Example ⟳ +
An example collection, so you can see what this page does. Nothing added here is kept: leaving deletes it.
Philodendron eximium; photograph Paulo Mascaretti, CC0, iNaturalist via GBIF CC0Paulo Mascaretti, CC0, iNaturalist via GBIF

Philodendron eximium Schott

Araceae · Brazil Northeast, Brazil Southeast · listed by its genus as a tropical foliage plant

Add one to my plants
Sow seed
Philodendron eximium, photograph Paulo Mascaretti, CC0, iNaturalist via GBIFPhilodendron eximium, photograph Nicolás Lavandero, CC BY, iNaturalist via GBIFPhilodendron eximium, photograph Nicolás Lavandero, CC BY, iNaturalist via GBIFPhilodendron eximium, photograph Nicolás Lavandero, CC BY, iNaturalist via GBIFPhilodendron eximium, photograph Celso Henrique Varela Rios, CC BY, iNaturalist via GBIFPhilodendron eximium, photograph Celso Henrique Varela Rios, CC BY, iNaturalist via GBIF 24 photographs ›
Habitat figures
Cold floor (1 night in 100)
10.6°C
Record low 4.6 °C in 44 years, at a typical spot in the range NASA POWER
Warmest month, mean daily high
27°C
Jan and Feb at the habitat CHELSA
Rain a year (median across the range)
1,972mm
12 months of 25 mm or more in the median year CHELSA
Open-sky light
21–37DLI
Lowest to highest month (DLI) CHELSA
The year in your months, northern hemisphere
  1. Jan
  2. Feb
  3. Mar
  4. Apr
  5. May
  6. Jun
  7. Jul
  8. Aug
  9. Sep
  10. Oct
  11. Nov
  12. Dec
Wet summers: the rain comes April to October (October to April at the habitat), read as a summer growing season. rain rule, CHELSA
Northern hemisphere unless you set your site. The chart is in the habitat's months.

Summary

Philodendron eximium is a flowering plant belonging to the genus Philodendron. It was first described by Heinrich Wilhelm Schott.

Quoted from Wikipedia, "Philodendron eximium", CC BY-SA 4.0.

About the genus · Philodendron

Philodendron is a large genus of flowering plants in the family Araceae. As of September 2025, the Plants of the World Online accepted 625 species; other sources accept different numbers. Regardless of number of species, the genus is the second-largest member of the family Araceae, after genus Anthurium. More on Wikipedia ›

Quoted from Wikipedia, "Philodendron", CC BY-SA 4.0.

Cultivation

Grouped as a tropical foliage plant, listed under the genus Philodendron in the archetype table, and Kew describes it as “climber”, “seasonally dry tropical”.

Seasons

The rain rule reads a summer growing season: 70% of the median year's rain (1,516 mm of 1,978 mm) falls in October to April, warmer than the year (wet-season mean 23.1 °C against a yearly mean of 21.3 °C). Months are the habitat's, southern hemisphere; shifted six months for a northern-hemisphere collection: April to October.

Rain

1,978 mm in the median year at the habitat, 1,516 mm of it October to April. Wettest month January at 310 mm, driest month August at 63 mm. Across the grid cells of the range the year's total runs 1,439 mm to 2,495 mm, the 10th to 90th percentile of each cell's own year. The median of the cells' own yearly totals, 1,972 mm, is the year's rain at the top of the page; the 1,978 mm here is the median year's, the twelve monthly medians added, which the rain rule reads. Habitat calendar, southern hemisphere; median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA.

Light

Open sky over the habitat: 21 to 37 mol/m²/day across the year (daily light integral, median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA; the lowest 10th-percentile month across the cells is 18, the highest 90th-percentile month 39).

Warmth and air
Temperature

Coldest: the 1st-percentile night over 44 years at a typical spot in the range is 10.6 °C, the absolute minimum 4.6 °C, no frost in 44 years (NASA POWER daily minima). Warmest: the 99th-percentile day is 35.6 °C. Monthly means: the coldest month's mean nightly low 13.5 °C in July (across the grid cells of the range 11.5 °C to 16.9 °C), the warmest month's mean daily high 27.4 °C in February (median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA). Cold floor: 10.6 °C, which is the 1st-percentile night over 44 years at a typical spot in the range (NASA POWER).

Humidity

Relative humidity at the habitat: 63 to 68% across the year (monthly means, median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA). A figure about the air, saying nothing about how the plant takes water.

How this section is made

Each card states this species' habitat figures with their sources, and what two fixed rules read from them; nothing here says what the plant does, wants or tolerates. The rules · the terms.

Seasons. Read from the median year of CHELSA monthly rainfall and mean temperature across the grid cells of the range: the rain rule takes the smallest set of months carrying 70% of the rain and calls it winter when its mean is more than half a degree below the year's, summer when more than that above, and neither in between; the temperature rule, used only under 120 mm, names the cooler six months when they are at least a degree cooler than the other six. Months are shifted for the other hemisphere only where the temperature curve moves 4 °C or more and the habitat lies 10° or more from the equator. A reading of the curves, not an observation of the plant.

