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Mirabilis tenuiloba; photograph (c) Sue Carnahan, some rights reserved (CC BY) CC BY(c) Sue Carnahan, some rights reserved (CC BY) · observed growing wild · 2026-01-03

Mirabilis tenuiloba S.Watson

Longlobe four o'clock; Slender-lobed four o'clock

Nyctaginaceae · Arizona, California +1

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Mirabilis tenuiloba, photograph author not stated, no rights reservedMirabilis tenuiloba, photograph author not stated, no rights reservedMirabilis tenuiloba, photograph author not stated, no rights reservedMirabilis tenuiloba, photograph author not stated, no rights reservedMirabilis tenuiloba, photograph author not stated, no rights reservedMirabilis tenuiloba, photograph author not stated, no rights reserved 77 photographs ›
Habitat figures
Cold floor (1 night in 100)
3.8°C
Record low 0.0 °C in 44 years, at a typical spot in the range NASA POWER
Warmest month, mean daily high
36°C
Jul and Aug at the habitat CHELSA
Rain a year (median across the range)
163mm
1 month of 25 mm or more in the median year CHELSA
Open-sky light
21–54DLI
Lowest to highest month (DLI) CHELSA
The year in your months, northern hemisphere
  1. Jan
  2. Feb
  3. Mar
  4. Apr
  5. May
  6. Jun
  7. Jul
  8. Aug
  9. Sep
  10. Oct
  11. Nov
  12. Dec
Wet winters: the rain comes December to March and August to September, read as a winter growing season. rain rule, CHELSA
Northern hemisphere unless you set your site. The chart is in the habitat's months.

Summary

Mirabilis tenuiloba common names longlobe four o'clock or maravilla, is a plant species native to the south-western United States and north-eastern Mexico. It has been reported from Baja California, Baja California Sur, southern California (Riverside, San Bernardino, San Diego and Imperial Counties) and Arizona (Pima and Yuma Counties).

Quoted from Wikipedia, "Mirabilis tenuiloba", CC BY-SA 4.0.

Cultivation

Seasons

The rain rule reads a winter growing season: 70% of the median year's rain (112 mm of 146 mm) falls in December to March and August to September, cooler than the year (wet-season mean 19.4 °C against a yearly mean of 21.3 °C). Months are the habitat's, northern hemisphere; shifted six months for a southern-hemisphere collection: February to March and June to September.

Rain

146 mm in the median year at the habitat, 112 mm of it December to March and August to September. Wettest month February at 26 mm, driest month June at 1 mm; 2 months under 5 mm. Across the grid cells of the range the year's total runs 81 mm to 291 mm, the 10th to 90th percentile of each cell's own year. The median of the cells' own yearly totals, 163 mm, is the year's rain at the top of the page; the 146 mm here is the median year's, the twelve monthly medians added, which the rain rule reads. Habitat calendar, northern hemisphere; median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA.

Light

Open sky over the habitat: 21 to 54 mol/m²/day across the year (daily light integral, median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA; the lowest 10th-percentile month across the cells is 18, the highest 90th-percentile month 55).

Warmth and air
Temperature

Coldest: the 1st-percentile night over 44 years at a typical spot in the range is 3.8 °C, the absolute minimum 0.0 °C, no frost in 44 years (NASA POWER daily minima). Warmest: the 99th-percentile day is 38.0 °C. Monthly means: the coldest month's mean nightly low 8.1 °C in December (across the grid cells of the range 4.1 °C to 15.3 °C), the warmest month's mean daily high 36.0 °C in July (median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA). Cold floor: 3.8 °C, which is the 1st-percentile night over 44 years at a typical spot in the range (NASA POWER).

Humidity

Relative humidity at the habitat: 43 to 49% across the year (monthly means, median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA). A figure about the air, saying nothing about how the plant takes water.

How this section is made

Each card states this species' habitat figures with their sources, and what two fixed rules read from them; nothing here says what the plant does, wants or tolerates. The rules · the terms.

Seasons. Read from the median year of CHELSA monthly rainfall and mean temperature across the grid cells of the range: the rain rule takes the smallest set of months carrying 70% of the rain and calls it winter when its mean is more than half a degree below the year's, summer when more than that above, and neither in between; the temperature rule, used only under 120 mm, names the cooler six months when they are at least a degree cooler than the other six. Months are shifted for the other hemisphere only where the temperature curve moves 4 °C or more and the habitat lies 10° or more from the equator. A reading of the curves, not an observation of the plant.

Rain. CHELSA monthly precipitation, median year across the grid cells of the range. The rain that falls where the species is recorded; nothing about how the plant takes water.

Light. CHELSA shortwave radiation at each envelope cell, a daily-mean flux taken to a daily total and converted at 2.07 mol of PAR per MJ. The sky over the habitat, measured; what reaches a plant under a rock, a shrub or a shade cloth is not.

