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Metrosideros operculata; photograph (c) Alain Le Magueresse, some rights reserved (CC BY) CC BY(c) Alain Le Magueresse, some rights reserved (CC BY) · observed growing wild · 2010-12-04

Metrosideros operculata Labill.

Myrtaceae · New Caledonia

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Metrosideros operculata, photograph (c) Irisa Hudson, some rights reserved (CC BY)Metrosideros operculata, photograph (c) Irisa Hudson, some rights reserved (CC BY)Metrosideros operculata, photograph (c) Irisa Hudson, some rights reserved (CC BY)Metrosideros operculata, photograph (c) Genevieve Early, some rights reserved (CC BY)Metrosideros operculata, photograph (c) Genevieve Early, some rights reserved (CC BY)Metrosideros operculata, photograph (c) Genevieve Early, some rights reserved (CC BY) 23 photographs ›
Habitat figures
Cold floor (1 night in 100)
16.6°C
Record low 15.0 °C in 44 years, at a typical spot in the range NASA POWER
Warmest month, mean daily high
27°C
Feb at the habitat CHELSA
Rain a year (median across the range)
2,161mm
12 months of 25 mm or more in the median year CHELSA
Open-sky light
20–42DLI
Lowest to highest month (DLI) CHELSA
The year in your months, northern hemisphere
  1. Jan
  2. Feb
  3. Mar
  4. Apr
  5. May
  6. Jun
  7. Jul
  8. Aug
  9. Sep
  10. Oct
  11. Nov
  12. Dec
Wet summers: the rain comes June to December (December to June at the habitat), read as a summer growing season. rain rule, CHELSA
Northern hemisphere unless you set your site. The chart is in the habitat's months.

Summary

Metrosideros operculata is a species of flowering plant in the family Myrtaceae. It is endemic to New Caledonia. It usually grows as a shrub to 3 metres (9.8 ft) in height, or rarely as a small tree to 10 metres (33 ft). Stems are square in section and covered with silky hairs. More on Wikipedia ›

Quoted from Wikipedia, "Metrosideros operculata", CC BY-SA 4.0.

About the genus · Metrosideros

Metrosideros is a genus of approximately 60 trees, shrubs, and vines in the family Myrtaceae, mostly found in the Pacific region. Most of the tree forms are small, but some are exceptionally large, the New Zealand species in particular. The name derives from the Ancient Greek metra or "heartwood" and sideron or "iron". More on Wikipedia ›

Quoted from Wikipedia, "Metrosideros", CC BY-SA 4.0.

Cultivation

Seasons

The rain rule reads a summer growing season: 70% of the median year's rain (1,606 mm of 2,109 mm) falls in December to June, warmer than the year (wet-season mean 22.9 °C against a yearly mean of 21.6 °C). Months are the habitat's, southern hemisphere; shifted six months for a northern-hemisphere collection: June to December.

Rain

2,109 mm in the median year at the habitat, 1,606 mm of it December to June. Wettest month March at 339 mm, driest month September at 75 mm. Across the grid cells of the range the year's total runs 1,297 mm to 2,853 mm, the 10th to 90th percentile of each cell's own year. The median of the cells' own yearly totals, 2,161 mm, is the year's rain at the top of the page; the 2,109 mm here is the median year's, the twelve monthly medians added, which the rain rule reads. Habitat calendar, southern hemisphere; median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA.

Light

Open sky over the habitat: 20 to 42 mol/m²/day across the year (daily light integral, median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA; the lowest 10th-percentile month across the cells is 19, the highest 90th-percentile month 43).

Warmth and air
Temperature

Coldest: the 1st-percentile night over 44 years at a typical spot in the range is 16.6 °C, the absolute minimum 15.0 °C, no frost in 44 years (NASA POWER daily minima). Warmest: the 99th-percentile day is 30.6 °C. Monthly means: the coldest month's mean nightly low 16.1 °C in August (across the grid cells of the range 13.5 °C to 18.1 °C), the warmest month's mean daily high 26.6 °C in February (median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA). Cold floor: 16.6 °C, which is the 1st-percentile night over 44 years at a typical spot in the range (NASA POWER).

Humidity

Relative humidity at the habitat: 62 to 69% across the year (monthly means, median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA). A figure about the air, saying nothing about how the plant takes water.

How this section is made

Each card states this species' habitat figures with their sources, and what two fixed rules read from them; nothing here says what the plant does, wants or tolerates. The rules · the terms.

Seasons. Read from the median year of CHELSA monthly rainfall and mean temperature across the grid cells of the range: the rain rule takes the smallest set of months carrying 70% of the rain and calls it winter when its mean is more than half a degree below the year's, summer when more than that above, and neither in between; the temperature rule, used only under 120 mm, names the cooler six months when they are at least a degree cooler than the other six. Months are shifted for the other hemisphere only where the temperature curve moves 4 °C or more and the habitat lies 10° or more from the equator. A reading of the curves, not an observation of the plant.

