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Ixora philippinensis; photograph 謝麗霦, CC BY, iNaturalist via GBIF CC BY謝麗霦, CC BY, iNaturalist via GBIF

Ixora philippinensis Merr.

Rubiaceae · Taiwan, Borneo +3

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Ixora philippinensis, photograph 國立臺灣博物館, CC BY, iNaturalist via GBIFIxora philippinensis, photograph 國立臺灣博物館, CC BY, iNaturalist via GBIFIxora philippinensis, photograph 國立臺灣博物館, CC BY, iNaturalist via GBIFIxora philippinensis, photograph 國立臺灣博物館, CC BY, iNaturalist via GBIF 5 photographs ›
Habitat figures
Cold floor (1 night in 100)
19.5°C
Record low 16.6 °C in 44 years, at a typical spot in the range NASA POWER
Warmest month, mean daily high
29°C
Jul and Aug at the habitat CHELSA
Rain a year (median across the range)
2,604mm
12 months of 25 mm or more in the median year CHELSA
Open-sky light
20–39DLI
Lowest to highest month (DLI) CHELSA
The year in your months, northern hemisphere
  1. Jan
  2. Feb
  3. Mar
  4. Apr
  5. May
  6. Jun
  7. Jul
  8. Aug
  9. Sep
  10. Oct
  11. Nov
  12. Dec
Wet summers: the rain comes May to October, read as a summer growing season. rain rule, CHELSA
Northern hemisphere unless you set your site. The chart is in the habitat's months.

About the genus · Ixora

Ixora is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. It is the only genus in the tribe Ixoreae. It consists of tropical evergreen trees and shrubs and holds around 544 species. More on Wikipedia ›

Quoted from Wikipedia, "Ixora", CC BY-SA 4.0.

Cultivation

Seasons

The rain rule reads a summer growing season: 70% of the median year's rain (1,801 mm of 2,446 mm) falls in May to October, warmer than the year (wet-season mean 27.3 °C against a yearly mean of 25.5 °C). Months are the habitat's, northern hemisphere; shifted six months for a southern-hemisphere collection: November to April.

Rain

2,446 mm in the median year at the habitat, 1,801 mm of it May to October. Wettest month September at 396 mm, driest month April at 64 mm. Across the grid cells of the range the year's total runs 2,034 mm to 2,848 mm, the 10th to 90th percentile of each cell's own year. The median of the cells' own yearly totals, 2,604 mm, is the year's rain at the top of the page; the 2,446 mm here is the median year's, the twelve monthly medians added, which the rain rule reads. Habitat calendar, northern hemisphere; median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA.

Light

Open sky over the habitat: 20 to 39 mol/m²/day across the year (daily light integral, median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA; the lowest 10th-percentile month across the cells is 18, the highest 90th-percentile month 42).

Warmth and air
Temperature

Coldest: the 1st-percentile night over 44 years at a typical spot in the range is 19.5 °C, the absolute minimum 16.6 °C, no frost in 44 years (NASA POWER daily minima). Warmest: the 99th-percentile day is 36.7 °C. Monthly means: the coldest month's mean nightly low 21.6 °C in January (across the grid cells of the range 19.5 °C to 23.2 °C), the warmest month's mean daily high 28.8 °C in July (median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA). Cold floor: 19.5 °C, which is the 1st-percentile night over 44 years at a typical spot in the range (NASA POWER).

Humidity

Relative humidity at the habitat: 61 to 68% across the year (monthly means, median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA). A figure about the air, saying nothing about how the plant takes water.

How this section is made

Each card states this species' habitat figures with their sources, and what two fixed rules read from them; nothing here says what the plant does, wants or tolerates. The rules · the terms.

Seasons. Read from the median year of CHELSA monthly rainfall and mean temperature across the grid cells of the range: the rain rule takes the smallest set of months carrying 70% of the rain and calls it winter when its mean is more than half a degree below the year's, summer when more than that above, and neither in between; the temperature rule, used only under 120 mm, names the cooler six months when they are at least a degree cooler than the other six. Months are shifted for the other hemisphere only where the temperature curve moves 4 °C or more and the habitat lies 10° or more from the equator. A reading of the curves, not an observation of the plant.

Rain. CHELSA monthly precipitation, median year across the grid cells of the range. The rain that falls where the species is recorded; nothing about how the plant takes water.

Light. CHELSA shortwave radiation at each envelope cell, a daily-mean flux taken to a daily total and converted at 2.07 mol of PAR per MJ. The sky over the habitat, measured; what reaches a plant under a rock, a shrub or a shade cloth is not.

