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Hypochaeris salzmanniana; photograph Krzysztof Ziarnek, Kenraiz, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons CC BY-SAKrzysztof Ziarnek, Kenraiz, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons

Hypochaeris salzmanniana DC.

Asteraceae · Spain, Algeria +1

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Hypochaeris salzmanniana, photograph Krzysztof Ziarnek, Kenraiz, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia CommonsHypochaeris salzmanniana, photograph Krzysztof Ziarnek, Kenraiz, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia CommonsHypochaeris salzmanniana, photograph Krzysztof Ziarnek, Kenraiz, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia CommonsHypochaeris salzmanniana, photograph Krzysztof Ziarnek, Kenraiz, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia CommonsHypochaeris salzmanniana, photograph Krzysztof Ziarnek, Kenraiz, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia CommonsHypochaeris salzmanniana, photograph Krzysztof Ziarnek, Kenraiz, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons 8 photographs ›
Habitat figures
Cold floor (1 night in 100)
9.0°C
Record low 4.3 °C in 44 years, at a typical spot in the range NASA POWER
Warmest month, mean daily high
27°C
Jul and Aug at the habitat CHELSA
Rain a year (median across the range)
754mm
9 months of 25 mm or more in the median year CHELSA
Open-sky light
15–50DLI
Lowest to highest month (DLI) CHELSA
The year in your months, northern hemisphere
  1. Jan
  2. Feb
  3. Mar
  4. Apr
  5. May
  6. Jun
  7. Jul
  8. Aug
  9. Sep
  10. Oct
  11. Nov
  12. Dec
Wet winters: the rain comes October to February, read as a winter growing season. rain rule, CHELSA
Northern hemisphere unless you set your site. The chart is in the habitat's months.

Cultivation

Seasons

The rain rule reads a winter growing season: 70% of the median year's rain (554 mm of 757 mm) falls in October to February, cooler than the year (wet-season mean 15.2 °C against a yearly mean of 17.9 °C). Months are the habitat's, northern hemisphere; shifted six months for a southern-hemisphere collection: April to August.

Rain

757 mm in the median year at the habitat, 554 mm of it October to February. Wettest month December at 159 mm, driest month July at 2 mm; 2 months under 5 mm. Across the grid cells of the range the year's total runs 625 mm to 819 mm, the 10th to 90th percentile of each cell's own year. The median of the cells' own yearly totals, 754 mm, is the year's rain at the top of the page; the 757 mm here is the median year's, the twelve monthly medians added, which the rain rule reads. Habitat calendar, northern hemisphere; median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA.

Light

Open sky over the habitat: 15 to 50 mol/m²/day across the year (daily light integral, median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA).

Warmth and air
Temperature

Coldest: the 1st-percentile night over 44 years at a typical spot in the range is 9.0 °C, the absolute minimum 4.3 °C, no frost in 44 years (NASA POWER daily minima). Warmest: the 99th-percentile day is 30.9 °C. Monthly means: the coldest month's mean nightly low 10.3 °C in January (across the grid cells of the range 9.4 °C to 11.3 °C), the warmest month's mean daily high 26.9 °C in August (median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA). Cold floor: 9.0 °C, which is the 1st-percentile night over 44 years at a typical spot in the range (NASA POWER).

Humidity

Relative humidity at the habitat: 60 to 64% across the year (monthly means, median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA). A figure about the air, saying nothing about how the plant takes water.

How this section is made

Each card states this species' habitat figures with their sources, and what two fixed rules read from them; nothing here says what the plant does, wants or tolerates. The rules · the terms.

Seasons. Read from the median year of CHELSA monthly rainfall and mean temperature across the grid cells of the range: the rain rule takes the smallest set of months carrying 70% of the rain and calls it winter when its mean is more than half a degree below the year's, summer when more than that above, and neither in between; the temperature rule, used only under 120 mm, names the cooler six months when they are at least a degree cooler than the other six. Months are shifted for the other hemisphere only where the temperature curve moves 4 °C or more and the habitat lies 10° or more from the equator. A reading of the curves, not an observation of the plant.

Rain. CHELSA monthly precipitation, median year across the grid cells of the range. The rain that falls where the species is recorded; nothing about how the plant takes water.

Light. CHELSA shortwave radiation at each envelope cell, a daily-mean flux taken to a daily total and converted at 2.07 mol of PAR per MJ. The sky over the habitat, measured; what reaches a plant under a rock, a shrub or a shade cloth is not.

Temperature. NASA POWER daily minima and maxima over 44 years at a typical spot in the range, lapse-corrected -36 m to its elevation; CHELSA monthly means, median year across the grid cells of the range. The cold floor is the 1st-percentile night named in its sentence. Not a measured survival limit for any plant in a pot.

