Species
+

Melaleuca styphelioides Sm.

Prickly-leaved Paperbark, prickly paperbark, prickly-leaf paperbark, prickly-leaf teatree

Climate known 93 photographs
Add one to my plants Sow seed

Every figure on this page is derived from public data by a stated rule and says its source; nothing here is written by a person or a model, except the Wikipedia passage, which is quoted and marked as such. How it is made.

Summary

Melaleuca styphelioides, known as the prickly-leaved paperbark or prickly paperbark, is a plant native to eastern Australia. It is a tree with spongy bark, prickly leaves and spikes of creamy-white flowers.

Text from Wikipedia, “Melaleuca styphelioides”, CC BY-SA 4.0, quoted as written. Kept separate from everything derived here.

About the genus · Melaleuca

Melaleuca is a genus of nearly 300 species of plants in the myrtle family, Myrtaceae, commonly known as paperbarks, honey-myrtles, bottlebrushes or tea-trees. They range in size from small shrubs that rarely grow to more than 1 m high, to trees up to 35 m (115 ft). Their flowers generally occur in groups, forming a "head" or "spike" resembling a brush used for cleaning bottles, containing up to 80 individual flowers.

Text from Wikipedia, “Melaleuca”, CC BY-SA 4.0, quoted as written.

Family
Myrtaceae
Described by
Sm.
Native to
New South Wales, Queensland
Wild records
1614 in range· 1523 open

At a glance

Warmest month
27°C
Jan, mean day; nights 19 °C (CHELSA)
Rain
1071mm/yr
12 wet months · peak Feb 142 mm (CHELSA)
Light
16–42DLI
mol/m²/day, winter to summer, open sky (CHELSA shortwave)
In short condensed by rule from the cultivation cards · not written by a person
Rain rule: no season, 70% of the rain takes 8 months (May to December in the northern hemisphere). Habitat rain 1071 mm a year, wettest February at 142 mm, driest August at 55 mm (habitat calendar, southern hemisphere). Open sky over the habitat: 16 to 42 mol/m²/day. Cold floor 3.5 °C (1st-percentile habitat night, NASA POWER).
Each sentence is one card's own one-line form, written by the same rule as the card (Its year, Rain, Light, Temperature); the note cannot say what a card does not. Months are given for the northern hemisphere (set your site in Settings to change this), and the habitat's own alongside. The cards · the figures.

Also known as Leptospermum styphelioides (Sm.) Schauer; Melaleuca obliqua Buse ex DeVriese; Melaleuca obliqua Büse; Melaleuca obliqua Büse ex de Vriese; Myrtoleucodendron styphelioides (Sm.) Kuntze.

Cultivation

Its year Rain rule: no season, 70% of the rain takes 8 months (May to December in the northern hemisphere).

This species’ habitat figures, and what two fixed rules read from them.

The rain rule reads no season: 70% of the year's rain (822 mm of 1071 mm) takes 8 months, November to June. Mean temperature moves 10.8 °C between the warmest and coldest month. Months are the habitat's, southern hemisphere; shifted six months for a northern-hemisphere collection: May to December.

Read from the median year of CHELSA monthly rainfall and mean temperature across the envelope cells: the rain rule takes the smallest set of months carrying 70% of the rain and calls it winter when its mean is more than half a degree below the year's, summer when more than that above, and neither in between; the temperature rule, used only under 120 mm, names the cooler six months when they are at least a degree cooler than the other six. Months are shifted for the other hemisphere only where the temperature curve gives a season to reverse. A reading of the curves, not an observation of the plant.

Rain Habitat rain 1071 mm a year, wettest February at 142 mm, driest August at 55 mm (habitat calendar, southern hemisphere).

This species’ habitat figures, with their source.

1071 mm a year at the habitat, 822 mm of it November to June. Wettest month February at 142 mm, driest August at 55 mm. Across the envelope cells the year's total runs 821 mm to 1361 mm (10th to 90th percentile of each cell's own year) (median year across the envelope cells, CHELSA; habitat calendar, southern hemisphere).

CHELSA monthly precipitation, median year across the envelope cells. The rain that falls where the species is recorded; nothing about how the plant takes water.

Light Open sky over the habitat: 16 to 42 mol/m²/day.

This species’ habitat figures, with their source.

Open sky over the habitat: 16 to 42 mol/m²/day across the year (daily light integral, median year across the envelope cells, CHELSA; the lowest 10th-percentile month across the cells is 16, the highest 90th-percentile month 43).

