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Luzula luzuloides; photograph (c) Matteo Martini, some rights reserved (CC BY) CC BY(c) Matteo Martini, some rights reserved (CC BY) · observed growing wild · 2026-08-11

Luzula luzuloides (Lam.) Dandy & Wilmott

White wood-rush; Oak forest woodrush; Forest wood-rush

Juncaceae · Denmark, Sweden +20

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Luzula luzuloides, photograph (c) Carlos Muñoz-Amezcua, some rights reserved (CC BY)Luzula luzuloides, photograph (c) Carlos Muñoz-Amezcua, some rights reserved (CC BY)Luzula luzuloides, photograph (c) Matteo Martini, some rights reserved (CC BY)Luzula luzuloides, photograph (c) Matteo Martini, some rights reserved (CC BY)Luzula luzuloides, photograph (c) Ljaž, some rights reserved (CC BY)Luzula luzuloides, photograph author not stated, no rights reserved 72 photographs ›
Habitat figures
Cold floor (1 night in 100)
-14.9°C
Record low -28.1 °C in 44 years, at a typical spot in the range NASA POWER
Warmest month, mean daily high
22°C
Jul at the habitat CHELSA
Rain a year (median across the range)
992mm
12 months of 25 mm or more in the median year CHELSA
Open-sky light
5–34DLI
Lowest to highest month (DLI) CHELSA
The year in your months, northern hemisphere
  1. Jan
  2. Feb
  3. Mar
  4. Apr
  5. May
  6. Jun
  7. Jul
  8. Aug
  9. Sep
  10. Oct
  11. Nov
  12. Dec
Rain spread: 70% of the median year's rain takes 8 months, so no short rainy season. rain rule, CHELSA
Northern hemisphere unless you set your site. The chart is in the habitat's months.

Summary

Luzula luzuloides, the white wood-rush or oakforest wood-rush is a species of flowering plant in the family Juncaceae (rush family). It is native to Central Europe, from the Balkans to Fennoscandia, but it has also been introduced to the British Isles and other parts of Europe, and to the north-eastern United States and eastern Canada.

Quoted from Wikipedia, "Luzula luzuloides", CC BY-SA 4.0.

Cultivation

Seasons

The rain rule reads no short rainy season: 70% of the median year's rain (714 mm of 999 mm) takes 8 months, May to December. Mean temperature moves 18.4 °C between the warmest and coldest month. Months are the habitat's, northern hemisphere; shifted six months for a southern-hemisphere collection: November to June.

Rain

999 mm in the median year at the habitat, 714 mm of it May to December. Wettest month July at 101 mm, driest month April at 64 mm. Across the grid cells of the range the year's total runs 691 mm to 1,514 mm, the 10th to 90th percentile of each cell's own year. The median of the cells' own yearly totals, 992 mm, is the year's rain at the top of the page; the 999 mm here is the median year's, the twelve monthly medians added, which the rain rule reads. Habitat calendar, northern hemisphere; median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA.

Light

Open sky over the habitat: 5 to 34 mol/m²/day across the year (daily light integral, median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA; the lowest 10th-percentile month across the cells is 4, the highest 90th-percentile month 36).

Warmth and air
Temperature

Coldest: the 1st-percentile night over 44 years at a typical spot in the range is -14.9 °C, the absolute minimum -28.1 °C, 5,600 frost nights in 44 years, 127.3 a year (NASA POWER daily minima). Warmest: the 99th-percentile day is 28.9 °C. Monthly means: the coldest month's mean nightly low -4.0 °C in January (across the grid cells of the range -9.3 °C to -1.1 °C), the warmest month's mean daily high 21.6 °C in July (median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA). Cold floor: -14.9 °C, which is the 1st-percentile night over 44 years at a typical spot in the range (NASA POWER).

Humidity

Relative humidity at the habitat: 60 to 68% across the year (monthly means, median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA). A figure about the air, saying nothing about how the plant takes water.

How this section is made

Each card states this species' habitat figures with their sources, and what two fixed rules read from them; nothing here says what the plant does, wants or tolerates. The rules · the terms.

Seasons. Read from the median year of CHELSA monthly rainfall and mean temperature across the grid cells of the range: the rain rule takes the smallest set of months carrying 70% of the rain and calls it winter when its mean is more than half a degree below the year's, summer when more than that above, and neither in between; the temperature rule, used only under 120 mm, names the cooler six months when they are at least a degree cooler than the other six. Months are shifted for the other hemisphere only where the temperature curve moves 4 °C or more and the habitat lies 10° or more from the equator. A reading of the curves, not an observation of the plant.

Rain. CHELSA monthly precipitation, median year across the grid cells of the range. The rain that falls where the species is recorded; nothing about how the plant takes water.

Light. CHELSA shortwave radiation at each envelope cell, a daily-mean flux taken to a daily total and converted at 2.07 mol of PAR per MJ. The sky over the habitat, measured; what reaches a plant under a rock, a shrub or a shade cloth is not.

