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Juniperus bermudiana; photograph author not stated, no rights reserved CC0author not stated, no rights reserved · observed growing wild · 2026-04-24

Juniperus bermudiana L.

Bermuda cedar; Bermuda juniper; Bemuda juniper; Bermuda Red Cedar

Cupressaceae · Bermuda

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Juniperus bermudiana, photograph (c) Kevin Faccenda, some rights reserved (CC BY)Juniperus bermudiana, photograph author not stated, no rights reservedJuniperus bermudiana, photograph author not stated, no rights reservedJuniperus bermudiana, photograph author not stated, no rights reservedJuniperus bermudiana, photograph author not stated, no rights reservedJuniperus bermudiana, photograph author not stated, no rights reserved 22 photographs ›
Habitat figuresfrom few records
Coldest month, mean nightly low
16.6°C
Feb at the habitat, not a floor; extremes not used (sea cell) CHELSA
Warmest month, mean daily high
27°C
Aug at the habitat CHELSA
Rain a year (median across the range)
1,619mm
12 months of 25 mm or more in the median year CHELSA
Open-sky light
15–42DLI
Lowest to highest month (DLI) CHELSA
The year in your months, northern hemisphere
  1. Jan
  2. Feb
  3. Mar
  4. Apr
  5. May
  6. Jun
  7. Jul
  8. Aug
  9. Sep
  10. Oct
  11. Nov
  12. Dec
Rain spread: 70% of the median year's rain takes 8 months, so no short rainy season. rain rule, CHELSA
Northern hemisphere unless you set your site. The chart is in the habitat's months.

From few records: 7 records in 5 grid cells. The records.

Summary

Juniperus bermudiana is a species of juniper endemic to Bermuda. This species is most commonly known as Bermuda cedar, but is also referred to as Bermuda juniper (Bermudians refer to it simply as cedar). Historically, this tree formed woodland that covered much of Bermuda. Settlers cleared part of the forest and the tree was used for many purposes including building construction and was especially prized for shipbuilding. More on Wikipedia ›

Quoted from Wikipedia, "Juniperus bermudiana", CC BY-SA 4.0.

Cultivation

Seasons

The rain rule reads no short rainy season: 70% of the median year's rain (1,161 mm of 1,618 mm) takes 8 months, December to March and July to October. Mean temperature moves 8.6 °C between the warmest and coldest month. Months are the habitat's, northern hemisphere; shifted six months for a southern-hemisphere collection: January to April and June to September.

Rain

1,618 mm in the median year at the habitat, 1,161 mm of it December to March and July to October. Wettest month October at 177 mm, driest months (2 at 112 mm). Across the grid cells of the range the year's total runs 1,606 mm to 1,623 mm, the 10th to 90th percentile of each cell's own year. The median of the cells' own yearly totals, 1,619 mm, is the year's rain at the top of the page; the 1,618 mm here is the median year's, the twelve monthly medians added, which the rain rule reads. Habitat calendar, northern hemisphere; median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA.

Light

Open sky over the habitat: 15 to 42 mol/m²/day across the year (daily light integral, median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA).

Warmth and air
Temperature

Monthly means: the coldest month's mean nightly low 16.6 °C in February (across the grid cells of the range 16.6 °C to 16.6 °C), the warmest month's mean daily high 27.0 °C in August (median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA). Cold floor: none read. The nearest figure is 16.6 °C, the coldest month's mean nightly low, February, in the median year (CHELSA); a month's mean of its nightly lows is warmer than the nights a floor is read from. The daily extremes were read at a weather cell that is mostly sea and are not used.

Humidity

Relative humidity at the habitat: 57 to 67% across the year (monthly means, median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA). A figure about the air, saying nothing about how the plant takes water.

How this section is made

Each card states this species' habitat figures with their sources, and what two fixed rules read from them; nothing here says what the plant does, wants or tolerates. The rules · the terms.

Seasons. Read from the median year of CHELSA monthly rainfall and mean temperature across the grid cells of the range: the rain rule takes the smallest set of months carrying 70% of the rain and calls it winter when its mean is more than half a degree below the year's, summer when more than that above, and neither in between; the temperature rule, used only under 120 mm, names the cooler six months when they are at least a degree cooler than the other six. Months are shifted for the other hemisphere only where the temperature curve moves 4 °C or more and the habitat lies 10° or more from the equator. A reading of the curves, not an observation of the plant.

Rain. CHELSA monthly precipitation, median year across the grid cells of the range. The rain that falls where the species is recorded; nothing about how the plant takes water.

Light. CHELSA shortwave radiation at each envelope cell, a daily-mean flux taken to a daily total and converted at 2.07 mol of PAR per MJ. The sky over the habitat, measured; what reaches a plant under a rock, a shrub or a shade cloth is not.

Temperature. CHELSA monthly means, median year across the grid cells of the range. No cold floor is read without a daily extremes series; the coldest month's mean nightly low named in its sentence is not one. Not a measured survival limit for any plant in a pot.