Rain. CHELSA monthly precipitation, median year across the grid cells of the range. The rain that falls where the species is recorded; nothing about how the plant takes water.

Light. CHELSA shortwave radiation at each envelope cell, a daily-mean flux taken to a daily total and converted at 2.07 mol of PAR per MJ. The sky over the habitat, measured; what reaches a plant under a rock, a shrub or a shade cloth is not.

Temperature. NASA POWER daily minima and maxima over 44 years at a typical spot in the range, lapse-corrected +3 m to its elevation; CHELSA monthly means, median year across the grid cells of the range. The cold floor is the 1st-percentile night named in its sentence. Not a measured survival limit for any plant in a pot.

Humidity. CHELSA relative humidity, median year across the grid cells of the range.

Climate across the habitat

Habitat months, southern hemisphere

Habitat climate of Metrosideros operculata through the yearWarmest month February, mean daily high 27 °C; coldest month August, mean nightly low 16.1 °C; 2,109 mm of rain in the median year (the twelve monthly medians added). Medians across the range, from CHELSA; the extremes at the edge from NASA POWER. Habitat months, southern hemisphere.10°15°20°25°30°35°30.6° 99th-percentile day, NASA POWER15.0° lowest night in 44 years, NASA POWER°C · day and nightcold quarter0100200300400500mm rainDLI 20–42RH 62–69%JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
day night rain medians and 10th–90th percentile across 48 habitat cells, CHELSA cold quarter: the three months around the coldest month's mean nightly low extremes over 44 years at a typical spot in the range, from NASA POWER, marked at the edge, in no month DLI, mol/m²/dayRH %each on its own scale
Figures by month
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Day °C26 / 25–2927 / 25–2926 / 25–2825 / 23–2723 / 21–2521 / 20–2320 / 19–2220 / 19–2322 / 20–2423 / 22–2624 / 23–2726 / 25–28
Night °C22 / 20–2423 / 20–2422 / 20–2421 / 19–2219 / 17–2118 / 15–2016 / 14–1816 / 14–1817 / 14–1918 / 16–2020 / 17–2121 / 19–23
Rain mm263 / 176–359294 / 198–400339 / 226–443187 / 109–283171 / 104–225141 / 91–187102 / 63–144104 / 63–15175 / 37–12297 / 43–144125 / 79–183211 / 132–289
DLI40 / 38–4137 / 36–3932 / 31–3428 / 27–3123 / 22–2620 / 19–2322 / 21–2526 / 26–2934 / 33–3639 / 38–4141 / 40–4242 / 40–43
RH %68 / 63–7069 / 64–7169 / 64–7267 / 63–7065 / 62–6865 / 63–6762 / 61–6562 / 60–6563 / 59–6563 / 59–6664 / 60–6766 / 61–69
How this section is made
Each figure is the median across the 48 grid cells holding the 77 in-range records, with the 10th–90th percentile span across those cells after the slash where it differs. A dash is a month one or more of those cells has no figure for in the grid (a variable CHELSA does not carry there), so no median is taken rather than one over fewer cells. Extremes and elevation were read at a typical spot in the range, cell 2233:6915 (-21.675, 165.775). Over 44 years there: absolute minimum 15.0 °C, 1st-percentile night 16.6 °C, 99th-percentile day 30.6 °C. Normals: CHELSA V2.1 1981–2010 climatology, 0.05° cells (each the mean of ~36 1 km pixels). Across the range: median and 10th–90th percentile of each month across the 48 distinct grid cells holding 77 of the 77 in-range records; extremes and elevation at the typical cell 2233:6915 (its coldest month's mean nightly low nearest the median across cells); its position is the cell centre. Extremes: NASA POWER (MERRA-2) daily 1981–2024, cell -21.50_165.625, lapse-corrected +3 m at 6.5 °C/km. Elevation: ETOPO 2022, 141 m (cell mean).

Natural habitat

Native range as published by WCVP; the marker is where the records are densest and decides nothing: the climate was read across the cells of the in-range records placed well enough to read one, not at the marker.
Openly licensed records inside the range, framed on where they fall.
NativeNew Caledonia · regions are the level-3 units of the World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, as Kew's World Checklist records ranges, some under historical names such as Yugoslavia or Czechoslovakia (how).
Map marker-21.429, 165.412 · in the densest population, 155 records (100% of those in range)
Kew's description“shrub” · “wet tropical” · quoted from WCVP, RBG Kew (CC BY 4.0); not derived here
Evidence usedThe map marker rests on all 155 georeferenced records inside the native range; the climate across the range on the 77 of them placed to within 10 km; the map shows only the 91 openly licensed ones, which alone would put the marker 124 km away. 78 in-range records are placed to worse than 10 km, or with no stated accuracy (admitted only as a person's observation to three decimals), and stay on the map but off the climate.
How this section is made
The map marker: the openly licensed record nearest the middle of the densest 1° population of the 155 in-range records; it decides nothing. Records outside the native range, living specimens and records marked introduced are not used; which records count.

