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Opuntia triacanthos; photograph Michael Bakker Paiva, CC BY, iNaturalist via GBIF CC BYMichael Bakker Paiva, CC BY, iNaturalist via GBIF

Opuntia triacanthos (Willd.) Sweet

Big Pine Key Prickly-pear; Jumping Pprickly Apple; Spanish Lady

Cactaceae · Leeward Is. AB Ant, Puerto Rico +1 · listed by its genus as a cactus or succulent

No habitat climate
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Opuntia triacanthos, photograph Michael Bakker Paiva, CC BY, iNaturalist via GBIFOpuntia triacanthos, photograph Michael Bakker Paiva, CC BY, iNaturalist via GBIFOpuntia triacanthos, photograph Michael Bakker Paiva, CC BY, iNaturalist via GBIFOpuntia triacanthos, photograph Michael Bakker Paiva, CC BY, iNaturalist via GBIFOpuntia triacanthos, photograph Alexandra Arnold, CC0, iNaturalist via GBIFOpuntia triacanthos, photograph Michael Bakker Paiva, CC BY, iNaturalist via GBIF 18 photographs ›

Summary

Opuntia triacantha is a species of cactus known by the common names Spanish lady, Keys Joe-jumper, Big Pine Key prickly-pear, and jumping prickly apple.

Quoted from Wikipedia, "Opuntia triacantha", CC BY-SA 4.0.

About the genus · Opuntia

Opuntia, commonly called the prickly pear cactus, is a genus of flowering plants in the cactus family Cactaceae, many known for their flavorful fruit and showy flowers. Between 8,000 and 9,000 years ago, the Opuntia prickly pear cactus was domesticated in central Mexico. Cacti are native to the Americas, and are well adapted to arid climates; however, they are still vulnerable to alterations in precipitation and temperature driven by climate change. More on Wikipedia ›

Quoted from Wikipedia, "Opuntia", CC BY-SA 4.0.

Cultivation

Grouped as a cactus or succulent, listed under the genus Opuntia in the archetype table, and Kew describes it as “succulent shrub”.

Nothing derived: no habitat climate for this species.
How this section is made

Each card states this species' habitat figures with their sources, and what two fixed rules read from them; nothing here says what the plant does, wants or tolerates. The rules · the terms.

Group. Listed under the genus Opuntia in the archetype table, and Kew describes it as “succulent shrub”. A group is taken only where Kew's description of the species agrees with the table's listing. The table gives no figure and no prose; the cold floor is the habitat's alone.

Climate across the habitat

No habitat climate can be derived: Only 1 distinct land cell of the climate grid holds an in-range record placed to within 10 km; three are needed for an envelope. 104 of the 105 in-range records are placed to worse than 10 km, or to no stated accuracy and fewer than three decimals or by something other than a person's observation, and cannot place a climate cell, though they count for the map and its marker.

Natural habitat

Native range as published by WCVP; the marker is where the records are densest and decides nothing.
Openly licensed records inside the range, framed on where they fall.
NativeLeeward Is. AB Ant, Puerto Rico, Windward Is. · regions are the level-3 units of the World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, as Kew's World Checklist records ranges, some under historical names such as Yugoslavia or Czechoslovakia (how).
Map marker18.136, -63.116 · in the densest population, 86 records (82% of those in range)
Kew's description“succulent shrub” · “seasonally dry tropical” · quoted from WCVP, RBG Kew (CC BY 4.0); not derived here
Evidence usedThe map marker rests on all 105 georeferenced records inside the native range; the map shows only the 28 openly licensed ones, which alone would put the marker 45 km away. 21 records outside the WCVP native range not used. No climate across the range is derived for this species. 104 in-range records are placed to worse than 10 km, or with no stated accuracy (admitted only as a person's observation to three decimals), and stay on the map but off the climate.
How this section is made
The map marker: the openly licensed record nearest the middle of the densest 1° population of the 105 in-range records; it decides nothing. Records outside the native range, living specimens and records marked introduced are not used; which records count.

Photographs

Opuntia triacanthos, photograph 1did not loadOpuntia triacanthos, photograph 2did not loadOpuntia triacanthos, photograph 3did not loadOpuntia triacanthos, photograph 4did not loadOpuntia triacanthos, photograph 5did not loadOpuntia triacanthos, photograph 6did not load

Photographs: Michael Bakker Paiva, CC BY, iNaturalist via GBIF (5); Alexandra Arnold, CC0, iNaturalist via GBIF.

