Species
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Nageia nagi (Thunb.) Kuntze

Asian bayberry, kaphal, nagi, zhu bai

Climate known 49 photographs
Add one to my plants Sow seed

Every figure on this page is derived from public data by a stated rule and says its source; nothing here is written by a person or a model, except the Wikipedia passage, which is quoted and marked as such. How it is made.

Summary

Nageia nagi, or the Asian bayberry, is a species of conifer in the family Podocarpaceae. Nageia nagi is native to China, Japan, and Taiwan.

Text from Wikipedia, “Nageia nagi”, CC BY-SA 4.0, quoted as written. Kept separate from everything derived here.

About the genus · Nageia

Nageia is a genus of conifers belonging to the podocarp family Podocarpaceae. Nageia includes 6 species of shrubs and trees, from one to 54 meters in height. A 2009 treatment of the genus recognized five species. More on Wikipedia ›

The opening of Wikipedia, “Nageia”, CC BY-SA 4.0, quoted as written.

Family
Podocarpaceae
Described by
(Thunb.) Kuntze
Native to
Hainan, China Southeast, Japan +2
Wild records
878 in range· 398 open

At a glance

Warmest month
29°C
Aug, mean day; nights 25 °C (CHELSA)
Rain
2220mm/yr
12 wet months · peak Jun 328 mm (CHELSA)
Light
17–36DLI
mol/m²/day, winter to summer, open sky (CHELSA shortwave)
In short condensed by rule from the cultivation cards · not written by a person
Rain rule: a summer growing season, April to September in the northern hemisphere (April to September at the habitat, northern). Habitat rain 2220 mm a year, wettest June at 328 mm, driest December at 54 mm (habitat calendar, northern hemisphere). Open sky over the habitat: 17 to 36 mol/m²/day. Cold floor 1.4 °C (1st-percentile habitat night, NASA POWER).
Each sentence is one card's own one-line form, written by the same rule as the card (Its year, Rain, Light, Temperature); the note cannot say what a card does not. Months are given for the northern hemisphere (set your site in Settings to change this), and the habitat's own alongside. The cards · the figures.

Also known as Agathis veitchii (Henkel & W.Hochst.) Seward & Ford; Dammara veitchii Henkel & W.Hochst.; Decussocarpus nagi (Thunb.) DeLaub.; Decussocarpus nagi (Thunb.) de Laub.; Decussocarpus nagi subsp. formosensis (Dummer) Silba and 44 more.

Cultivation

Its year Rain rule: a summer growing season, April to September in the northern hemisphere (April to September at the habitat, northern).

This species’ habitat figures, and what two fixed rules read from them.

The rain rule reads a summer growing season: 70% of the year's rain (1583 mm of 2220 mm) falls in April to September, warmer than the year (wet-season mean 24.3 °C against a yearly mean of 19.1 °C). Months are the habitat's, northern hemisphere; shifted six months for a southern-hemisphere collection: October to March.

Read from the median year of CHELSA monthly rainfall and mean temperature across the envelope cells: the rain rule takes the smallest set of months carrying 70% of the rain and calls it winter when its mean is more than half a degree below the year's, summer when more than that above, and neither in between; the temperature rule, used only under 120 mm, names the cooler six months when they are at least a degree cooler than the other six. Months are shifted for the other hemisphere only where the temperature curve gives a season to reverse. A reading of the curves, not an observation of the plant.

Rain Habitat rain 2220 mm a year, wettest June at 328 mm, driest December at 54 mm (habitat calendar, northern hemisphere).

This species’ habitat figures, with their source.

2220 mm a year at the habitat, 1583 mm of it April to September. Wettest month June at 328 mm, driest December at 54 mm. Across the envelope cells the year's total runs 1540 mm to 3513 mm (10th to 90th percentile of each cell's own year) (median year across the envelope cells, CHELSA; habitat calendar, northern hemisphere).

CHELSA monthly precipitation, median year across the envelope cells. The rain that falls where the species is recorded; nothing about how the plant takes water.

Light Open sky over the habitat: 17 to 36 mol/m²/day.

This species’ habitat figures, with their source.

Open sky over the habitat: 17 to 36 mol/m²/day across the year (daily light integral, median year across the envelope cells, CHELSA; the lowest 10th-percentile month across the cells is 14, the highest 90th-percentile month 39).

CHELSA shortwave radiation at each envelope cell, a daily-mean flux taken to a daily total and converted at 2.07 mol of PAR per MJ. The sky over the habitat, measured; what reaches a plant under a rock, a shrub or a shade cloth is not.

Warmth and air Cold floor 1.4 °C (1st-percentile habitat night, NASA POWER).

