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Photinia × fraseri; photograph Stephen James McWilliam, CC0, iNaturalist via GBIF CC0Stephen James McWilliam, CC0, iNaturalist via GBIF

Photinia × fraseri Dress

Fraser's photinia; Redtip; Chinese hawthorn

Rosaceae · China Southeast

A hybrid: P. glabra × P. serratifolia, the parents Kew's World Checklist states for it (WCVP, RBG Kew).

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Photinia × fraseri, photograph Stephen James McWilliam, CC0, iNaturalist via GBIFPhotinia × fraseri, photograph Charles Joynson, CC0, iNaturalist via GBIFPhotinia × fraseri, photograph Sam Taylor, CC BY, iNaturalist via GBIFPhotinia × fraseri, photograph Sam Taylor, CC BY, iNaturalist via GBIFPhotinia × fraseri, photograph Sam Taylor, CC BY, iNaturalist via GBIFPhotinia × fraseri, photograph Gerry van Tonder, CC BY, iNaturalist via GBIF 24 photographs ›
Habitat figuresfrom few records
Cold floor (1 night in 100)
-3.7°C
Record low -9.0 °C in 44 years, at a typical spot in the range NASA POWER
Warmest month, mean daily high
32°C
Jul at the habitat CHELSA
Rain a year (median across the range)
1,603mm
12 months of 25 mm or more in the median year CHELSA
Open-sky light
16–34DLI
Lowest to highest month (DLI) CHELSA
The year in your months, northern hemisphere
  1. Jan
  2. Feb
  3. Mar
  4. Apr
  5. May
  6. Jun
  7. Jul
  8. Aug
  9. Sep
  10. Oct
  11. Nov
  12. Dec
Wet summers: the rain comes March to September, read as a summer growing season. rain rule, CHELSA
Northern hemisphere unless you set your site. The chart is in the habitat's months.

From few records: 4 records in 4 grid cells. The records.

Summary

Photinia × fraseri, known as red tip photinia and Christmas berry, is a nothospecies in the rose family, Rosaceae. It is a hybrid between Photinia glabra and Photinia serratifolia.

Quoted from Wikipedia, "Photinia × fraseri", CC BY-SA 4.0.

About the genus · Photinia

Photinia is a genus of about 30 species of small trees and large shrubs, but the taxonomy has recently varied greatly, with the genera Heteromeles, Stranvaesia and Aronia sometimes included in Photinia.

Quoted from Wikipedia, "Photinia", CC BY-SA 4.0.

Cultivation

Seasons

The rain rule reads a summer growing season: 70% of the median year's rain (1,310 mm of 1,698 mm) falls in March to September, warmer than the year (wet-season mean 21.7 °C against a yearly mean of 16.8 °C). Months are the habitat's, northern hemisphere; shifted six months for a southern-hemisphere collection: September to March.

Rain

1,698 mm in the median year at the habitat, 1,310 mm of it March to September. Wettest month June at 250 mm, driest month December at 50 mm. Across the grid cells of the range the year's total runs 1,483 mm to 2,196 mm, the 10th to 90th percentile of each cell's own year. The median of the cells' own yearly totals, 1,603 mm, is the year's rain at the top of the page; the 1,698 mm here is the median year's, the twelve monthly medians added, which the rain rule reads. Habitat calendar, northern hemisphere; median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA.

Light

Open sky over the habitat: 16 to 34 mol/m²/day across the year (daily light integral, median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA; the lowest 10th-percentile month across the cells is 15, the highest 90th-percentile month 35).

Warmth and air
Temperature

Coldest: the 1st-percentile night over 44 years at a typical spot in the range is -3.7 °C, the absolute minimum -9.0 °C, 1,304 frost nights in 44 years, 29.6 a year (NASA POWER daily minima). Warmest: the 99th-percentile day is 36.0 °C. Monthly means: the coldest month's mean nightly low 0.3 °C in January (across the grid cells of the range -0.1 °C to 3.1 °C), the warmest month's mean daily high 32.0 °C in July (median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA). Cold floor: -3.7 °C, which is the 1st-percentile night over 44 years at a typical spot in the range (NASA POWER).

Humidity

Relative humidity at the habitat: 58 to 66% across the year (monthly means, median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA). A figure about the air, saying nothing about how the plant takes water.

How this section is made

Each card states this species' habitat figures with their sources, and what two fixed rules read from them; nothing here says what the plant does, wants or tolerates. The rules · the terms.

