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Physalis heterophylla; photograph (c) Steven Lamonde, some rights reserved (CC BY) CC BY(c) Steven Lamonde, some rights reserved (CC BY) · observed growing wild · 2026-07-18

Physalis heterophylla Nees

Clammy ground-cherry; Wild Ground-cherry

Solanaceae · Saskatchewan, Ontario +35

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Physalis heterophylla, photograph author not stated, no rights reservedPhysalis heterophylla, photograph author not stated, no rights reservedPhysalis heterophylla, photograph (c) Nic Tippery, some rights reserved (CC BY)Physalis heterophylla, photograph (c) Steven Lamonde, some rights reserved (CC BY)Physalis heterophylla, photograph author not stated, no rights reservedPhysalis heterophylla, photograph (c) Dan Riley, some rights reserved (CC BY) 76 photographs ›
Habitat figures
Cold floor (1 night in 100)
-17.8°C
Record low -27.7 °C in 44 years, at a typical spot in the range NASA POWER
Warmest month, mean daily high
28°C
Jul at the habitat CHELSA
Rain a year (median across the range)
1,031mm
12 months of 25 mm or more in the median year CHELSA
Open-sky light
10–40DLI
Lowest to highest month (DLI) CHELSA
The year in your months, northern hemisphere
  1. Jan
  2. Feb
  3. Mar
  4. Apr
  5. May
  6. Jun
  7. Jul
  8. Aug
  9. Sep
  10. Oct
  11. Nov
  12. Dec
Rain spread: 70% of the median year's rain takes 8 months, so no short rainy season. rain rule, CHELSA
Northern hemisphere unless you set your site. The chart is in the habitat's months.

Summary

Physalis heterophylla, colloquial name clammy groundcherry, is species of herbaceous plant in the family Solanaceae. It is native to North America, occurring primarily in the eastern United States and Canada. It is known to occur in all contiguous states except for Nevada and California. It is found mainly in habitats such as dry or mesic prairies, gravel hills and rises, sandy or rocky soils, and waste places such as roadsides.

Quoted from Wikipedia, "Physalis heterophylla", CC BY-SA 4.0.

About the genus · Physalis

Physalis is a genus of approximately 75 to 90 flowering plants in the nightshade family (Solanaceae), which are native to the Americas and Australasia. At least 46 species are endemic to Mexico. Cultivated and weedy species have been introduced worldwide. More on Wikipedia ›

Quoted from Wikipedia, "Physalis", CC BY-SA 4.0.

Cultivation

Seasons

The rain rule reads no short rainy season: 70% of the median year's rain (767 mm of 1,050 mm) takes 8 months, April to November. Mean temperature moves 26.8 °C between the warmest and coldest month. Months are the habitat's, northern hemisphere; shifted six months for a southern-hemisphere collection: October to May.

Rain

1,050 mm in the median year at the habitat, 767 mm of it April to November. Wettest month June at 109 mm, driest month February at 64 mm. Across the grid cells of the range the year's total runs 807 mm to 1,334 mm, the 10th to 90th percentile of each cell's own year. The median of the cells' own yearly totals, 1,031 mm, is the year's rain at the top of the page; the 1,050 mm here is the median year's, the twelve monthly medians added, which the rain rule reads. Habitat calendar, northern hemisphere; median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA.

Light

Open sky over the habitat: 10 to 40 mol/m²/day across the year (daily light integral, median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA; the lowest 10th-percentile month across the cells is 8, the highest 90th-percentile month 42).

Warmth and air
Temperature

Coldest: the 1st-percentile night over 44 years at a typical spot in the range is -17.8 °C, the absolute minimum -27.7 °C, 6,472 frost nights in 44 years, 147.1 a year (NASA POWER daily minima). Warmest: the 99th-percentile day is 32.1 °C. Monthly means: the coldest month's mean nightly low -8.0 °C in January (across the grid cells of the range -13.4 °C to 0.2 °C), the warmest month's mean daily high 27.7 °C in July (median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA). Cold floor: -17.8 °C, which is the 1st-percentile night over 44 years at a typical spot in the range (NASA POWER).

Humidity

Relative humidity at the habitat: 56 to 61% across the year (monthly means, median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA). A figure about the air, saying nothing about how the plant takes water.

How this section is made

Each card states this species' habitat figures with their sources, and what two fixed rules read from them; nothing here says what the plant does, wants or tolerates. The rules · the terms.

Seasons. Read from the median year of CHELSA monthly rainfall and mean temperature across the grid cells of the range: the rain rule takes the smallest set of months carrying 70% of the rain and calls it winter when its mean is more than half a degree below the year's, summer when more than that above, and neither in between; the temperature rule, used only under 120 mm, names the cooler six months when they are at least a degree cooler than the other six. Months are shifted for the other hemisphere only where the temperature curve moves 4 °C or more and the habitat lies 10° or more from the equator. A reading of the curves, not an observation of the plant.

Rain. CHELSA monthly precipitation, median year across the grid cells of the range. The rain that falls where the species is recorded; nothing about how the plant takes water.