CHELSA shortwave radiation at each envelope cell, a daily-mean flux taken to a daily total and converted at 2.07 mol of PAR per MJ. The sky over the habitat, measured; what reaches a plant under a rock, a shrub or a shade cloth is not.

Warmth and air Cold floor 3.5 °C (1st-percentile habitat night, NASA POWER).

This species’ habitat figures, with their source.

Temperature

Coldest: the 1st-percentile night over 44 years at the typical cell is 3.5 °C, the absolute minimum 0.0 °C, no frost in 44 years (NASA POWER daily minima). Warmest: the 99th-percentile day is 37.0 °C. Monthly means: coldest night 8.4 °C in July (across the envelope cells 4.8 °C to 11.2 °C), warmest day 26.6 °C in January (median year across the envelope cells, CHELSA). Cold floor: 3.5 °C, which is the 1st-percentile night over 44 years at the typical cell (NASA POWER).

NASA POWER daily minima and maxima 1981–2024 at the typical cell, lapse-corrected to its elevation; CHELSA monthly means, median year across the envelope cells, CHELSA. The cold floor is the figure named in its sentence. Not a measured survival limit for any plant in a pot.

Humidity

Relative humidity at the habitat: 56 to 62% across the year (monthly means, median year across the envelope cells, CHELSA). A figure about the air, saying nothing about how the plant takes water.

CHELSA relative humidity, median year across the envelope cells.

The figures the cards read from are in Climate below, and where they came from in Natural habitat.

Climate across the habitat

Habitat climate through the yearMean day from 16 °C in Jul to 27 °C in Jan; mean night from 8 °C in Jul to 19 °C in Feb. The cold quarter, Jun to Aug, is the three months around the coldest night. 1071 mm of rain a year, most in Feb. The bands show the 10th to 90th percentile across 614 habitat cells. Over 44 years at the typical cell the absolute minimum was 0.0 °C and the 99th-percentile day 37.0 °C; neither is dated to a month. Beneath: daily light integral and relative humidity through the year, each on its own scale.-10°10°20°30°40°frost37.0° 99th-percentile day (undated)0.0° lowest night in 44 yrs (undated)°C · day and nightcold quarter050100150200mm rainDLI 16–42RH 56–62 %JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
day night rain 10th–90th percentile across 614 habitat cells cold quarter: the three months around the coldest night extremes over 44 years at the typical cell, marked at the edge: undated DLI, mol/m²/dayRH %each on its own scale
Figures by month
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Day °C27 / 24–2926 / 24–2824 / 23–2622 / 20–2319 / 17–2116 / 14–1916 / 13–1817 / 15–2020 / 18–2222 / 20–2424 / 21–2626 / 23–28
Night °C19 / 17–2119 / 17–2118 / 15–2015 / 12–1712 / 9–1510 / 6–128 / 5–119 / 6–1211 / 8–1414 / 11–1616 / 13–1818 / 15–20
Rain mm94 / 72–141142 / 106–184108 / 73–158107 / 70–14194 / 59–12687 / 55–11561 / 42–8155 / 43–7155 / 43–6778 / 64–94100 / 80–12890 / 75–128
DLI41 / 40–4236 / 35–3731 / 30–3224 / 24–2619 / 18–2116 / 16–1918 / 17–2124 / 24–2732 / 31–3437 / 37–3840 / 39–4142 / 41–43
RH %60 / 58–6362 / 59–6461 / 59–6360 / 59–6260 / 58–6259 / 57–6258 / 56–6056 / 54–5856 / 54–5857 / 55–5959 / 56–6159 / 57–62

Each figure is the median across the 614 grid cells holding the 1596 in-range records, with the 10th–90th percentile span across those cells after the slash where it differs. Extremes and elevation were read at the typical cell 2488:6616 (-34.425, 150.825). Over 44 years there: absolute minimum 0.0 °C, 1st-percentile night 3.5 °C, 99th-percentile day 37.0 °C. Normals: CHELSA V2.1 1981–2010 climatology, 0.05° cells (each the mean of ~36 1 km pixels). Envelope: median and 10th–90th percentile of each month across the 614 distinct grid cells holding the 1596 in-range records; extremes and elevation at the typical cell 2488:6616 (its coldest month's mean night nearest the median across cells); its position is the cell centre. Extremes: NASA POWER (MERRA-2) daily 1981–2024, cell -34.50_150.625, lapse-corrected -163 m at 6.5 °C/km. Elevation: ETOPO 2022, 205 m (cell mean).

