monthly medians added, which the rain rule reads. Habitat calendar, northern hemisphere; median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA.

Light

Open sky over the habitat: 15 to 35 mol/m²/day across the year (daily light integral, median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA; the lowest 10th-percentile month across the cells is 11, the highest 90th-percentile month 37).

Warmth and air
Temperature

Coldest: the 1st-percentile night over 44 years at a typical spot in the range is -16.4 °C, the absolute minimum -21.6 °C, 7,698 frost nights in 44 years, 175.0 a year (NASA POWER daily minima). Warmest: the 99th-percentile day is 25.5 °C. Monthly means: the coldest month's mean nightly low -13.1 °C in January (across the grid cells of the range -23.4 °C to -4.5 °C), the warmest month's mean daily high 22.4 °C in August (median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA). Cold floor: -16.4 °C, which is the 1st-percentile night over 44 years at a typical spot in the range (NASA POWER).

Humidity

Relative humidity at the habitat: 57 to 66% across the year (monthly means, median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA). A figure about the air, saying nothing about how the plant takes water.

How this section is made

Each card states this species' habitat figures with their sources, and what two fixed rules read from them; nothing here says what the plant does, wants or tolerates. The rules · the terms.

Seasons. Read from the median year of CHELSA monthly rainfall and mean temperature across the grid cells of the range: the rain rule takes the smallest set of months carrying 70% of the rain and calls it winter when its mean is more than half a degree below the year's, summer when more than that above, and neither in between; the temperature rule, used only under 120 mm, names the cooler six months when they are at least a degree cooler than the other six. Months are shifted for the other hemisphere only where the temperature curve moves 4 °C or more and the habitat lies 10° or more from the equator. A reading of the curves, not an observation of the plant.

Rain. CHELSA monthly precipitation, median year across the grid cells of the range. The rain that falls where the species is recorded; nothing about how the plant takes water.

Light. CHELSA shortwave radiation at each envelope cell, a daily-mean flux taken to a daily total and converted at 2.07 mol of PAR per MJ. The sky over the habitat, measured; what reaches a plant under a rock, a shrub or a shade cloth is not.

Temperature. NASA POWER daily minima and maxima over 44 years at a typical spot in the range, lapse-corrected +409 m to its elevation; CHELSA monthly means, median year across the grid cells of the range. The cold floor is the 1st-percentile night named in its sentence. Not a measured survival limit for any plant in a pot.

Humidity. CHELSA relative humidity, median year across the grid cells of the range.