Humidity. CHELSA relative humidity, median year across the grid cells of the range.

Climate across the habitat

From few records: this habitat climate is read from 7 records in 5 grid cells; a page says so under 12 records or 5 cells, and shows the figures as read.

Habitat months, northern hemisphere

Habitat climate of Juniperus bermudiana through the yearWarmest month August, mean daily high 27 °C; coldest month February, mean nightly low 16.6 °C; 1,618 mm of rain in the median year (the twelve monthly medians added). Medians across the range, from CHELSA. Habitat months, northern hemisphere.15°20°25°30°°C · day and nightcold quarter050100150200mm rainDLI 15–42RH 57–67%JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
day night rain medians and 10th–90th percentile across 5 habitat cells, CHELSA cold quarter: the three months around the coldest month's mean nightly low DLI, mol/m²/dayRH %each on its own scale
Figures by month
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Day °C1919 / 19–1919 / 19–1920 / 20–202224 / 24–2426 / 26–2727 / 27–272625 / 25–2522 / 22–2221 / 21–21
Night °C171717 / 17–17182023 / 23–232525 / 25–2625 / 25–252321 / 21–2118 / 18–19
Rain mm141 / 140–141128 / 128–129129 / 128–129117 / 116–118112116 / 115–116133 / 131–133171 / 170–172155 / 154–157177 / 175–178112 / 110–112127 / 126–128
DLI16 / 16–1621 / 21–2129 / 28–2936 / 36–374141423933 / 33–3324 / 24–2418 / 18–1815 / 15–15
RH %57585859 / 59–60646766646259 / 59–605757

The daily extremes were read at a NASA POWER cell that is 4% land: neither it nor the next candidates whose coldest month's mean nightly low is within 2 °C of the median across cells sit in a POWER cell that is mostly land, and the rule reads a cold floor only from a cell that is mostly land, so none is read for this species. Nor is the coldest month's mean nightly low taken as one: it is a mean of a month's lows, not its coldest night. What that cell gave over 44 years: absolute minimum 10.9 °C, 1st-percentile night 13.8 °C, 99th-percentile day 28.7 °C.

How this section is made
Each figure is the median across the 5 grid cells on land that hold in-range records (7 records in those cells; 1 more cell holds records but no land by the elevation layer, so those records sit at sea and the cell is left out), with the 10th–90th percentile span across those cells after the slash where it differs. A dash is a month one or more of those cells has no figure for in the grid (a variable CHELSA does not carry there), so no median is taken rather than one over fewer cells. Extremes and elevation were read at a typical spot in the range, cell 1153:2304 (32.325, -64.775). Normals: CHELSA V2.1 1981–2010 climatology, 0.05° cells (each the mean of ~36 1 km pixels). Across the range: median and 10th–90th percentile of each month across the 5 distinct grid cells holding 7 of the 8 in-range records (1 further cell with records at sea, by the elevation layer, left out); extremes and elevation at the typical cell 1153:2304 (its coldest month's mean nightly low nearest the median across cells, though its NASA POWER cell is only 4% land and none of the 4 next candidates within 2 °C of the median was mostly land); its position is the cell centre. Extremes: NASA POWER (MERRA-2) daily 1981–2024, cell 32.50_-65.000, lapse-corrected +7 m at 6.5 °C/km. Elevation: ETOPO 2022, 7 m (cell mean).

Natural habitat

Native range as published by WCVP; the marker is where the records are densest and decides nothing: the climate was read across the cells of the in-range records placed well enough to read one, not at the marker.
Openly licensed records inside the range, framed on where they fall.
NativeBermuda · introduced: Ascension, St.Helena, Mauritius, Réunion · regions are the level-3 units of the World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, as Kew's World Checklist records ranges, some under historical names such as Yugoslavia or Czechoslovakia (how).
Map marker32.3, -64.733 · in the densest population, 52 records (100% of those in range)
Kew's description“tree” · “subtropical” · quoted from WCVP, RBG Kew (CC BY 4.0); not derived here
Evidence usedThe map marker rests on all 52 georeferenced records inside the native range; the climate across the range on the 7 of them in the land cells it reads, of 8 placed to within 10 km; the map shows only the 14 openly licensed ones, which alone would put the marker 3 km away. 108 records outside the WCVP native range not used. Under a dozen records behind the climate. 44 in-range records are placed to worse than 10 km, or with no stated accuracy (admitted only as a person's observation to three decimals), and stay on the map but off the climate.
How this section is made
The map marker: the openly licensed record nearest the middle of the densest 1° population of the 52 in-range records; it decides nothing. Records outside the native range, living specimens and records marked introduced are not used; which records count.

Photographs

Juniperus bermudiana, photograph 1did not loadJuniperus bermudiana, photograph 2did not loadJuniperus bermudiana, photograph 3did not loadJuniperus bermudiana, photograph 4did not loadJuniperus bermudiana, photograph 5did not loadJuniperus bermudiana, photograph 6did not load

Photographs: (c) Kevin Faccenda, some rights reserved (CC BY); author not stated, no rights reserved · CC0 (5).