Natural habitat

Native range as published by WCVP; the marker is where the records are densest and decides nothing: the climate was read across every in-range record's cell, not at the marker.
Openly licensed records inside the range, framed on where they fall.
NativeNew South Wales, Queensland
Kew's description“tree” · “subtropical”· quoted from WCVP, RBG Kew (CC BY 4.0); not derived here
Map marker-33.567, 151.117 · in the densest population, 1205 records (75% of those in range)
Evidence usedThe map marker and the climate envelope rest on all 1614 georeferenced records inside the native range; the map shows only the 1523 openly licensed ones, which alone would put the marker 75 km away. 87 records outside the range (gardens, roadsides, misidentifications) ignored. 18 in-range records are placed to worse than 10 km and stay on the map but off the climate.
The map markerthe map marker: the openly licensed record nearest the middle of the densest 1° population of the 1614 in-range records; it decides nothing.

Photographs

Melaleuca styphelioidesMelaleuca styphelioidesMelaleuca styphelioidesMelaleuca styphelioidesMelaleuca styphelioidesMelaleuca styphelioidesMelaleuca styphelioidesMelaleuca styphelioides

Photographs: no rights reserved · CC0 (2); (c) Tony Rebelo, some rights reserved (CC BY-SA) (2); (c) Tony van Kampen, some rights reserved (CC BY) (4).

Photographs: iNaturalist did not answer when this page was built; what is shown came from the sources that did.

Papers naming this species

Works whose title or abstract names Melaleuca styphelioides, most cited first, from OpenAlex (CC0). A mention, not a cultivation source: nothing on this page is drawn from them.

Chemical Composition and Biological Activities of the Essential Oils from Three Melaleuca Species Grown in Tunisia
Ismail Amrı, Emilia Mancini, Laura De Martino, Aurelio Marandino (2012) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences
Anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective and antioxidant activity of ellagitannin isolated from Melaleuca styphelioides
Eman Al‐Sayed, Michal Kořínek, Ahmed Esmat, Guanyu Chen (2020) · Phytochemistry
Melaleuca styphelioides Sm. Polyphenols Modulate Interferon Gamma/Histamine-Induced Inflammation in Human NCTC 2544 Keratinocytes
Ferdaous Albouchi, Rosanna Avola, Gianluigi Maria Lo Dico, Vittorio Calabrese (2018) · Molecules
Hepatoprotective and antioxidant activity ofMelaleuca styphelioideson carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatotoxicity in mice
Eman Al‐Sayed, Naglaa M. El-Lakkany, Sayed H. Seif el-Din, Abdel-Nasser A. Sabra (2014) · Pharmaceutical Biology
Chemical composition and anti- Acanthamoeba activity of Melaleuca styphelioides essential oil
Ferdaous Albouchi, Inés Sifaoui, María Reyes-Batllé, Atteneri López‐Arencibia (2017) · Experimental Parasitology
Calibration of the root water uptake spatial distribution of a young Melaleuca styphelioides, an Australian-native plant, by means of a large-scale apparatus experiment
Ilaria Bertolini, Guido Gottardi, Carmine Gerardo Gragnano, Olivier Buzzi (2023) · Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment

Similar habitat climate the 6 species whose habitat climate is nearest this one's: mean day and night, month by month, and rain on a log scale, in calendar order, so a habitat with the same seasons six months out is far, not near. Nothing else counts: not range, not family.

Other Melaleuca 8 in the reference

History & registers

Where this page came from built 2026-09-20 · dossier v2 · node
gbif.species answeredcarried from build of 2026-09-19 (offline re-derivation; the backbone was not asked)
gbif.synonyms answeredcarried from build of 2026-09-19 (offline re-derivation; the backbone was not asked)
gbif.vernacular answeredcarried from build of 2026-09-19 (offline re-derivation; the backbone was not asked)
wcvp.distribution answered
gbif.occurrences answeredGBIF occurrence download https://doi.org/10.15468/dl.3h4zam
climate answered
wikidata answeredcarried from build of 2026-09-19 (rederive); that build: carried from build of 2026-09-19 (rederive)
wikipedia answeredcarried from build of 2026-09-19; this build: skipped
inat.taxon not asked
inat.photos.wild answeredcarried from build of 2026-09-19; this build: skipped
inat.photos.cultivated nothing to reportcarried from build of 2026-09-19 (rederive); that build: carried from build of 2026-09-19 (rederive)
commons nothing to reportcarried from build of 2026-09-19 (rederive); that build: carried from build of 2026-09-19 (rederive)
gbif.media answered
openalex answeredcarried from build of 2026-09-19; this build: skipped

Every upstream is recorded as having answered, reported nothing, or refused. Only “nothing to report” is ever shown as an absence. Records came from 36 datasets via GBIF.org; each carries its own licence.