Photographs

Metrosideros operculata, photograph 1did not loadMetrosideros operculata, photograph 2did not loadMetrosideros operculata, photograph 3did not loadMetrosideros operculata, photograph 4did not loadMetrosideros operculata, photograph 5did not loadMetrosideros operculata, photograph 6did not load

Photographs: (c) Irisa Hudson, some rights reserved (CC BY) (3); (c) Genevieve Early, some rights reserved (CC BY) (3).

Similar habitat climate The 6 nearest by mean daily high, mean nightly low and rain, month by month. How.

Nepenthes vieillardii Nepenthes vieillardii New Caledonia Pitcher Plant Photo: CC BY, anguspritchardSyzygium acre Syzygium acre Myrtaceae Photo: CC BY-SA, didier Podocarpus novae-caledoniae Podocarpaceae Stenocarpus trinervis Proteaceae Drosera neocaledonica Drosera neocaledonica Droseraceae Photo: CC0, author not statedBlechnum gibbum Blechnum gibbum Aspleniaceae Photo: Public domain, Daderot

Other Metrosideros 20 in the reference

Metrosideros albiflora Metrosideros albiflora White Flowering Rātā Photo: CC BY, Hannah Whittall Metrosideros angustifolia Myrtaceae Metrosideros bartlettii Metrosideros bartlettii Bartlett's rata Photo: CC0, author not statedMetrosideros carminea Metrosideros carminea Crimson rata Photo: CC BY, Chris ParminterMetrosideros colensoi Metrosideros colensoi Myrtaceae Photo: CC0, author not statedMetrosideros collina Metrosideros collina Vunga Photo: CC BY, Mike BowieMetrosideros diffusa Metrosideros diffusa Small ratavine Photo: CC BY, 大澤風季 ohsawa_FukiMetrosideros excelsa Metrosideros excelsa New Zealand Christmastree Photo: CC BY, Leon PerrieMetrosideros fulgens Metrosideros fulgens Scarlet rātā vine Photo: CC BY, Stephen HartleyMetrosideros kermadecensis Metrosideros kermadecensis Pohutukawa Photo: CC0, author not statedMetrosideros laurifolia Metrosideros laurifolia Myrtaceae Photo: CC BY, Rosario DouglasMetrosideros nervulosa Metrosideros nervulosa Mountain Rose Photo: CC BY, Leon Perrie all 21 ›

Names & registers

Also known as Metrosideros operculata var. longifolia; Metrosideros operculata var. myrtifolia; Nania operculata. (GBIF Backbone)

GBIFPOWOIPNIWFOWikidataWikipediaiNaturalist

The record

Family
Myrtaceae
Described by
Labill.
Native to
New Caledonia
Wild records
155 in range · 91 open

Every figure here is derived from public data by a stated rule and names its source; nothing about this species is written for its page by a person or by AI, apart from the marked, credited quotations. How →

Where this page came from built 2026-10-22
GBIF species record gbif.species answeredasked 2026-10-22
GBIF synonyms gbif.synonyms answeredasked 2026-10-22
GBIF common names gbif.vernacular answeredasked 2026-10-22names fetched 2026-10-22
WCVP native range wcvp.distribution answeredas of 2026-06-04
GBIF occurrence records gbif.occurrences answeredas of 2026-10-21GBIF occurrence download https://doi.org/10.15468/dl.hbdw64, of 2026-10-21
Habitat climate climate answeredasked 2026-10-22
Daily extremes (NASA POWER) climate.extremes answeredasked 2026-10-22NASA POWER (MERRA-2) daily 1981–2024, cell -21.50_165.625, lapse-corrected +3 m at 6.5 °C/km
Wikidata wikidata answeredasked 2026-10-22
Wikipedia wikipedia answeredasked 2026-10-22
iNaturalist photographs, wild inat.photos.wild answeredasked 2026-10-22from iNaturalist's open data of 2026-09-27: research-grade observations with an open-licence photograph, the 24 whose photographs iNaturalist received last (the open data holds no votes); filled 2026-10-22
iNaturalist photographs, cultivated inat.photos.cultivated not asked
GBIF media gbif.media answeredasked 2026-10-22
OpenAlex papers openalex not askednot yet asked for this reference; a later fill takes the papers from OpenAlex's snapshot

Every source is recorded as having answered, reported nothing, refused, failed, not been asked, or answered twice where one answer is taken (“not taken: two items answered”), and, for a source asked when this page was built, when: the figures are as the source held them that day; a source read from a file (Kew's World Checklist, a GBIF download) says "as of" the file's day instead; a row carried from an earlier build of the page names that build instead. Only “nothing to report” is ever shown as an absence. Records came from 13 datasets via GBIF.org; each carries its own licence.

Cultifolio

Opening your plants…