Ana Nuño, CC0, iNaturalist via GBIF · observed growing wild

Mammillaria duoformis R.T.Craig & E.Y.Dawson

Cactaceae

Climate known 4 photographs Cactus or succulent

Every figure on this page is derived from public data by a stated rule and says its source; nothing here is written by a person or a model, except the Wikipedia passage, which is quoted and marked as such. How it is made.

About the genus · Mammillaria

Mammillaria is one of the largest genera in the cactus family (Cactaceae), with currently about 170 to 190 accepted species and around 99 subspecies. Most of the mammillarias are native to Mexico, while some come from the Southwestern United States, the Caribbean, Colombia, Guatemala, Honduras and Venezuela. The common name "pincushion cactus" refers to this genus and the closely related Escobaria.

Text from Wikipedia, “Mammillaria”, CC BY-SA 4.0, quoted as written.

Family

Cactaceae

Described by

R.T.Craig & E.Y.Dawson

Native to

Mexico Central, Mexico Southwest

Wild records

35 in range· 14 open

At a glance

Warmest month

30°C

Apr, mean day; nights 14 °C (CHELSA)

Rain

719mm/yr

6 wet months · peak Jun 154 mm (CHELSA)

Light

33–47DLI

mol/m²/day, winter to summer, open sky (CHELSA shortwave)

In short condensed by rule from the cultivation cards · not written by a person

Grouped as a cactus or succulent by the genus Mammillaria, which is reliably one kind of plant (archetype table). Rain rule: a summer growing season, June to September in the northern hemisphere (June to September at the habitat, northern). Habitat rain 719 mm a year, wettest June at 154 mm, driest December at 4 mm (habitat calendar, northern hemisphere). Open sky over the habitat: 33 to 47 mol/m²/day. Cold floor 4.0 °C (1st-percentile habitat night, NASA POWER).

Each sentence is one card's own one-line form, written by the same rule as the card (Its year, Rain, Light, Temperature); the note cannot say what a card does not. Months are given for the northern hemisphere (set your site in Settings to change this), and the habitat's own alongside. The cards · the figures.

Also known as Cactus coronaria Jacob-Makoy; Cactus hamatus (Lehm.) Kuntze; Mammillaria claviformis Repp.; Mammillaria duoformis var. rectiformis R.T.Craig & E.Y.Dawson; Mammillaria duoformis var. typica R.T.Craig & E.Y.Dawson and 6 more.

Cultivation

Grouped as a cactus or succulent by the genus Mammillaria, which is reliably one kind of plant (archetype table). The table holds no figure for this group, which spans too much for one minimum; the cold floor is the habitat's alone, and no prose comes from the table.

Its year Rain rule: a summer growing season, June to September in the northern hemisphere (June to September at the habitat, northern).

This species’ habitat figures, and what two fixed rules read from them.

The rain rule reads a summer growing season: 70% of the year's rain (550 mm of 719 mm) falls in June to September, warmer than the year (wet-season mean 20.7 °C against a yearly mean of 20.1 °C). Months are the habitat's, northern hemisphere; shifted six months for a southern-hemisphere collection: December to March.

Read from the median year of CHELSA monthly rainfall and mean temperature across the envelope cells: the rain rule takes the smallest set of months carrying 70% of the rain and calls it winter when its mean is more than half a degree below the year's, summer when more than that above, and neither in between; the temperature rule, used only under 120 mm, names the cooler six months when they are at least a degree cooler than the other six. Months are shifted for the other hemisphere only where the temperature curve gives a season to reverse. A reading of the curves, not an observation of the plant.

Rain Habitat rain 719 mm a year, wettest June at 154 mm, driest December at 4 mm (habitat calendar, northern hemisphere).

This species’ habitat figures, with their source.

719 mm a year at the habitat, 550 mm of it June to September. Wettest month June at 154 mm, driest December at 4 mm; 1 month under 5 mm. Across the envelope cells the year's total runs 585 mm to 877 mm (10th to 90th percentile of each cell's own year) (median year across the envelope cells, CHELSA; habitat calendar, northern hemisphere).

CHELSA monthly precipitation, median year across the envelope cells. The rain that falls where the species is recorded; nothing about how the plant takes water.

Light Open sky over the habitat: 33 to 47 mol/m²/day.

This species’ habitat figures, with their source.

Open sky over the habitat: 33 to 47 mol/m²/day across the year (daily light integral, median year across the envelope cells, CHELSA; the lowest 10th-percentile month across the cells is 32, the highest 90th-percentile month 48).

CHELSA shortwave radiation at each envelope cell, a daily-mean flux taken to a daily total and converted at 2.07 mol of PAR per MJ. The sky over the habitat, measured; what reaches a plant under a rock, a shrub or a shade cloth is not.

Warmth and air Cold floor 4.0 °C (1st-percentile habitat night, NASA POWER).