This species’ habitat figures, with their source.

Temperature

Coldest: the 1st-percentile night over 44 years at the typical cell is 1.4 °C, the absolute minimum -4.0 °C, 38 frost nights in 44 years (NASA POWER daily minima). Warmest: the 99th-percentile day is 30.6 °C. Monthly means: coldest night 6.2 °C in January (across the envelope cells 0.4 °C to 15.3 °C), warmest day 28.8 °C in August (median year across the envelope cells, CHELSA). Cold floor: 1.4 °C, which is the 1st-percentile night over 44 years at the typical cell (NASA POWER).

NASA POWER daily minima and maxima 1981–2024 at the typical cell, lapse-corrected to its elevation; CHELSA monthly means, median year across the envelope cells, CHELSA. The cold floor is the figure named in its sentence. Not a measured survival limit for any plant in a pot.

Humidity

Relative humidity at the habitat: 59 to 67% across the year (monthly means, median year across the envelope cells, CHELSA). A figure about the air, saying nothing about how the plant takes water.

CHELSA relative humidity, median year across the envelope cells.

The figures the cards read from are in Climate below, and where they came from in Natural habitat.

Climate across the habitat

Habitat climate through the yearMean day from 13 °C in Jan to 29 °C in Aug; mean night from 6 °C in Jan to 25 °C in Aug. The cold quarter, Dec to Feb, is the three months around the coldest night. 2220 mm of rain a year, most in Jun. The bands show the 10th to 90th percentile across 345 habitat cells. Over 44 years at the typical cell the absolute minimum was -4.0 °C and the 99th-percentile day 30.6 °C; neither is dated to a month. Beneath: daily light integral and relative humidity through the year, each on its own scale.-10°10°20°30°40°frost30.6° 99th-percentile day (undated)-4.0° lowest night in 44 yrs (undated)°C · day and nightcold quarter0100200300400500mm rainDLI 17–36RH 59–67 %JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
day night rain 10th–90th percentile across 345 habitat cells cold quarter: the three months around the coldest night extremes over 44 years at the typical cell, marked at the edge: undated DLI, mol/m²/dayRH %each on its own scale
Figures by month
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Day °C13 / 8–1914 / 9–2017 / 12–2222 / 17–2525 / 20–2727 / 23–2929 / 26–3229 / 27–3227 / 25–2924 / 20–2720 / 15–2415 / 10–20
Night °C6 / 0–158 / 1–1610 / 4–1815 / 9–2119 / 14–2422 / 18–2624 / 21–2725 / 22–2622 / 19–2518 / 14–2313 / 8–208 / 2–17
Rain mm71 / 32–201109 / 48–215166 / 68–238193 / 103–261259 / 156–353328 / 206–490257 / 158–434275 / 145–449271 / 105–476146 / 62–32091 / 46–25054 / 32–188
DLI17 / 14–2220 / 16–2425 / 19–2931 / 24–3433 / 27–3632 / 28–3536 / 31–3934 / 31–3729 / 26–3324 / 21–3019 / 16–2517 / 15–22
RH %60 / 55–6562 / 55–6763 / 56–6864 / 58–6964 / 61–6967 / 64–7167 / 63–7167 / 63–7165 / 61–6961 / 58–6660 / 57–6559 / 55–64

Each figure is the median across the 345 grid cells holding the 480 in-range records, with the 10th–90th percentile span across those cells after the slash where it differs. Extremes and elevation were read at the typical cell 1133:6282 (33.325, 134.125). Over 44 years there: absolute minimum -4.0 °C, 1st-percentile night 1.4 °C, 99th-percentile day 30.6 °C. Normals: CHELSA V2.1 1981–2010 climatology, 0.05° cells (each the mean of ~36 1 km pixels). Envelope: median and 10th–90th percentile of each month across the 345 distinct grid cells holding the 480 in-range records; extremes and elevation at the typical cell 1133:6282 (its coldest month's mean night nearest the median across cells); its position is the cell centre. Extremes: NASA POWER (MERRA-2) daily 1981–2024, cell 33.50_134.375, lapse-corrected +90 m at 6.5 °C/km. Elevation: ETOPO 2022, 182 m (cell mean).