Temperature. NASA POWER daily minima and maxima over 44 years at a typical spot in the range, lapse-corrected +286 m to its elevation; CHELSA monthly means, median year across the grid cells of the range. The cold floor is the 1st-percentile night named in its sentence. Not a measured survival limit for any plant in a pot.

Humidity. CHELSA relative humidity, median year across the grid cells of the range.

Climate across the habitat

Habitat months, northern hemisphere

Habitat climate of Mirabilis tenuiloba through the yearWarmest months July and August, mean daily high 36 °C; coldest month December, mean nightly low 8.1 °C; 146 mm of rain in the median year (the twelve monthly medians added). Medians across the range, from CHELSA; the extremes at the edge from NASA POWER. Habitat months, northern hemisphere.-10°0°10°20°30°40°50°frost38.0° 99th-percentile day, NASA POWER0.0° lowest night in 44 years, NASA POWER°C · day and nightcold quarter0102030405060mm rainDLI 21–54RH 43–49%JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
day night rain medians and 10th–90th percentile across 119 habitat cells, CHELSA cold quarter: the three months around the coldest month's mean nightly low extremes over 44 years at a typical spot in the range, from NASA POWER, marked at the edge, in no month DLI, mol/m²/dayRH %each on its own scale
Figures by month
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Day °C19 / 15–2020 / 17–2222 / 19–2525 / 23–2929 / 27–3334 / 30–3836 / 32–4036 / 32–4033 / 30–3728 / 25–3123 / 19–2518 / 15–20
Night °C8 / 4–159 / 5–1511 / 7–1613 / 9–1816 / 12–2120 / 16–2524 / 20–2824 / 20–2822 / 18–2717 / 13–2312 / 8–198 / 4–15
Rain mm23 / 8–5126 / 7–5820 / 4–455 / 1–172 / 0–51 / 0–27 / 4–1312 / 8–3010 / 7–469 / 7–1510 / 6–2321 / 11–44
DLI23 / 20–2729 / 26–3339 / 36–4248 / 45–4953 / 51–5354 / 52–5550 / 48–5146 / 44–4741 / 39–4233 / 31–3625 / 23–2921 / 18–25
RH %49 / 45–5549 / 45–5247 / 43–5146 / 40–5045 / 38–5143 / 37–5144 / 39–5445 / 41–5645 / 41–5746 / 42–5446 / 42–5448 / 45–55
How this section is made
Each figure is the median across the 119 grid cells on land that hold in-range records (306 records in those cells; 2 more cells hold records but no land by the elevation layer, so those records sit at sea and the cells are left out), with the 10th–90th percentile span across those cells after the slash where it differs. A dash is a month one or more of those cells has no figure for in the grid (a variable CHELSA does not carry there), so no median is taken rather than one over fewer cells. Extremes and elevation were read at a typical spot in the range, cell 1212:1312 (29.375, -114.375). Over 44 years there: absolute minimum 0.0 °C, 1st-percentile night 3.8 °C, 99th-percentile day 38.0 °C. Normals: CHELSA V2.1 1981–2010 climatology, 0.05° cells (each the mean of ~36 1 km pixels). Across the range: median and 10th–90th percentile of each month across the 119 distinct grid cells holding 306 of the 308 in-range records (2 further cells with records at sea, by the elevation layer, left out); extremes and elevation at the typical cell 1212:1312 (its coldest month's mean nightly low nearest the median across cells); its position is the cell centre. Extremes: NASA POWER (MERRA-2) daily 1981–2024, cell 29.50_-114.375, lapse-corrected +286 m at 6.5 °C/km. Elevation: ETOPO 2022, 692 m (cell mean).

Natural habitat

Native range as published by WCVP; the marker is where the records are densest and decides nothing: the climate was read across the cells of the in-range records placed well enough to read one, not at the marker.
Openly licensed records inside the range, framed on where they fall.
NativeArizona, California, Mexico Northwest · regions are the level-3 units of the World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, as Kew's World Checklist records ranges, some under historical names such as Yugoslavia or Czechoslovakia (how).
Map marker32.87, -116.236 · in the densest population, 285 records (78% of those in range)
Kew's description“subshrub or shrub” · “desert or dry shrubland” · quoted from WCVP, RBG Kew (CC BY 4.0); not derived here
Evidence usedThe map marker rests on all 367 georeferenced records inside the native range; the climate across the range on the 306 of them in the land cells it reads, of 308 placed to within 10 km; the map shows only the 112 openly licensed ones, which alone would put the marker 1 km away. 1 record outside the WCVP native range not used. 59 in-range records are placed to worse than 10 km, or with no stated accuracy (admitted only as a person's observation to three decimals), and stay on the map but off the climate.
How this section is made
The map marker: the openly licensed record nearest the middle of the densest 1° population of the 367 in-range records; it decides nothing. Records outside the native range, living specimens and records marked introduced are not used; which records count.