This species’ habitat figures, with their source.

Temperature

Coldest: the 1st-percentile night over 44 years at the typical cell is 4.0 °C, the absolute minimum -3.9 °C, 7 frost nights in 44 years (NASA POWER daily minima). Warmest: the 99th-percentile day is 34.8 °C. Monthly means: coldest night 10.4 °C in January (across the envelope cells 7.3 °C to 12.5 °C), warmest day 29.6 °C in April (median year across the envelope cells, CHELSA). Cold floor: 4.0 °C, which is the 1st-percentile night over 44 years at the typical cell (NASA POWER).

NASA POWER daily minima and maxima 1981–2024 at the typical cell, lapse-corrected to its elevation; CHELSA monthly means, median year across the envelope cells, CHELSA. The cold floor is the figure named in its sentence. Not a measured survival limit for any plant in a pot.

Humidity

Relative humidity at the habitat: 47 to 60% across the year (monthly means, median year across the envelope cells, CHELSA). A figure about the air, saying nothing about how the plant takes water.

CHELSA relative humidity, median year across the envelope cells.

The figures the cards read from are in Climate below, and where they came from in Natural habitat.

Climate across the habitat

day night rain 10th–90th percentile across 14 habitat cells cold quarter: the three months around the coldest night extremes over 44 years at the typical cell, marked at the edge: undated DLI, mol/m²/dayRH %each on its own scale

Figures by month

	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec
Day °C	25 / 22–28	26 / 23–30	28 / 25–32	30 / 26–34	29 / 26–34	26 / 23–31	25 / 23–30	25 / 23–31	24 / 22–29	24 / 22–29	25 / 23–30	25 / 22–29
Night °C	10 / 7–13	11 / 8–13	12 / 10–15	14 / 12–17	15 / 13–19	16 / 14–19	15 / 13–18	15 / 13–18	15 / 13–18	14 / 12–17	12 / 10–15	11 / 8–13
Rain mm	7 / 6–10	6 / 5–12	8 / 5–10	17 / 11–26	62 / 50–73	154 / 129–174	129 / 110–161	127 / 101–160	140 / 112–169	55 / 44–65	10 / 7–14	4 / 3–5
DLI	34 / 34–35	39 / 39–40	45 / 44–45	47 / 46–48	45 / 44–46	39 / 39–40	41 / 40–43	40 / 40–42	36 / 35–37	36 / 35–37	35 / 34–35	33 / 32–33
RH %	50 / 47–52	49 / 46–51	47 / 45–49	48 / 45–49	53 / 49–53	59 / 55–61	57 / 53–60	58 / 53–60	60 / 56–62	56 / 53–60	52 / 49–56	50 / 48–53

Each figure is the median across the 14 grid cells holding the 21 in-range records, with the 10th–90th percentile span across those cells after the slash where it differs. Extremes and elevation were read at the typical cell 1443:1644 (17.825, -97.775). Over 44 years there: absolute minimum -3.9 °C, 1st-percentile night 4.0 °C, 99th-percentile day 34.8 °C. Normals: CHELSA V2.1 1981–2010 climatology, 0.05° cells (each the mean of ~36 1 km pixels). Envelope: median and 10th–90th percentile of each month across the 14 distinct grid cells holding the 21 in-range records; extremes and elevation at the typical cell 1443:1644 (its coldest month's mean night nearest the median across cells); its position is the cell centre. Extremes: NASA POWER (MERRA-2) daily 1981–2024, cell 18.00_-97.500, lapse-corrected -337 m at 6.5 °C/km. Elevation: ETOPO 2022, 1658 m (cell mean).

Natural habitat

Native range as published by WCVP; the marker is where the records are densest and decides nothing: the climate was read across every in-range record's cell, not at the marker.

Openly licensed records inside the range, framed on where they fall.

NativeMexico Central, Mexico Southwest

Kew's description“succulent subshrub” · “desert or dry shrubland”· quoted from WCVP, RBG Kew (CC BY 4.0); not derived here

Map marker18.3, -98.221 · in the densest population, 35 records (100% of those in range)

Evidence usedThe map marker and the climate envelope rest on all 35 georeferenced records inside the native range; the map shows only the 14 openly licensed ones, which alone would put the marker 73 km away. 1 record outside the range (gardens, roadsides, misidentifications) ignored. 14 in-range records are placed to worse than 10 km and stay on the map but off the climate.

The map markerthe map marker: the openly licensed record nearest the middle of the densest 1° population of the 35 in-range records; it decides nothing.

Photographs

Photographs: Ana Nuño, CC0, iNaturalist via GBIF (3).

Photographs: iNaturalist did not answer when this page was built; what is shown came from the sources that did.

Papers naming this species

Works whose title or abstract names Mammillaria duoformis, most cited first, from OpenAlex (CC0). A mention, not a cultivation source: nothing on this page is drawn from them.

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