Climate across the habitat

Habitat months, northern hemisphere

Habitat climate of Fragaria nipponica through the yearWarmest months July and August, mean daily high 22 °C; coldest month January, mean nightly low -13.1 °C; 1,677 mm of rain in the median year (the twelve monthly medians added). Medians across the range, from CHELSA; the extremes at the edge from NASA POWER. Habitat months, northern hemisphere.-30°-20°-10°0°10°20°30°frost25.5° 99th-percentile day, NASA POWER-21.6° lowest night in 44 years, NASA POWER°C · day and nightcold quarter0100200300400mm rainDLI 15–35RH 57–66%JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
day night rain medians and 10th–90th percentile across 116 habitat cells, CHELSA cold quarter: the three months around the coldest month's mean nightly low extremes over 44 years at a typical spot in the range, from NASA POWER, marked at the edge, in no month DLI, mol/m²/dayRH %each on its own scale
Figures by month
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Day °C-3 / -10–1-3 / -7–22 / -2–710 / 3–1415 / 7–1918 / 10–2322 / 14–2522 / 17–2618 / 15–2212 / 9–176 / 0–100 / -7–4
Night °C-13 / -23–-5-12 / -20–-7-7 / -12–-30 / -4–35 / 1–910 / 6–1414 / 10–1815 / 11–1810 / 7–154 / 0–10-2 / -10–4-9 / -19–-1
Rain mm59 / 9–11066 / 12–122117 / 21–203113 / 45–194151 / 77–222198 / 105–299226 / 143–357192 / 130–324254 / 73–371160 / 35–25090 / 22–15151 / 14–93
DLI17 / 12–2123 / 19–2629 / 26–3133 / 31–3635 / 32–3732 / 28–3630 / 29–3231 / 28–3225 / 23–2821 / 19–2317 / 13–1915 / 11–18
RH %58 / 56–6458 / 56–6257 / 53–6357 / 52–6559 / 55–6863 / 60–7266 / 64–7566 / 63–7265 / 59–6961 / 55–6558 / 55–6258 / 55–63
How this section is made
Each figure is the median across the 116 grid cells holding the 138 in-range records, with the 10th–90th percentile span across those cells after the slash where it differs. A dash is a month one or more of those cells has no figure for in the grid (a variable CHELSA does not carry there), so no median is taken rather than one over fewer cells. Extremes and elevation were read at a typical spot in the range, cell 1072:6355 (36.375, 137.775). Over 44 years there: absolute minimum -21.6 °C, 1st-percentile night -16.4 °C, 99th-percentile day 25.5 °C. Normals: CHELSA V2.1 1981–2010 climatology, 0.05° cells (each the mean of ~36 1 km pixels). Across the range: median and 10th–90th percentile of each month across the 116 distinct grid cells holding 138 of the 138 in-range records; extremes and elevation at the typical cell 1072:6355 (its coldest month's mean nightly low nearest the median across cells); its position is the cell centre. Extremes: NASA POWER (MERRA-2) daily 1981–2024, cell 36.50_137.500, lapse-corrected +409 m at 6.5 °C/km. Elevation: ETOPO 2022, 1508 m (cell mean).

Natural habitat

Native range as published by WCVP; the marker is where the records are densest and decides nothing: the climate was read across the cells of the in-range records placed well enough to read one, not at the marker.
Openly licensed records inside the range, framed on where they fall.
NativeKuril Is., Primorye, Sakhalin, Japan, Korea · regions are the level-3 units of the World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, as Kew's World Checklist records ranges, some under historical names such as Yugoslavia or Czechoslovakia (how).
Map marker35.935, 138.375 · in the densest population, 232 records (54% of those in range)
Kew's description“perennial” · “temperate” · quoted from WCVP, RBG Kew (CC BY 4.0); not derived here
Evidence usedThe map marker rests on all 430 georeferenced records inside the native range; the climate across the range on the 138 of them placed to within 10 km; the map shows only the 366 openly licensed ones, which alone would put the marker 2 km away. 20 records outside the WCVP native range not used. 292 in-range records are placed to worse than 10 km, or with no stated accuracy (admitted only as a person's observation to three decimals), and stay on the map but off the climate.
How this section is made
The map marker: the openly licensed record nearest the middle of the densest 1° population of the 430 in-range records; it decides nothing. Records outside the native range, living specimens and records marked introduced are not used; which records count.

Photographs

Fragaria nipponica, photograph 1did not loadFragaria nipponica, photograph 2did not loadFragaria nipponica, photograph 3did not loadFragaria nipponica, photograph 4did not loadFragaria nipponica, photograph 5did not loadFragaria nipponica, photograph 6did not load

Photographs: (c) 岸本年郎, some rights reserved (CC BY); (c) Rajan Rao, some rights reserved (CC BY); (c) Илья Руденко, some rights reserved (CC BY) (4).

Similar habitat climate The 6 nearest by mean daily high, mean nightly low and rain, month by month. How.