Rain. CHELSA monthly precipitation, median year across the grid cells of the range. The rain that falls where the species is recorded; nothing about how the plant takes water.

Light. CHELSA shortwave radiation at each envelope cell, a daily-mean flux taken to a daily total and converted at 2.07 mol of PAR per MJ. The sky over the habitat, measured; what reaches a plant under a rock, a shrub or a shade cloth is not.

Temperature. NASA POWER daily minima and maxima over 44 years at a typical spot in the range, lapse-corrected -44 m to its elevation; CHELSA monthly means, median year across the grid cells of the range. The cold floor is the 1st-percentile night named in its sentence. Not a measured survival limit for any plant in a pot.

Humidity. CHELSA relative humidity, median year across the grid cells of the range.

Group. Listed under the genus Philodendron in the archetype table, and Kew describes it as “climber”, “seasonally dry tropical”. A group is taken only where Kew's description of the species agrees with the table's listing. The table gives no figure and no prose; the cold floor is the habitat's alone.

Climate across the habitat

Habitat months, southern hemisphere

Habitat climate of Philodendron eximium through the yearWarmest months January and February, mean daily high 27 °C; coldest month July, mean nightly low 13.5 °C; 1,978 mm of rain in the median year (the twelve monthly medians added). Medians across the range, from CHELSA; the extremes at the edge from NASA POWER. Habitat months, southern hemisphere.0°10°20°30°40°35.6° 99th-percentile day, NASA POWER4.6° lowest night in 44 years, NASA POWER°C · day and nightcold quarter0100200300400mm rainDLI 21–37RH 63–68%JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
day night rain medians and 10th–90th percentile across 30 habitat cells, CHELSA cold quarter: the three months around the coldest month's mean nightly low extremes over 44 years at a typical spot in the range, from NASA POWER, marked at the edge, in no month DLI, mol/m²/dayRH %each on its own scale
Figures by month
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Day °C27 / 26–2927 / 26–2926 / 25–2825 / 23–2723 / 21–2522 / 20–2421 / 20–2422 / 21–2523 / 21–2524 / 23–2625 / 24–2726 / 24–28
Night °C21 / 18–2421 / 18–2420 / 18–2318 / 16–2216 / 14–1914 / 12–1814 / 12–1714 / 12–1716 / 14–1817 / 15–2019 / 16–2120 / 17–22
Rain mm310 / 235–387247 / 165–331235 / 168–325143 / 113–208105 / 68–16077 / 50–11587 / 42–12363 / 35–84130 / 78–169154 / 108–181180 / 143–235247 / 202–347
DLI36 / 33–3837 / 33–3931 / 29–3328 / 25–2922 / 20–2421 / 18–2321 / 19–2426 / 23–2927 / 25–3031 / 29–3435 / 32–3835 / 33–38
RH %68 / 64–7068 / 64–7068 / 65–7167 / 64–6966 / 64–6864 / 62–6763 / 62–6764 / 61–6866 / 62–6867 / 63–7068 / 64–7068 / 64–70
How this section is made
Each figure is the median across the 30 grid cells holding the 44 in-range records, with the 10th–90th percentile span across those cells after the slash where it differs. A dash is a month one or more of those cells has no figure for in the grid (a variable CHELSA does not carry there), so no median is taken rather than one over fewer cells. Extremes and elevation were read at a typical spot in the range, cell 2287:2646 (-24.375, -47.675). Over 44 years there: absolute minimum 4.6 °C, 1st-percentile night 10.6 °C, 99th-percentile day 35.6 °C. Normals: CHELSA V2.1 1981–2010 climatology, 0.05° cells (each the mean of ~36 1 km pixels). Across the range: median and 10th–90th percentile of each month across the 30 distinct grid cells holding 44 of the 44 in-range records; extremes and elevation at the typical cell 2287:2646 (its coldest month's mean nightly low nearest the median across cells); its position is the cell centre. Extremes: NASA POWER (MERRA-2) daily 1981–2024, cell -24.50_-47.500, lapse-corrected -44 m at 6.5 °C/km. Elevation: ETOPO 2022, 50 m (cell mean).

Natural habitat

Native range as published by WCVP; the marker is where the records are densest and decides nothing: the climate was read across the cells of the in-range records placed well enough to read one, not at the marker.
Openly licensed records inside the range, framed on where they fall.
NativeBrazil Northeast, Brazil Southeast · regions are the level-3 units of the World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, as Kew's World Checklist records ranges, some under historical names such as Yugoslavia or Czechoslovakia (how).
Map marker-24.034, -47.577 · in the densest population, 44 records (79% of those in range)
Kew's description“climber” · “seasonally dry tropical” · quoted from WCVP, RBG Kew (CC BY 4.0); not derived here
Evidence usedThe map marker rests on all 56 georeferenced records inside the native range; the climate across the range on the 44 of them placed to within 10 km; the map shows only the 24 openly licensed ones, which alone would put the marker 551 km away. 1 record outside the WCVP native range not used. 12 in-range records are placed to worse than 10 km, or with no stated accuracy (admitted only as a person's observation to three decimals), and stay on the map but off the climate.
How this section is made
The map marker: the openly licensed record nearest the middle of the densest 1° population inside the densest 2° block of the 56 in-range records; it decides nothing. Records outside the native range, living specimens and records marked introduced are not used; which records count.