Photographs

Mirabilis tenuiloba, photograph 1did not loadMirabilis tenuiloba, photograph 2did not loadMirabilis tenuiloba, photograph 3did not loadMirabilis tenuiloba, photograph 4did not loadMirabilis tenuiloba, photograph 5did not loadMirabilis tenuiloba, photograph 6did not load

Photographs: author not stated, no rights reserved · CC0 (6).

Similar habitat climate The 6 nearest by mean daily high, mean nightly low and rain, month by month. How.

Cryptantha maritima Cryptantha maritima Guadalupe cryptantha Photo: CC BY, Matt BergerEuphorbia polycarpa Euphorbia polycarpa Smallseed sandmat Photo: CC BY, Abraham Sánchez RomeroChylismia cardiophylla Chylismia cardiophylla Heartleaf suncup Photo: CC BY, Matt BergerPlantago ovata Plantago ovata Blond plantain Photo: CC BY, CK2AZPerityle emoryi Perityle emoryi Asteraceae Photo: CC BY-SA, Stan ShebsBebbia juncea Bebbia juncea Chuckwalla's Delight Photo: CC BY, Matt Berger

Other Mirabilis 11 in the reference

Mirabilis albida Mirabilis albida Mountain Four-o'clock Photo: CC BY, Sam Kieschnick Mirabilis austrotexana Lonestar four o'clock Mirabilis expansa Mirabilis expansa Mauka Photo: CC BY, GREGORY ANTHONY PAUCA TANCOMirabilis jalapa Mirabilis jalapa Marvel of Peru Photo: CC BY, Ricard Busquets ReverteMirabilis laevis Mirabilis laevis Desert wishbone-bush Photo: CC BY, Kylie EtterMirabilis linearis Mirabilis linearis Narrow-leaved four-o'clock Photo: CC BY-SA, bmasintonMirabilis longiflora Mirabilis longiflora Sweet four-o'Clock Photo: CC BY, Wendy McCradyMirabilis multiflora Mirabilis multiflora Colorado Four o'Clock Photo: CC BY, Jo RobertsMirabilis nyctaginea Mirabilis nyctaginea Wild Four O'clock Photo: CC0, author not statedMirabilis violacea Mirabilis violacea Violet four o'clock Photo: CC BY, Raúl A. Ruiz M.Mirabilis viscosa Mirabilis viscosa Viscid Four o'Clock Photo: CC BY, bee_tony

Names & registers

Also known as Hesperonia polyphylla; Hesperonia tenuiloba; Mirabilis polyphylla; Mirabilis tenuiloba var. polyphylla. (GBIF Backbone)

GBIFPOWOIPNIWFOWikidataWikipediaiNaturalist

The record

Family
Nyctaginaceae
Described by
S.Watson
Native to
Arizona, California, Mexico Northwest
Wild records
367 in range · 112 open

Every figure here is derived from public data by a stated rule and names its source; nothing about this species is written for its page by a person or by AI, apart from the marked, credited quotations. How →

Where this page came from built 2026-10-22
GBIF species record gbif.species answeredasked 2026-10-22
GBIF synonyms gbif.synonyms answeredasked 2026-10-22
GBIF common names gbif.vernacular answeredasked 2026-10-22names fetched 2026-10-22
WCVP native range wcvp.distribution answeredas of 2026-06-04
GBIF occurrence records gbif.occurrences answeredas of 2026-10-21GBIF occurrence download https://doi.org/10.15468/dl.hbdw64, of 2026-10-21
Habitat climate climate answeredasked 2026-10-22
Daily extremes (NASA POWER) climate.extremes answeredasked 2026-10-22NASA POWER (MERRA-2) daily 1981–2024, cell 29.50_-114.375, lapse-corrected +286 m at 6.5 °C/km
Wikidata wikidata answeredasked 2026-10-22
Wikipedia wikipedia answeredasked 2026-10-22
iNaturalist photographs, wild inat.photos.wild answeredasked 2026-10-22from iNaturalist's open data of 2026-09-27: research-grade observations with an open-licence photograph, the 24 whose photographs iNaturalist received last (the open data holds no votes); filled 2026-10-22
iNaturalist photographs, cultivated inat.photos.cultivated not asked
GBIF media gbif.media answeredasked 2026-10-22none of the photographs on this page is credited to GBIF: those shown are other sources', and GBIF's were the same photographs or were set aside by the photograph rules
OpenAlex papers openalex not askednot yet asked for this reference; a later fill takes the papers from OpenAlex's snapshot

Every source is recorded as having answered, reported nothing, refused, failed, not been asked, or answered twice where one answer is taken (“not taken: two items answered”), and, for a source asked when this page was built, when: the figures are as the source held them that day; a source read from a file (Kew's World Checklist, a GBIF download) says "as of" the file's day instead; a row carried from an earlier build of the page names that build instead. Only “nothing to report” is ever shown as an absence. Records came from 26 datasets via GBIF.org; each carries its own licence.

Cultifolio

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