Ligularia dentata Ligularia dentata Leopard Plant Photo: CC BY, 岸本年郎Ajania rupestris Ajania rupestris Asteraceae Photo: CC BY, 岸本年郎Lonicera demissa Lonicera demissa Yellow honeysuckle Photo: CC BY, Marco MussitaAdenophora nikoensis Adenophora nikoensis Campanulaceae Photo: CC BY, Marco MussitaLeontopodium japonicum Leontopodium japonicum Japanese Edelweiss Photo: CC BY, florawhitePteridophyllum racemosum Pteridophyllum racemosum Fern Poppy Photo: CC BY, 岸本年郎

Other Fragaria 15 in the reference

Fragaria × ananassa Fragaria × ananassa Garden strawberry Photo: CC BY-SA, guillaume guillaumeFragaria cascadensis Fragaria cascadensis Cascades Strawberry Photo: CC BY, Matt BergerFragaria chiloensis Fragaria chiloensis Beach strawberry Photo: CC BY, Aaron ListonFragaria daltoniana Fragaria daltoniana Rosaceae Photo: CC BY, Morten Ross Fragaria hayatae Rosaceae Fragaria iinumae Fragaria iinumae Rosaceae Photo: CC BY, Junichi　MandaiFragaria moschata Fragaria moschata Rosaceae Photo: CC0, author not statedFragaria moupinensis Fragaria moupinensis Rosaceae Photo: CC BY, Aaron ListonFragaria nilgerrensis Fragaria nilgerrensis Huangmao strawberry Photo: CC0, author not statedFragaria nubicola Fragaria nubicola Himalayan strawberry Photo: CC BY, Donna BelderFragaria orientalis Fragaria orientalis Oriental strawberry Photo: CC BY, Urgamal MagsarFragaria pentaphylla Fragaria pentaphylla Five-leaf strawberry Photo: CC BY-SA, Krzysztof Ziarnek, Kenraiz all 16 ›

Names & registers

GBIFPOWOIPNIWikidataWikipediaiNaturalist

The record

Family
Rosaceae
Described by
Makino
Native to
Kuril Is., Primorye, Sakhalin +2
Wild records
430 in range · 366 open

Every figure here is derived from public data by a stated rule and names its source; nothing about this species is written for its page by a person or by AI, apart from the marked, credited quotations. How →

Where this page came from built 2026-10-22
GBIF species record gbif.species answeredasked 2026-10-22
GBIF synonyms gbif.synonyms answeredasked 2026-10-22
GBIF common names gbif.vernacular answeredasked 2026-10-22names fetched 2026-10-22
WCVP native range wcvp.distribution answeredas of 2026-06-04
GBIF occurrence records gbif.occurrences answeredas of 2026-10-21GBIF occurrence download https://doi.org/10.15468/dl.hbdw64, of 2026-10-21; 5 records within 1 km of a botanic garden, herbarium or zoo left out (2 at a botanic garden or arboretum, 3 at a zoo; Wikidata's list)
Habitat climate climate answeredasked 2026-10-22
Daily extremes (NASA POWER) climate.extremes answeredasked 2026-10-22NASA POWER (MERRA-2) daily 1981–2024, cell 36.50_137.500, lapse-corrected +409 m at 6.5 °C/km
Wikidata wikidata answeredasked 2026-10-22
Wikipedia wikipedia answeredasked 2026-10-22
iNaturalist photographs, wild inat.photos.wild answeredasked 2026-10-22from iNaturalist's open data of 2026-09-27: research-grade observations with an open-licence photograph, the 24 whose photographs iNaturalist received last (the open data holds no votes); filled 2026-10-22
iNaturalist photographs, cultivated inat.photos.cultivated not asked
GBIF media gbif.media answeredasked 2026-10-22none of the photographs on this page is credited to GBIF: those shown are other sources', and GBIF's were the same photographs or were set aside by the photograph rules
OpenAlex papers openalex not askednot yet asked for this reference; a later fill takes the papers from OpenAlex's snapshot

Every source is recorded as having answered, reported nothing, refused, failed, not been asked, or answered twice where one answer is taken (“not taken: two items answered”), and, for a source asked when this page was built, when: the figures are as the source held them that day; a source read from a file (Kew's World Checklist, a GBIF download) says "as of" the file's day instead; a row carried from an earlier build of the page names that build instead. Only “nothing to report” is ever shown as an absence. Records came from 44 datasets via GBIF.org; each carries its own licence.

Cultifolio

Opening your plants…