Humidity. CHELSA relative humidity, median year across the grid cells of the range.

Climate across the habitat

Habitat months, northern hemisphere

Habitat climate of Hypochaeris salzmanniana through the yearWarmest months July and August, mean daily high 27 °C; coldest month January, mean nightly low 10.3 °C; 757 mm of rain in the median year (the twelve monthly medians added). Medians across the range, from CHELSA; the extremes at the edge from NASA POWER. Habitat months, northern hemisphere.0°5°10°15°20°25°30°35°30.9° 99th-percentile day, NASA POWER4.3° lowest night in 44 years, NASA POWER°C · day and nightcold quarter050100150200mm rainDLI 15–50RH 60–64%JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
day night rain medians and 10th–90th percentile across 12 habitat cells, CHELSA cold quarter: the three months around the coldest month's mean nightly low extremes over 44 years at a typical spot in the range, from NASA POWER, marked at the edge, in no month DLI, mol/m²/dayRH %each on its own scale
Figures by month
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Day °C15 / 14–1515 / 15–1617 / 17–1818 / 18–1920 / 20–2224 / 23–2527 / 25–2827 / 26–2825 / 24–2621 / 21–2218 / 18–1916 / 15–16
Night °C10 / 9–1111 / 10–1212 / 11–1313 / 12–1415 / 14–1618 / 17–1920 / 19–2121 / 20–2120 / 19–2017 / 16–1814 / 13–1512 / 11–13
Rain mm100 / 85–11287 / 67–9764 / 44–6865 / 54–6932 / 29–369 / 8–1024 / 3–527 / 23–3084 / 65–92124 / 108–139159 / 122–172
DLI18 / 17–1823 / 23–2433 / 32–3340 / 39–4045 / 44–4549 / 48–5050 / 50–5045 / 44–4536 / 35–3626 / 25–2618 / 18–1915 / 15–15
RH %62 / 61–6363 / 59–6461 / 58–6260 / 57–6161 / 57–6261 / 57–6160 / 56–6162 / 58–6363 / 59–6464 / 60–6563 / 60–6563 / 62–64
How this section is made
Each figure is the median across the 12 grid cells on land that hold in-range records (18 records in those cells; 2 more cells hold records but no land by the elevation layer, so those records sit at sea and the cells are left out), with the 10th–90th percentile span across those cells after the slash where it differs. A dash is a month one or more of those cells has no figure for in the grid (a variable CHELSA does not carry there), so no median is taken rather than one over fewer cells. Extremes and elevation were read at a typical spot in the range, cell 1075:3481 (36.225, -5.925). Over 44 years there: absolute minimum 4.3 °C, 1st-percentile night 9.0 °C, 99th-percentile day 30.9 °C. Normals: CHELSA V2.1 1981–2010 climatology, 0.05° cells (each the mean of ~36 1 km pixels). Across the range: median and 10th–90th percentile of each month across the 12 distinct grid cells holding 18 of the 20 in-range records (2 further cells with records at sea, by the elevation layer, left out); extremes and elevation at the typical cell 1075:3481 (its coldest month's mean nightly low nearest the median across cells); its position is the cell centre. Extremes: NASA POWER (MERRA-2) daily 1981–2024, cell 36.00_-5.625, lapse-corrected -36 m at 6.5 °C/km. Elevation: ETOPO 2022, 15 m (cell mean).

Natural habitat

Native range as published by WCVP; the marker is where the records are densest and decides nothing: the climate was read across the cells of the in-range records placed well enough to read one, not at the marker.
Openly licensed records inside the range, framed on where they fall.
NativeSpain, Algeria, Morocco · regions are the level-3 units of the World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, as Kew's World Checklist records ranges, some under historical names such as Yugoslavia or Czechoslovakia (how).
Map marker36.089, -5.783 · in the densest population, 36 records (92% of those in range)
Evidence usedThe map marker rests on all 39 georeferenced records inside the native range; the climate across the range on the 18 of them in the land cells it reads, of 20 placed to within 10 km; the map shows only the 4 openly licensed ones, which alone would put the marker 35 km away. 19 in-range records are placed to worse than 10 km, or with no stated accuracy (admitted only as a person's observation to three decimals), and stay on the map but off the climate.
How this section is made
The map marker: the openly licensed record nearest the middle of the densest 1° population of the 39 in-range records; it decides nothing. Records outside the native range, living specimens and records marked introduced are not used; which records count.

Photographs

Hypochaeris salzmanniana, photograph 1did not loadHypochaeris salzmanniana, photograph 2did not loadHypochaeris salzmanniana, photograph 3did not loadHypochaeris salzmanniana, photograph 4did not loadHypochaeris salzmanniana, photograph 5did not loadHypochaeris salzmanniana, photograph 6did not load

Photographs: Krzysztof Ziarnek, Kenraiz, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons (6).