Other Opuntia 93 in the reference

Opuntia aciculata Opuntia aciculata Chenille prickly-pear Photo: CC BY-SA, Juan Cruzado CortésOpuntia × aequatorialis Opuntia × aequatorialis Ecuadorian Pricklypear Photo: CC BY, Jacob SaucierOpuntia × alta Opuntia × alta Texas Plains Pricklypear Photo: CC BY-SA, Turner BrockmanOpuntia anahuacensis Opuntia anahuacensis Cactaceae Photo: CC BY, Jamie KingscottOpuntia arechavaletae Opuntia arechavaletae Cactaceae Photo: CC BY, Diogo LuizOpuntia arenaria Opuntia arenaria Cactaceae Photo: CC BY-SA, user:sadambioOpuntia atrispina Opuntia atrispina Border Prickly-pear Photo: CC BY-SA, Turner BrockmanOpuntia auberi Opuntia auberi Cactaceae Photo: CC BY, WildLife MxOpuntia aurantiaca Opuntia aurantiaca Jointed pricklypear Photo: CC BY, Corey O'BrienOpuntia aurea Opuntia aurea Golden Prickly-pear Photo: CC BY, Andrew DudleyOpuntia aureispina Opuntia aureispina Golden-spined prickly-pear Photo: CC0, Robert CreechOpuntia austrina Opuntia austrina Devil's-Tongue Photo: CC0, author not stated all 94 ›

Names & registers

Also known as Cactus triacanthos; Opuntia austrina subsp. abjecta. (GBIF Backbone)

Kew accepts as species of their own Opuntia abjecta: older names in GBIF's record of this species that Kew's World Checklist accepts as other species. (WCVP, RBG Kew, file of 2026-06-04)

GBIFPOWOIPNIWFOWikidataWikipediaiNaturalist

The record

Family
Cactaceae
Described by
(Willd.) Sweet
Native to
Leeward Is. AB Ant, Puerto Rico, Windward Is.
Wild records
105 in range · 28 open

Every figure here is derived from public data by a stated rule and names its source; nothing about this species is written for its page by a person or by AI, apart from the marked, credited quotations. How →

Where this page came from built 2026-10-22
GBIF species record gbif.species answeredasked 2026-10-22
GBIF synonyms gbif.synonyms answeredasked 2026-10-22
GBIF common names gbif.vernacular answeredasked 2026-10-22names fetched 2026-10-22
WCVP native range wcvp.distribution answeredas of 2026-06-04
GBIF occurrence records gbif.occurrences answeredas of 2026-10-21GBIF occurrence download https://doi.org/10.15468/dl.hbdw64, of 2026-10-21; 1 record within 1 km of a botanic garden, herbarium or zoo left out (1 at a zoo; Wikidata's list)
Habitat climate climate nothing to reportasked 2026-10-22only 1 distinct land cell of the climate grid holds an in-range record placed to within 10 km; three are needed for an envelope
Wikidata wikidata answeredasked 2026-10-22
Wikipedia wikipedia answeredasked 2026-10-22
iNaturalist photographs, wild inat.photos.wild nothing to reportasked 2026-10-22from iNaturalist's open data of 2026-09-27: research-grade observations with an open-licence photograph, the 24 whose photographs iNaturalist received last (the open data holds no votes); filled 2026-10-22
iNaturalist photographs, cultivated inat.photos.cultivated not asked
GBIF media gbif.media answeredasked 2026-10-22
OpenAlex papers openalex not askednot yet asked for this reference; a later fill takes the papers from OpenAlex's snapshot

Every source is recorded as having answered, reported nothing, refused, failed, not been asked, or answered twice where one answer is taken (“not taken: two items answered”), and, for a source asked when this page was built, when: the figures are as the source held them that day; a source read from a file (Kew's World Checklist, a GBIF download) says "as of" the file's day instead; a row carried from an earlier build of the page names that build instead. Only “nothing to report” is ever shown as an absence. Records came from 4 datasets via GBIF.org; each carries its own licence.

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