Natural habitat

Native range as published by WCVP; the marker is where the records are densest and decides nothing: the climate was read across every in-range record's cell, not at the marker.
Openly licensed records inside the range, framed on where they fall.
NativeHainan, China Southeast, Japan, Nansei-shoto, Taiwan· introduced: Korea
Kew's description“tree” · “subtropical”· quoted from WCVP, RBG Kew (CC BY 4.0); not derived here
Map marker24.946, 121.474 · in the densest population, 451 records (51% of those in range)
Evidence usedThe map marker and the climate envelope rest on all 878 georeferenced records inside the native range; the map shows only the 398 openly licensed ones, which alone would put the marker 6 km away. 57 records outside the range (gardens, roadsides, misidentifications) ignored. 398 in-range records are placed to worse than 10 km and stay on the map but off the climate.
The map markerthe map marker: the openly licensed record nearest the middle of the densest 1° population of the 878 in-range records; it decides nothing.

Photographs

Nageia nagiNageia nagiNageia nagiNageia nagiNageia nagiNageia nagiNageia nagiNageia nagi

Photographs: (c) Jason, some rights reserved (CC BY); (c) 如此甚好, some rights reserved (CC BY); (c) chiuluan, some rights reserved (CC BY) (5); no rights reserved · CC0.

Photographs: iNaturalist did not answer when this page was built; what is shown came from the sources that did.

Papers naming this species

Works whose title or abstract names Nageia nagi, most cited first, from OpenAlex (CC0). A mention, not a cultivation source: nothing on this page is drawn from them.

The Complete Chloroplast Genome Sequence of Podocarpus lambertii: Genome Structure, Evolutionary Aspects, Gene Content and SSR Detection
Leila do Nascimento Vieira, Helisson Faoro, Marcelo Rogalski, Hugo Pacheco de Freitas Fraga (2014) · PLoS ONE
Biochar rate-dependent regulation of extended nitrogen supply by modifying stable aggregates-N and microbial responses
Muhammed Mustapha Ibrahim, Zhaofeng Chang, Zhimin Li, Jerry Joseph (2023) · Carbon Research
Underdeveloped embryos and kinds of dormancy in seeds of two gymnosperms: Podocarpus costalis and Nageia nagi (Podocarpaceae)
Shun‐Ying Chen, Carol C. Baskin, Jerry M. Baskin, Ching‐Te Chien (2013) · Seed Science Research
Ethnobotanical documentation, codification, and community-led management of medicinal plant diversity in the Khasi Hills region of Meghalaya, India
Neeta Pathaw, Evanylla Kharlyngdoh, Shweta Rai, Tonjam Bidyasana Chanu (2026) · Trees Forests and People
First Report of Leaf Spot Caused by Colletotrichum siamense on Nageia nagi in China
Ming Xu, Yang Zhou, Ruoling Zhang, Yong-Chun Zeng (2022) · Plant Disease
The complete chloroplast genome of Nageia fleuryi (Hickel) de Laub. (Podocarpaceae)
Xuelian Yang, Yan Li, Xia Wang, Yongfei Wu (2022) · Mitochondrial DNA Part B
Lifespan and morphological traits of absorptive fine roots across six typical tree species in subtropical China
Yi-Dan WANG, Liang Li, Qijing Liu, Zeqing Ma (2021) · Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology
Occurrence Download
GBIF.Org User (2021) · Global Biodiversity Information Facility

Similar habitat climate the 6 species whose habitat climate is nearest this one's: mean day and night, month by month, and rain on a log scale, in calendar order, so a habitat with the same seasons six months out is far, not near. Nothing else counts: not range, not family.

History & registers

Where this page came from built 2026-09-20 · dossier v2 · node
gbif.species answeredcarried from build of 2026-09-19 (offline re-derivation; the backbone was not asked)
gbif.synonyms answeredcarried from build of 2026-09-19 (offline re-derivation; the backbone was not asked)
gbif.vernacular answeredcarried from build of 2026-09-19 (offline re-derivation; the backbone was not asked)
wcvp.distribution answered
gbif.occurrences answeredGBIF occurrence download https://doi.org/10.15468/dl.3h4zam
climate answered
wikidata answeredcarried from build of 2026-09-19 (rederive); that build: carried from build of 2026-09-19 (rederive)
wikipedia answeredcarried from build of 2026-09-19; this build: skipped
inat.taxon not asked
inat.photos.wild answeredcarried from build of 2026-09-19; this build: skipped
inat.photos.cultivated nothing to reportcarried from build of 2026-09-19 (rederive); that build: carried from build of 2026-09-19 (rederive)
commons nothing to reportcarried from build of 2026-09-19 (rederive); that build: carried from build of 2026-09-19 (rederive)
gbif.media answered
openalex answeredcarried from build of 2026-09-19; this build: skipped

Every upstream is recorded as having answered, reported nothing, or refused. Only “nothing to report” is ever shown as an absence. Records came from 79 datasets via GBIF.org; each carries its own licence.