Temperature. NASA POWER daily minima and maxima over 44 years at a typical spot in the range, lapse-corrected -98 m to its elevation; CHELSA monthly means, median year across the grid cells of the range. The cold floor is the 1st-percentile night named in its sentence. Not a measured survival limit for any plant in a pot.

Humidity. CHELSA relative humidity, median year across the grid cells of the range.

Climate across the habitat

Habitat months, northern hemisphere

Habitat climate of Ixora philippinensis through the yearWarmest months July and August, mean daily high 29 °C; coldest month January, mean nightly low 21.6 °C; 2,446 mm of rain in the median year (the twelve monthly medians added). Medians across the range, from CHELSA; the extremes at the edge from NASA POWER. Habitat months, northern hemisphere.15°20°25°30°35°40°36.7° 99th-percentile day, NASA POWER16.6° lowest night in 44 years, NASA POWER°C · day and nightcold quarter0100200300400500600mm rainDLI 20–39RH 61–68%JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
day night rain medians and 10th–90th percentile across 10 habitat cells, CHELSA cold quarter: the three months around the coldest month's mean nightly low extremes over 44 years at a typical spot in the range, from NASA POWER, marked at the edge, in no month DLI, mol/m²/dayRH %each on its own scale
Figures by month
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Day °C23 / 22–2723 / 22–2825 / 24–2926 / 26–3128 / 27–3128 / 28–2929 / 28–2929 / 28–2928 / 28–2927 / 26–2926 / 24–2824 / 22–27
Night °C22 / 20–2322 / 20–2323 / 22–2425 / 24–2526 / 25–2627 / 25–2727 / 25–2727 / 25–2726 / 24–2625 / 24–2624 / 23–2522 / 20–24
Rain mm109 / 16–187103 / 19–11083 / 28–8864 / 44–96180 / 153–259263 / 244–385316 / 287–472347 / 325–503396 / 270–463299 / 228–380172 / 94–295114 / 40–169
DLI22 / 19–3027 / 22–3534 / 28–4039 / 34–4238 / 35–3937 / 34–3938 / 31–3935 / 31–3632 / 31–3430 / 28–3124 / 21–2920 / 18–28
RH %61 / 60–6562 / 60–6463 / 61–6464 / 62–6665 / 64–6767 / 66–6867 / 66–7068 / 66–7066 / 65–7064 / 63–6963 / 62–6761 / 59–66
How this section is made
Each figure is the median across the 10 grid cells on land that hold in-range records (25 records in those cells; 1 more cell holds records but no land by the elevation layer, so those records sit at sea and the cell is left out), with the 10th–90th percentile span across those cells after the slash where it differs. A dash is a month one or more of those cells has no figure for in the grid (a variable CHELSA does not carry there), so no median is taken rather than one over fewer cells. Extremes and elevation were read at a typical spot in the range, cell 1516:6024 (14.175, 121.225). Over 44 years there: absolute minimum 16.6 °C, 1st-percentile night 19.5 °C, 99th-percentile day 36.7 °C. Normals: CHELSA V2.1 1981–2010 climatology, 0.05° cells (each the mean of ~36 1 km pixels). Across the range: median and 10th–90th percentile of each month across the 10 distinct grid cells holding 25 of the 26 in-range records (1 further cell with records at sea, by the elevation layer, left out); extremes and elevation at the typical cell 1516:6024 (its coldest month's mean nightly low nearest the median across cells); its position is the cell centre. Extremes: NASA POWER (MERRA-2) daily 1981–2024, cell 14.00_121.250, lapse-corrected -98 m at 6.5 °C/km. Elevation: ETOPO 2022, 64 m (cell mean).

Natural habitat

Native range as published by WCVP; the marker is where the records are densest and decides nothing: the climate was read across the cells of the in-range records placed well enough to read one, not at the marker.
Openly licensed records inside the range, framed on where they fall.
NativeTaiwan, Borneo, Maluku, Philippines, Sulawesi · regions are the level-3 units of the World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, as Kew's World Checklist records ranges, some under historical names such as Yugoslavia or Czechoslovakia (how).
Map marker22.35, 120.374 · in the densest population, 52 records (58% of those in range)
Kew's description“shrub or tree” · “wet tropical” · quoted from WCVP, RBG Kew (CC BY 4.0); not derived here
Evidence usedThe map marker rests on all 89 georeferenced records inside the native range; the climate across the range on the 25 of them in the land cells it reads, of 26 placed to within 10 km; the map shows only the 59 openly licensed ones, which alone would put the marker 1270 km away. 63 in-range records are placed to worse than 10 km, or with no stated accuracy (admitted only as a person's observation to three decimals), and stay on the map but off the climate.
How this section is made
The map marker: the openly licensed record nearest the middle of the densest 1° population inside the densest 4° block of the 89 in-range records; it decides nothing. Records outside the native range, living specimens and records marked introduced are not used; which records count.