Temperature. NASA POWER daily minima and maxima over 44 years at a typical spot in the range, lapse-corrected +143 m to its elevation; CHELSA monthly means, median year across the grid cells of the range. The cold floor is the 1st-percentile night named in its sentence. Not a measured survival limit for any plant in a pot.

Humidity. CHELSA relative humidity, median year across the grid cells of the range.

Climate across the habitat

Habitat months, northern hemisphere

Habitat climate of Luzula luzuloides through the yearWarmest month July, mean daily high 22 °C; coldest month January, mean nightly low -4.0 °C; 999 mm of rain in the median year (the twelve monthly medians added). Medians across the range, from CHELSA; the extremes at the edge from NASA POWER. Habitat months, northern hemisphere.-30°-20°-10°0°10°20°30°frost28.9° 99th-percentile day, NASA POWER-28.1° lowest night in 44 years, NASA POWER°C · day and nightcold quarter050100150200mm rainDLI 5–34RH 60–68%JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
day night rain medians and 10th–90th percentile across 1050 habitat cells, CHELSA cold quarter: the three months around the coldest month's mean nightly low extremes over 44 years at a typical spot in the range, from NASA POWER, marked at the edge, in no month DLI, mol/m²/dayRH %each on its own scale
Figures by month
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Day °C2 / -2–44 / -1–68 / 2–1012 / 8–1417 / 13–1819 / 16–2122 / 18–2321 / 18–2317 / 14–1913 / 9–147 / 3–83 / -1–5
Night °C-4 / -9–-1-4 / -9–-1-1 / -6–23 / -2–48 / 4–911 / 7–1213 / 9–1413 / 9–149 / 5–116 / 1–71 / -4–3-3 / -8–0
Rain mm79 / 40–11866 / 36–9776 / 43–11764 / 43–9890 / 66–14394 / 71–160101 / 73–17892 / 68–16280 / 58–12984 / 49–12382 / 52–12291 / 50–133
DLI7 / 5–912 / 10–1419 / 17–2228 / 26–3033 / 31–3534 / 33–3634 / 32–3629 / 27–3121 / 18–2313 / 11–157 / 6–95 / 4–7
RH %67 / 62–7165 / 62–6862 / 60–6660 / 58–6260 / 58–6360 / 59–6460 / 58–6361 / 58–6363 / 61–6666 / 63–6868 / 65–7268 / 64–72
How this section is made
Each figure is the median across the 1050 grid cells holding the 1276 in-range records, with the 10th–90th percentile span across those cells after the slash where it differs. A dash is a month one or more of those cells has no figure for in the grid (a variable CHELSA does not carry there), so no median is taken rather than one over fewer cells. Extremes and elevation were read at a typical spot in the range, cell 767:3810 (51.625, 10.525). Over 44 years there: absolute minimum -28.1 °C, 1st-percentile night -14.9 °C, 99th-percentile day 28.9 °C. Normals: CHELSA V2.1 1981–2010 climatology, 0.05° cells (each the mean of ~36 1 km pixels). Across the range: median and 10th–90th percentile of each month across the 1050 distinct grid cells holding 1276 of the 1276 in-range records; extremes and elevation at the typical cell 767:3810 (its coldest month's mean nightly low nearest the median across cells); its position is the cell centre. Extremes: NASA POWER (MERRA-2) daily 1981–2024, cell 51.50_10.625, lapse-corrected +143 m at 6.5 °C/km. Elevation: ETOPO 2022, 501 m (cell mean).

Natural habitat

Native range as published by WCVP; the marker is where the records are densest and decides nothing: the climate was read across the cells of the in-range records placed well enough to read one, not at the marker.
Openly licensed records inside the range, framed on where they fall.
NativeDenmark, Sweden, Austria, Belgium, Czechoslovakia, Germany, Hungary, Netherlands, Poland, Switzerland, France, Spain, Albania, Bulgaria, Greece, Italy, Romania, Turkey-in-Europe, Yugoslavia, Belarus, Baltic States, Ukraine · introduced: Finland, Great Britain, Norway, Central European Russia, North European Russia, Northwest European Russia, Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Minnesota, Wisconsin, Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New York, Pennsylvania, Vermont · regions are the level-3 units of the World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, as Kew's World Checklist records ranges, some under historical names such as Yugoslavia or Czechoslovakia (how).
Map marker48.47, 13.765 · in the densest population, 1339 records (74% of those in range)
Kew's description“perennial” · “temperate” · quoted from WCVP, RBG Kew (CC BY 4.0); not derived here
Evidence usedThe map marker rests on all 1801 georeferenced records inside the native range; the climate across the range on the 1276 of them placed to within 10 km; the map shows only the 1362 openly licensed ones, which alone would put the marker 23 km away. 29 records outside the WCVP native range not used. 525 in-range records are placed to worse than 10 km, or with no stated accuracy (admitted only as a person's observation to three decimals), and stay on the map but off the climate.
How this section is made
The map marker: the openly licensed record nearest the middle of the densest 1° population inside the densest 4° block of the 1801 in-range records; it decides nothing. Records outside the native range, living specimens and records marked introduced are not used; which records count.