Light. CHELSA shortwave radiation at each envelope cell, a daily-mean flux taken to a daily total and converted at 2.07 mol of PAR per MJ. The sky over the habitat, measured; what reaches a plant under a rock, a shrub or a shade cloth is not.

Temperature. NASA POWER daily minima and maxima over 44 years at a typical spot in the range, lapse-corrected -6 m to its elevation; CHELSA monthly means, median year across the grid cells of the range. The cold floor is the 1st-percentile night named in its sentence. Not a measured survival limit for any plant in a pot.

Humidity. CHELSA relative humidity, median year across the grid cells of the range.

Climate across the habitat

Habitat months, northern hemisphere

Habitat climate of Physalis heterophylla through the yearWarmest month July, mean daily high 28 °C; coldest month January, mean nightly low -8.0 °C; 1,050 mm of rain in the median year (the twelve monthly medians added). Medians across the range, from CHELSA; the extremes at the edge from NASA POWER. Habitat months, northern hemisphere.-30°-20°-10°0°10°20°30°40°frost32.1° 99th-percentile day, NASA POWER-27.7° lowest night in 44 years, NASA POWER°C · day and nightcold quarter0255075100125150mm rainDLI 10–40RH 56–61%JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
day night rain medians and 10th–90th percentile across 1266 habitat cells, CHELSA cold quarter: the three months around the coldest month's mean nightly low extremes over 44 years at a typical spot in the range, from NASA POWER, marked at the edge, in no month DLI, mol/m²/dayRH %each on its own scale
Figures by month
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Day °C0 / -4–92 / -2–128 / 3–1615 / 11–2120 / 18–2625 / 23–3028 / 25–3227 / 24–3122 / 20–2716 / 13–229 / 5–162 / -2–10
Night °C-8 / -13–0-7 / -12–2-2 / -6–64 / 1–1010 / 8–1515 / 13–2018 / 16–2218 / 15–2214 / 11–187 / 5–122 / -2–7-5 / -10–2
Rain mm70 / 20–9764 / 21–9971 / 44–11789 / 69–116101 / 83–134109 / 84–126104 / 80–12596 / 76–11995 / 78–11587 / 63–11886 / 44–11878 / 28–116
DLI13 / 11–1719 / 17–2126 / 25–2832 / 31–3537 / 36–3940 / 38–4240 / 38–4234 / 33–3827 / 25–3119 / 17–2413 / 10–1810 / 8–15
RH %61 / 57–6559 / 56–6357 / 55–5956 / 54–5757 / 55–5958 / 56–6058 / 57–6159 / 57–6159 / 56–6158 / 56–6159 / 57–6261 / 57–64
How this section is made
Each figure is the median across the 1266 grid cells on land that hold in-range records (1446 records in those cells; 3 more cells hold records but no land by the elevation layer, so those records sit at sea and the cells are left out), with the 10th–90th percentile span across those cells after the slash where it differs. A dash is a month one or more of those cells has no figure for in the grid (a variable CHELSA does not carry there), so no median is taken rather than one over fewer cells. Extremes and elevation were read at a typical spot in the range, cell 972:2015 (41.375, -79.225). Over 44 years there: absolute minimum -27.7 °C, 1st-percentile night -17.8 °C, 99th-percentile day 32.1 °C. Normals: CHELSA V2.1 1981–2010 climatology, 0.05° cells (each the mean of ~36 1 km pixels). Across the range: median and 10th–90th percentile of each month across the 1266 distinct grid cells holding 1446 of the 1449 in-range records (3 further cells with records at sea, by the elevation layer, left out); extremes and elevation at the typical cell 972:2015 (its coldest month's mean nightly low nearest the median across cells); its position is the cell centre. Extremes: NASA POWER (MERRA-2) daily 1981–2024, cell 41.50_-79.375, lapse-corrected -6 m at 6.5 °C/km. Elevation: ETOPO 2022, 473 m (cell mean).

Natural habitat

Native range as published by WCVP; the marker is where the records are densest and decides nothing: the climate was read across the cells of the in-range records placed well enough to read one, not at the marker.
Openly licensed records inside the range, framed on where they fall.
NativeSaskatchewan, Ontario, Québec, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Wyoming, Illinois, Minnesota, Missouri, North Dakota, Nebraska, Oklahoma, South Dakota, Wisconsin, Maine, Massachusetts, Michigan, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Rhode I., Vermont, West Virginia, Texas, Alabama, Arkansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia · introduced: West Himalaya · regions are the level-3 units of the World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, as Kew's World Checklist records ranges, some under historical names such as Yugoslavia or Czechoslovakia (how).
Map marker40.634, -75.448 · in the densest population, 815 records (45% of those in range)
Kew's description“perennial or rhizomatous geophyte” · “seasonally dry tropical” · quoted from WCVP, RBG Kew (CC BY 4.0); not derived here
Evidence usedThe map marker rests on all 1809 georeferenced records inside the native range; the climate across the range on the 1446 of them in the land cells it reads, of 1449 placed to within 10 km; the map shows only the 548 openly licensed ones, which alone would put the marker 272 km away. 68 records outside the WCVP native range not used. 360 in-range records are placed to worse than 10 km, or with no stated accuracy (admitted only as a person's observation to three decimals), and stay on the map but off the climate.
How this section is made
The map marker: the openly licensed record nearest the middle of the densest 1° population inside the densest 4° block of the 1809 in-range records; it decides nothing. Records outside the native range, living specimens and records marked introduced are not used; which records count.