Similar habitat climate The 6 nearest by mean daily high, mean nightly low and rain, month by month. How.

Carduus myriacanthus Carduus myriacanthus Asteraceae Photo: CC BY, Santiago Martín-BravoNarcissus viridiflorus Narcissus viridiflorus Green-flowered Narcissus Photo: CC BY, fmunozLimonium emarginatum Limonium emarginatum Gibraltar sea lavender Photo: CC BY, Zac PetersonCachrys libanotis Cachrys libanotis Apiaceae Photo: CC BY, Duarte FradeLupinus cosentinii Lupinus cosentinii Hairy blue lupin Photo: CC BY-SA, Tony RebeloLotus creticus Lotus creticus Cretan bird's-foot-trefoil Photo: CC BY, Duarte Frade

Other Hypochaeris 10 in the reference

Hypochaeris albiflora Hypochaeris albiflora White flatweed Photo: CC BY, José Nicolás AmuchasteguiHypochaeris chillensis Hypochaeris chillensis Brazilian cat's ear Photo: CC BY, fmunozHypochaeris glabra Hypochaeris glabra Smooth cat's-ear Photo: CC BY-SA, CarmonHypochaeris maculata Hypochaeris maculata Asteraceae Photo: CC0, HermannSchachnerHypochaeris meyeniana Hypochaeris meyeniana Asteraceae Photo: CC BY, Ariadna TripaldiHypochaeris radicata Hypochaeris radicata Cat's-ear Photo: CC BY, Sandy WolkenbergHypochaeris robertia Hypochaeris robertia Asteraceae Photo: CC BY, DrepanostomaHypochaeris sessiliflora Hypochaeris sessiliflora Chikku Chikku Photo: CC BY, Denis ZabinHypochaeris taraxacoides Hypochaeris taraxacoides Asteraceae Photo: CC BY, Wairambar RainforestHypochaeris uniflora Hypochaeris uniflora Asteraceae Photo: CC BY-SA, Jerzy Opioła

Names & registers

Also known as Hypochaeris glabra subsp. salzmanniana; Hypochaeris glabra var. arrhyncha; Hypochaeris glabra var. dimorpha; Hypochaeris glabra var. salzmanniana. (GBIF Backbone)

GBIFPOWOIPNIWFOWikidataiNaturalist

The record

Family
Asteraceae
Described by
DC.
Native to
Spain, Algeria, Morocco
Wild records
39 in range · 4 open

Every figure here is derived from public data by a stated rule and names its source; nothing about this species is written for its page by a person or by AI, apart from the marked, credited quotations. How →

Where this page came from built 2026-10-22
GBIF species record gbif.species answeredasked 2026-10-22
GBIF synonyms gbif.synonyms answeredasked 2026-10-22
GBIF common names gbif.vernacular answeredasked 2026-10-22names fetched 2026-10-22
WCVP native range wcvp.distribution answeredas of 2026-06-04
GBIF occurrence records gbif.occurrences answeredas of 2026-10-21GBIF occurrence download https://doi.org/10.15468/dl.hbdw64, of 2026-10-21; 2 records within 1 km of a botanic garden, herbarium or zoo left out (2 at a zoo; Wikidata's list)
Habitat climate climate answeredasked 2026-10-22
Daily extremes (NASA POWER) climate.extremes answeredasked 2026-10-22NASA POWER (MERRA-2) daily 1981–2024, cell 36.00_-5.625, lapse-corrected -36 m at 6.5 °C/km
Wikidata wikidata answeredasked 2026-10-22
Wikipedia wikipedia nothing to reportasked 2026-10-22
iNaturalist photographs, wild inat.photos.wild nothing to reportasked 2026-10-22from iNaturalist's open data of 2026-09-27: research-grade observations with an open-licence photograph, the 24 whose photographs iNaturalist received last (the open data holds no votes); filled 2026-10-22
iNaturalist photographs, cultivated inat.photos.cultivated not asked
GBIF media gbif.media nothing to reportasked 2026-10-22
Wikimedia Commons commons answeredasked 2026-10-22
OpenAlex papers openalex not askednot yet asked for this reference; a later fill takes the papers from OpenAlex's snapshot

Every source is recorded as having answered, reported nothing, refused, failed, not been asked, or answered twice where one answer is taken (“not taken: two items answered”), and, for a source asked when this page was built, when: the figures are as the source held them that day; a source read from a file (Kew's World Checklist, a GBIF download) says "as of" the file's day instead; a row carried from an earlier build of the page names that build instead. Only “nothing to report” is ever shown as an absence. Records came from 14 datasets via GBIF.org; each carries its own licence.

Cultifolio

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