Seasons. Read from the median year of CHELSA monthly rainfall and mean temperature across the grid cells of the range: the rain rule takes the smallest set of months carrying 70% of the rain and calls it winter when its mean is more than half a degree below the year's, summer when more than that above, and neither in between; the temperature rule, used only under 120 mm, names the cooler six months when they are at least a degree cooler than the other six. Months are shifted for the other hemisphere only where the temperature curve moves 4 °C or more and the habitat lies 10° or more from the equator. A reading of the curves, not an observation of the plant.

Rain. CHELSA monthly precipitation, median year across the grid cells of the range. The rain that falls where the species is recorded; nothing about how the plant takes water.

Light. CHELSA shortwave radiation at each envelope cell, a daily-mean flux taken to a daily total and converted at 2.07 mol of PAR per MJ. The sky over the habitat, measured; what reaches a plant under a rock, a shrub or a shade cloth is not.

Temperature. NASA POWER daily minima and maxima over 44 years at a typical spot in the range, lapse-corrected -1 m to its elevation; CHELSA monthly means, median year across the grid cells of the range. The cold floor is the 1st-percentile night named in its sentence. Not a measured survival limit for any plant in a pot.

Humidity. CHELSA relative humidity, median year across the grid cells of the range.

Climate across the habitat

From few records: this habitat climate is read from 4 records in 4 grid cells; a page says so under 12 records or 5 cells, and shows the figures as read.

Habitat months, northern hemisphere

Habitat climate of Photinia × fraseri through the yearWarmest month July, mean daily high 32 °C; coldest month January, mean nightly low 0.3 °C; 1,698 mm of rain in the median year (the twelve monthly medians added). Medians across the range, from CHELSA; the extremes at the edge from NASA POWER. Habitat months, northern hemisphere.-10°0°10°20°30°40°frost36.0° 99th-percentile day, NASA POWER-9.0° lowest night in 44 years, NASA POWER°C · day and nightcold quarter0100200300400mm rainDLI 16–34RH 58–66%JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
day night rain medians and 10th–90th percentile across 4 habitat cells, CHELSA cold quarter: the three months around the coldest month's mean nightly low extremes over 44 years at a typical spot in the range, from NASA POWER, marked at the edge, in no month DLI, mol/m²/dayRH %each on its own scale
Figures by month
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Day °C8 / 8–1210 / 10–1414 / 14–1720 / 19–2325 / 24–2728 / 26–2932 / 30–3331 / 30–3327 / 25–2923 / 21–2517 / 16–2011 / 11–14
Night °C0 / 0–32 / 1–56 / 5–911 / 11–1517 / 15–1921 / 19–2325 / 22–2525 / 22–2521 / 18–2215 / 13–169 / 7–102 / 1–4
Rain mm81 / 67–104101 / 80–135171 / 124–239169 / 108–266195 / 122–288250 / 229–379191 / 157–222202 / 180–227132 / 113–15281 / 59–9075 / 58–9950 / 44–65
DLI17 / 15–1818 / 17–2021 / 19–2426 / 24–3029 / 27–3329 / 27–3034 / 34–3532 / 31–3326 / 25–2823 / 22–2518 / 17–2116 / 16–19
RH %60 / 58–6262 / 59–6463 / 60–6563 / 61–6563 / 62–6566 / 65–6663 / 61–6564 / 62–6563 / 62–6459 / 58–6259 / 57–6158 / 57–60
How this section is made
Each figure is the median across the 4 grid cells holding the 4 in-range records, with the 10th–90th percentile span across those cells after the slash where it differs. A dash is a month one or more of those cells has no figure for in the grid (a variable CHELSA does not carry there), so no median is taken rather than one over fewer cells. Extremes and elevation were read at a typical spot in the range, cell 1176:6028 (31.175, 121.425). Over 44 years there: absolute minimum -9.0 °C, 1st-percentile night -3.7 °C, 99th-percentile day 36.0 °C. Normals: CHELSA V2.1 1981–2010 climatology, 0.05° cells (each the mean of ~36 1 km pixels). Across the range: median and 10th–90th percentile of each month across the 4 distinct grid cells holding 4 of the 4 in-range records; extremes and elevation at the typical cell 1176:6028 (its coldest month's mean nightly low nearest the median across cells); its position is the cell centre. Extremes: NASA POWER (MERRA-2) daily 1981–2024, cell 31.00_121.250, lapse-corrected -1 m at 6.5 °C/km. Elevation: ETOPO 2022, 3 m (cell mean).