Similar habitat climate The 6 nearest by mean daily high, mean nightly low and rain, month by month. How.

Sisyrinchium bermudiana Sisyrinchium bermudiana Blue-eyed-grass Photo: CC0, author not statedHibiscus glaber Hibiscus glaber Malvaceae Photo: CC BY, M108tLigustrum liukiuense Ligustrum liukiuense Oleaceae Photo: CC BY, 謝麗霦Vitex rotundifolia Vitex rotundifolia Round-leaf chastetree Photo: CC BY, Tyler EkholmPinus luchuensis Pinus luchuensis Luchu pine Photo: CC BY, rjtizardCirsium brevicaule Cirsium brevicaule Okinawa Thistle Photo: CC0, author not stated

Other Juniperus 54 in the reference

Juniperus × ambigens Juniperus × ambigens Cupressaceae Photo: CC BY, Brandon CorderJuniperus angosturana Juniperus angosturana Oneseed juniper Photo: CC BY-SA, Juan Cruzado CortésJuniperus arizonica Juniperus arizonica Arizona Juniper Photo: CC BY, CK2AZJuniperus ashei Juniperus ashei Ashe juniper Photo: CC BY, RachelJuniperus barbadensis Juniperus barbadensis West Indies Juniper Photo: CC BY, J. L. Gómez-HechavarríaJuniperus brevifolia Juniperus brevifolia Azores Juniper Photo: CC BY, Michael, Antoni and Nihat HinczewskiJuniperus californica Juniperus californica California juniper Photo: CC BY, Henrik KibakJuniperus canariensis Juniperus canariensis Cupressaceae Photo: CC BY, Hendrik LuupJuniperus cedrus Juniperus cedrus Canary Islands juniper Photo: CC BY, Diego Rodríguez HernándezJuniperus chinensis Juniperus chinensis Chinese juniper Photo: CC BY, chiuluanJuniperus coahuilensis Juniperus coahuilensis Redberry juniper Photo: CC BY, Rodolfo Maximiliano Gutiérrez-SánchezJuniperus communis Juniperus communis Common juniper Photo: CC BY, Juan Martínez Reina all 55 ›

Names & registers

Also known as Juniperus nepalensis; Juniperus oppositifolia; Juniperus pyramidalis; Juniperus virginiana var. bermudiana; Sabina bermudiana. (GBIF Backbone)

GBIFPOWOIPNIWFOWikidataWikipediaiNaturalist

The record

Family
Cupressaceae
Described by
L.
Native to
Bermuda
Wild records
52 in range · 14 open

Every figure here is derived from public data by a stated rule and names its source; nothing about this species is written for its page by a person or by AI, apart from the marked, credited quotations. How →

Where this page came from built 2026-10-22
GBIF species record gbif.species answeredasked 2026-10-22
GBIF synonyms gbif.synonyms answeredasked 2026-10-22
GBIF common names gbif.vernacular answeredasked 2026-10-22names fetched 2026-10-22
WCVP native range wcvp.distribution answeredas of 2026-06-04
GBIF occurrence records gbif.occurrences answeredas of 2026-10-21GBIF occurrence download https://doi.org/10.15468/dl.hbdw64, of 2026-10-21; 27 records within 1 km of a botanic garden, herbarium or zoo left out (25 at a botanic garden or arboretum, 2 at a herbarium; Wikidata's list)
Habitat climate climate answeredasked 2026-10-22
Daily extremes (NASA POWER) climate.extremes answeredasked 2026-10-22NASA POWER (MERRA-2) daily 1981–2024, cell 32.50_-65.000, lapse-corrected +7 m at 6.5 °C/km; read, and set aside: NASA POWER's cell is mostly sea (4% land), so no cold floor is shown
Wikidata wikidata answeredasked 2026-10-22
Wikipedia wikipedia answeredasked 2026-10-22
iNaturalist photographs, wild inat.photos.wild answeredasked 2026-10-22from iNaturalist's open data of 2026-09-27: research-grade observations with an open-licence photograph, the 24 whose photographs iNaturalist received last (the open data holds no votes); filled 2026-10-22
iNaturalist photographs, cultivated inat.photos.cultivated not asked
GBIF media gbif.media answeredasked 2026-10-22none of the photographs on this page is credited to GBIF: those shown are other sources', and GBIF's were the same photographs or were set aside by the photograph rules
OpenAlex papers openalex not askednot yet asked for this reference; a later fill takes the papers from OpenAlex's snapshot

Every source is recorded as having answered, reported nothing, refused, failed, not been asked, or answered twice where one answer is taken (“not taken: two items answered”), and, for a source asked when this page was built, when: the figures are as the source held them that day; a source read from a file (Kew's World Checklist, a GBIF download) says "as of" the file's day instead; a row carried from an earlier build of the page names that build instead. Only “nothing to report” is ever shown as an absence. Records came from 22 datasets via GBIF.org; each carries its own licence.

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