Photographs

Luzula luzuloides, photograph 1did not loadLuzula luzuloides, photograph 2did not loadLuzula luzuloides, photograph 3did not loadLuzula luzuloides, photograph 4did not loadLuzula luzuloides, photograph 5did not loadLuzula luzuloides, photograph 6did not load

Photographs: (c) Carlos Muñoz-Amezcua, some rights reserved (CC BY) (2); (c) Matteo Martini, some rights reserved (CC BY) (2); (c) Ljaž, some rights reserved (CC BY); author not stated, no rights reserved · CC0.

Similar habitat climate The 6 nearest by mean daily high, mean nightly low and rain, month by month. How.

Bupleurum longifolium Bupleurum longifolium Long-leaved Hare's-ear Photo: CC BY, Flavien SaboureauBromus benekenii Bromus benekenii Lesser Hairy-brome Photo: CC BY, Vladimír FukaDaphne mezereum Daphne mezereum Mezereon Photo: CC BY, Aurelijus NarbutasBrachypodium pinnatum Brachypodium pinnatum Heath false-brome Photo: CC BY, Oleksandr ShynderGeranium phaeum Geranium phaeum Dusky crane's-bill Photo: CC BY, Daniel CahenPrunella grandiflora Prunella grandiflora Large-flowered Selfheal Photo: CC BY, Jason Grant

Other Luzula 27 in the reference

Luzula acuminata Luzula acuminata Hairy woodrush Photo: CC BY, Norma MalinowskiLuzula alpinopilosa Luzula alpinopilosa Alpine woodrush Photo: CC BY, LjažLuzula arcuata Luzula arcuata Curved woodrush Photo: CC BY, Oleg KosterinLuzula banksiana Luzula banksiana Juncaceae Photo: CC BY, Emily RobertsLuzula campestris Luzula campestris Field woodrush Photo: CC BY, Ondřej KřivanLuzula canariensis Luzula canariensis Juncaceae Photo: CC BY, Lídia CarreraLuzula desvauxii Luzula desvauxii Juncaceae Photo: CC BY-SA, Mallol Camprubí AlbertLuzula echinata Luzula echinata Hedgehog woodrush Photo: CC BY-SA, Turner BrockmanLuzula forsteri Luzula forsteri Southern Wood-rush Photo: CC BY, Наталья ПикаловаLuzula glabrata Luzula glabrata Smooth woodrush Photo: CC BY, Patrick HackerLuzula lutea Luzula lutea Yellow wood-rush Photo: CC BY, chrisdtLuzula luzulina Luzula luzulina Juncaceae Photo: CC BY, Ljaž all 28 ›

Names & registers

Also known as Juncus angustifolius. (GBIF Backbone)

GBIFPOWOIPNIWFOWikidataWikipediaiNaturalist

The record

Family
Juncaceae
Described by
(Lam.) Dandy & Wilmott
Native to
Denmark, Sweden, Austria +19
Wild records
1801 in range · 1362 open

Every figure here is derived from public data by a stated rule and names its source; nothing about this species is written for its page by a person or by AI, apart from the marked, credited quotations. How →

Where this page came from built 2026-10-22
GBIF species record gbif.species answeredasked 2026-10-22
GBIF synonyms gbif.synonyms answeredasked 2026-10-22
GBIF common names gbif.vernacular answeredasked 2026-10-22names fetched 2026-10-22
WCVP native range wcvp.distribution answeredas of 2026-06-04
GBIF occurrence records gbif.occurrences answeredas of 2026-10-21GBIF occurrence download https://doi.org/10.15468/dl.hbdw64, of 2026-10-21; 14 records within 1 km of a botanic garden, herbarium or zoo left out (11 at a botanic garden or arboretum, 1 at a herbarium, 2 at a zoo; Wikidata's list)
Habitat climate climate answeredasked 2026-10-22
Daily extremes (NASA POWER) climate.extremes answeredasked 2026-10-22NASA POWER (MERRA-2) daily 1981–2024, cell 51.50_10.625, lapse-corrected +143 m at 6.5 °C/km
Wikidata wikidata answeredasked 2026-10-22
Wikipedia wikipedia answeredasked 2026-10-22
iNaturalist photographs, wild inat.photos.wild answeredasked 2026-10-22from iNaturalist's open data of 2026-09-27: research-grade observations with an open-licence photograph, the 24 whose photographs iNaturalist received last (the open data holds no votes); filled 2026-10-22
iNaturalist photographs, cultivated inat.photos.cultivated not asked
GBIF media gbif.media answeredasked 2026-10-22
OpenAlex papers openalex not askednot yet asked for this reference; a later fill takes the papers from OpenAlex's snapshot

Every source is recorded as having answered, reported nothing, refused, failed, not been asked, or answered twice where one answer is taken (“not taken: two items answered”), and, for a source asked when this page was built, when: the figures are as the source held them that day; a source read from a file (Kew's World Checklist, a GBIF download) says "as of" the file's day instead; a row carried from an earlier build of the page names that build instead. Only “nothing to report” is ever shown as an absence. Records came from 108 datasets via GBIF.org; each carries its own licence.

Cultifolio

Opening your plants…