Natural habitat

Native range as published by WCVP.
No openly licensed record to show inside the range.
NativeChina Southeast · regions are the level-3 units of the World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, as Kew's World Checklist records ranges, some under historical names such as Yugoslavia or Czechoslovakia (how).
Kew's description“shrub or tree” · “temperate” · quoted from WCVP, RBG Kew (CC BY 4.0); not derived here
Evidence usedThe map marker and the climate across the range rest on all 4 georeferenced records inside the native range; none carries a licence permitting republication, so the map shows no points. 296 records outside the WCVP native range not used. Under a dozen records behind the map and the climate.

Photographs

Photinia × fraseri, photograph 1did not loadPhotinia × fraseri, photograph 2did not loadPhotinia × fraseri, photograph 3did not loadPhotinia × fraseri, photograph 4did not loadPhotinia × fraseri, photograph 5did not loadPhotinia × fraseri, photograph 6did not load

Photographs: Stephen James McWilliam, CC0, iNaturalist via GBIF; Charles Joynson, CC0, iNaturalist via GBIF; Sam Taylor, CC BY, iNaturalist via GBIF (3); Gerry van Tonder, CC BY, iNaturalist via GBIF.

Similar habitat climate The 6 nearest by mean daily high, mean nightly low and rain, month by month. How.

Delphinium anthriscifolium Delphinium anthriscifolium Ranunculaceae Photo: CC BY, mami_t_tCastanopsis sclerophylla Castanopsis sclerophylla Fagaceae Photo: CC0, author not statedAlangium kurzii Alangium kurzii Cornaceae Photo: CC BY, Adam KamalCastanea henryi Castanea henryi Henry chestnut Photo: CC BY, 王天明 Primulina xiziae Gesneriaceae Stemona japonica Stemona japonica Stemona Photo: CC BY, 王天明

Other Photinia 5 in the reference

Photinia davidiana Rosaceae Photinia glabra Photinia glabra Japanese photinia Photo: CC BY, 曾昱承 Yu-Cheng ZengPhotinia griffithii Photinia griffithii Rosaceae Photo: Public domain, DaderotPhotinia prunifolia Photinia prunifolia Rosaceae Photo: CC BY, Toby YPhotinia serratifolia Photinia serratifolia Japanese photinia Photo: CC BY, Frankie Simmons

Names & registers

GBIFPOWOIPNIWFOWikidataWikipediaiNaturalist

The record

Family
Rosaceae
Described by
Dress
Native to
China Southeast
Wild records
4 in range · 0 open

Every figure here is derived from public data by a stated rule and names its source; nothing about this species is written for its page by a person or by AI, apart from the marked, credited quotations. How →

Where this page came from built 2026-10-22
GBIF species record gbif.species answeredasked 2026-10-22
GBIF synonyms gbif.synonyms answeredasked 2026-10-22
GBIF common names gbif.vernacular answeredasked 2026-10-22names fetched 2026-10-22
WCVP native range wcvp.distribution answeredas of 2026-06-04
GBIF occurrence records gbif.occurrences answeredas of 2026-10-21GBIF occurrence download https://doi.org/10.15468/dl.hbdw64, of 2026-10-21; 18 records within 1 km of a botanic garden, herbarium or zoo left out (10 at a botanic garden or arboretum, 2 at a herbarium, 6 at a zoo; Wikidata's list)
Habitat climate climate answeredasked 2026-10-22
Daily extremes (NASA POWER) climate.extremes answeredasked 2026-10-22NASA POWER (MERRA-2) daily 1981–2024, cell 31.00_121.250, lapse-corrected -1 m at 6.5 °C/km
Wikidata wikidata answeredasked 2026-10-22
Wikipedia wikipedia answeredasked 2026-10-22
iNaturalist photographs, wild inat.photos.wild nothing to reportasked 2026-10-22from iNaturalist's open data of 2026-09-27: research-grade observations with an open-licence photograph, the 24 whose photographs iNaturalist received last (the open data holds no votes); filled 2026-10-22
iNaturalist photographs, cultivated inat.photos.cultivated not asked
GBIF media gbif.media answeredasked 2026-10-22
OpenAlex papers openalex not askednot yet asked for this reference; a later fill takes the papers from OpenAlex's snapshot

Every source is recorded as having answered, reported nothing, refused, failed, not been asked, or answered twice where one answer is taken (“not taken: two items answered”), and, for a source asked when this page was built, when: the figures are as the source held them that day; a source read from a file (Kew's World Checklist, a GBIF download) says "as of" the file's day instead; a row carried from an earlier build of the page names that build instead. Only “nothing to report” is ever shown as an absence. Records came from 27 datasets via GBIF.org; each carries its own licence.

Cultifolio

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