Photographs

Ixora philippinensis, photograph 1did not loadIxora philippinensis, photograph 2did not loadIxora philippinensis, photograph 3did not loadIxora philippinensis, photograph 4did not load

Photographs: 國立臺灣博物館, CC BY, iNaturalist via GBIF (4).

Similar habitat climate The 6 nearest by mean daily high, mean nightly low and rain, month by month. How.

Drypetes littoralis Drypetes littoralis Putranjivaceae Photo: CC BY, W RaoBegonia fenicis Begonia fenicis Begoniaceae Photo: CC0, author not stated Artocarpus xanthocarpus Moraceae Memecylon lanceolatum Memecylon lanceolatum Melastomataceae Photo: CC BY, 林正文Pterospermum niveum Pterospermum niveum Malvaceae Photo: CC BY, 曾昱承 Yu-Cheng ZengSemecarpus longifolius Semecarpus longifolius Anacardiaceae Photo: CC0, 葉子

Other Ixora 20 in the reference

Ixora borboniae Ixora borboniae Rubiaceae Photo: CC BY-SA, cedric nazeIxora brachiata Ixora brachiata Gorbale Photo: CC0, S.MOREIxora casei Ixora casei Giant red Photo: CC BY, Raúl A. Ruiz M.Ixora chinensis Ixora chinensis Chinese ixora Photo: CC BY, Diogo LuizIxora coccinea Ixora coccinea Rubiaceae Photo: CC BY, Sabarni SarkerIxora congesta Ixora congesta Rubiaceae Photo: CC BY, Michael BerardozziIxora finlaysoniana Ixora finlaysoniana White Jungle Flame Photo: CC BY, Brian Oakes Haiti Hunter Ixora hainanensis Rubiaceae Ixora henryi Rubiaceae Ixora hookeri Ixora hookeri Rubiaceae Photo: CC BY-SA, Steve FitzgeraldIxora javanica Ixora javanica Rubiaceae Photo: CC BY, Samuel LeeIxora macrothyrsa Ixora macrothyrsa Rubiaceae Photo: CC BY, Diogo Luiz all 21 ›

Names & registers

Also known as Ixora graciliflora; Ixora hayatae; Ixora hayatakai; Pavetta jambosifolia. (GBIF Backbone)

GBIFPOWOIPNIWFOWikidata

The record

Family
Rubiaceae
Described by
Merr.
Native to
Taiwan, Borneo, Maluku +2
Wild records
89 in range · 59 open

Every figure here is derived from public data by a stated rule and names its source; nothing about this species is written for its page by a person or by AI, apart from the marked, credited quotations. How →

Where this page came from built 2026-10-22
GBIF species record gbif.species answeredasked 2026-10-22
GBIF synonyms gbif.synonyms answeredasked 2026-10-22
GBIF common names gbif.vernacular answeredasked 2026-10-22names fetched 2026-10-22
WCVP native range wcvp.distribution answeredas of 2026-06-04
GBIF occurrence records gbif.occurrences answeredas of 2026-10-21GBIF occurrence download https://doi.org/10.15468/dl.hbdw64, of 2026-10-21; 2 records within 1 km of a botanic garden, herbarium or zoo left out (1 at a botanic garden or arboretum, 1 at a zoo; Wikidata's list)
Habitat climate climate answeredasked 2026-10-22
Daily extremes (NASA POWER) climate.extremes answeredasked 2026-10-22NASA POWER (MERRA-2) daily 1981–2024, cell 14.00_121.250, lapse-corrected -98 m at 6.5 °C/km
Wikidata wikidata answeredasked 2026-10-22
Wikipedia wikipedia nothing to reportasked 2026-10-22
iNaturalist taxon inat.taxon not asked
iNaturalist photographs, wild inat.photos.wild not asked
iNaturalist photographs, cultivated inat.photos.cultivated not asked
GBIF media gbif.media answeredasked 2026-10-22
Wikimedia Commons commons nothing to reportasked 2026-10-22
OpenAlex papers openalex not askednot yet asked for this reference; a later fill takes the papers from OpenAlex's snapshot

Every source is recorded as having answered, reported nothing, refused, failed, not been asked, or answered twice where one answer is taken (“not taken: two items answered”), and, for a source asked when this page was built, when: the figures are as the source held them that day; a source read from a file (Kew's World Checklist, a GBIF download) says "as of" the file's day instead; a row carried from an earlier build of the page names that build instead. Only “nothing to report” is ever shown as an absence. Records came from 12 datasets via GBIF.org; each carries its own licence.

Cultifolio

Opening your plants…