Photographs

Philodendron eximium, photograph 1did not loadPhilodendron eximium, photograph 2did not loadPhilodendron eximium, photograph 3did not loadPhilodendron eximium, photograph 4did not loadPhilodendron eximium, photograph 5did not loadPhilodendron eximium, photograph 6did not load

Photographs: Paulo Mascaretti, CC0, iNaturalist via GBIF; Nicolás Lavandero, CC BY, iNaturalist via GBIF (3); Celso Henrique Varela Rios, CC BY, iNaturalist via GBIF (2).

Similar habitat climate The 6 nearest by mean daily high, mean nightly low and rain, month by month. How.

Rhipsalis elliptica Rhipsalis elliptica Cactaceae Photo: CC BY, Yoannis Domínguez Begonia lanceolata Begoniaceae Urera nitida Urera nitida Urticaceae Photo: CC BY-SA, Nicollas MichelsPhilodendron glaziovii Philodendron glaziovii Araceae Photo: CC BY, Celso Henrique Varela RiosPeperomia urocarpa Peperomia urocarpa Brazilian peperomia Photo: CC BY, avocatGoeppertia zebrina Goeppertia zebrina Zebra-plant Photo: CC0, author not stated

Other Philodendron 93 in the reference

Philodendron angustisectum Philodendron angustisectum Araceae Photo: CC BY, Daniel MesaPhilodendron anisotomum Philodendron anisotomum Araceae Photo: CC BY-SA, YuPhilodendron appendiculatum Philodendron appendiculatum Araceae Photo: CC BY-SA, UNA EcoturismoPhilodendron atabapoense Philodendron atabapoense Araceae Photo: CC0, author not statedPhilodendron auriculatum Philodendron auriculatum Araceae Photo: CC BY, Fabrício Mil Homens RiellaPhilodendron barrosoanum Philodendron barrosoanum Araceae Photo: CC0, author not statedPhilodendron billietiae Philodendron billietiae Araceae Photo: CC BY, fmunozPhilodendron bipennifolium Philodendron bipennifolium Fiddle-leaf philodendron Photo: CC0, author not statedPhilodendron bipinnatifidum Philodendron bipinnatifidum Araceae Photo: CC BY, Paulo C. O. CunhaPhilodendron brandtianum Philodendron brandtianum Silver Leaf Philodendron Photo: CC BY, Yuri Sofronov Philodendron brasiliense Araceae Philodendron burle-marxii Philodendron burle-marxii Araceae Photo: CC BY-SA, David J. Stang all 94 ›

Names & registers

Also known as Arum amphibium; Philodendron amphibium; Philodendron cardiophyllum; Philodendron eximium var. cardiophyllum; Philodendron sauerianum. (GBIF Backbone)

GBIFPOWOIPNIWFOWikidataWikipedia

The record

Family
Araceae
Described by
Schott
Native to
Brazil Northeast, Brazil Southeast
Wild records
56 in range · 24 open

Every figure here is derived from public data by a stated rule and names its source; nothing about this species is written for its page by a person or by AI, apart from the marked, credited quotations. How →

Where this page came from built 2026-10-22
GBIF species record gbif.species answeredasked 2026-10-22
GBIF synonyms gbif.synonyms answeredasked 2026-10-22
GBIF common names gbif.vernacular answeredasked 2026-10-22names fetched 2026-10-22
WCVP native range wcvp.distribution answeredas of 2026-06-04
GBIF occurrence records gbif.occurrences answeredas of 2026-10-21GBIF occurrence download https://doi.org/10.15468/dl.hbdw64, of 2026-10-21; 2 records within 1 km of a botanic garden, herbarium or zoo left out (2 at a botanic garden or arboretum; Wikidata's list)
Habitat climate climate answeredasked 2026-10-22
Daily extremes (NASA POWER) climate.extremes answeredasked 2026-10-22NASA POWER (MERRA-2) daily 1981–2024, cell -24.50_-47.500, lapse-corrected -44 m at 6.5 °C/km
Wikidata wikidata answeredasked 2026-10-22
Wikipedia wikipedia answeredasked 2026-10-22
iNaturalist taxon inat.taxon not asked
iNaturalist photographs, wild inat.photos.wild not asked
iNaturalist photographs, cultivated inat.photos.cultivated not asked
GBIF media gbif.media answeredasked 2026-10-22
OpenAlex papers openalex not askednot yet asked for this reference; a later fill takes the papers from OpenAlex's snapshot

Every source is recorded as having answered, reported nothing, refused, failed, not been asked, or answered twice where one answer is taken (“not taken: two items answered”), and, for a source asked when this page was built, when: the figures are as the source held them that day; a source read from a file (Kew's World Checklist, a GBIF download) says "as of" the file's day instead; a row carried from an earlier build of the page names that build instead. Only “nothing to report” is ever shown as an absence. Records came from 8 datasets via GBIF.org; each carries its own licence.

Cultifolio

Opening your plants…