Photographs

Physalis heterophylla, photograph 1did not loadPhysalis heterophylla, photograph 2did not loadPhysalis heterophylla, photograph 3did not loadPhysalis heterophylla, photograph 4did not loadPhysalis heterophylla, photograph 5did not loadPhysalis heterophylla, photograph 6did not load

Photographs: author not stated, no rights reserved · CC0 (3); (c) Nic Tippery, some rights reserved (CC BY); (c) Steven Lamonde, some rights reserved (CC BY); (c) Dan Riley, some rights reserved (CC BY).

Similar habitat climate The 6 nearest by mean daily high, mean nightly low and rain, month by month. How.

Asarum canadense Asarum canadense Wild ginger Photo: CC BY, Andrew SebastianCarex rosea Carex rosea Rosy sedge Photo: CC0, author not statedGeum laciniatum Geum laciniatum Rough avens Photo: CC0, author not statedCarex sparganioides Carex sparganioides Burreed sedge Photo: CC BY, Bryan ConnollyCarex hirtifolia Carex hirtifolia Pubescent sedge Photo: CC BY, Sam TurnerCarex albursina Carex albursina White bear sedge Photo: CC BY, sofi v

Other Physalis 22 in the reference

Physalis acutifolia Physalis acutifolia Wright's ground-cherry Photo: CC BY, Sula VanderplankPhysalis angulata Physalis angulata Cut-leaf ground-cherry Photo: CC BY, Tanner ShepardPhysalis angustifolia Physalis angustifolia Coastal groundcherry Photo: CC0, author not statedPhysalis arenicola Physalis arenicola Cypresshead groundcherry Photo: CC0, author not statedPhysalis cinerascens Physalis cinerascens Smallflower groundcherry Photo: CC BY, Alexis López HernándezPhysalis cordata Physalis cordata Heartleaf groundcherry Photo: CC0, author not statedPhysalis coztomatl Physalis coztomatl Cotztomatl Photo: CC BY, Guillermo Huerta RamosPhysalis crassifolia Physalis crassifolia Yellow nightshade groundcherry Photo: CC BY, Xochitl ZambranoPhysalis grisea Physalis grisea Strawberry-tomato Photo: CC BY-SA, Lauren HPhysalis hederifolia Physalis hederifolia Ivyleaf groundcherry Photo: CC BY, Samuel Buckner Physalis ixocarpa Solanaceae Physalis longifolia Physalis longifolia Long-leaf ground-cherry Photo: CC0, author not stated all 23 ›

Names & registers

Also known as Physalis ambigua; Physalis heterophylla var. ambigua; Physalis heterophylla var. clavipes; Physalis heterophylla var. heterophylla; Physalis heterophylla var. nyctaginea and 6 more. (GBIF Backbone)

GBIFPOWOIPNIWFOWikidataWikipediaiNaturalist

The record

Family
Solanaceae
Described by
Nees
Native to
Saskatchewan, Ontario, Québec +34
Wild records
1809 in range · 548 open

Every figure here is derived from public data by a stated rule and names its source; nothing about this species is written for its page by a person or by AI, apart from the marked, credited quotations. How →

Where this page came from built 2026-10-22
GBIF species record gbif.species answeredasked 2026-10-22
GBIF synonyms gbif.synonyms answeredasked 2026-10-22
GBIF common names gbif.vernacular answeredasked 2026-10-22names fetched 2026-10-22
WCVP native range wcvp.distribution answeredas of 2026-06-04
GBIF occurrence records gbif.occurrences answeredas of 2026-10-21GBIF occurrence download https://doi.org/10.15468/dl.hbdw64, of 2026-10-21; 32 records within 1 km of a botanic garden, herbarium or zoo left out (23 at a botanic garden or arboretum, 1 at a herbarium, 8 at a zoo; Wikidata's list)
Habitat climate climate answeredasked 2026-10-22
Daily extremes (NASA POWER) climate.extremes answeredasked 2026-10-22NASA POWER (MERRA-2) daily 1981–2024, cell 41.50_-79.375, lapse-corrected -6 m at 6.5 °C/km
Wikidata wikidata answeredasked 2026-10-22
Wikipedia wikipedia answeredasked 2026-10-22
iNaturalist photographs, wild inat.photos.wild answeredasked 2026-10-22from iNaturalist's open data of 2026-09-27: research-grade observations with an open-licence photograph, the 24 whose photographs iNaturalist received last (the open data holds no votes); filled 2026-10-22
iNaturalist photographs, cultivated inat.photos.cultivated not asked
GBIF media gbif.media answeredasked 2026-10-22
OpenAlex papers openalex not askednot yet asked for this reference; a later fill takes the papers from OpenAlex's snapshot

Every source is recorded as having answered, reported nothing, refused, failed, not been asked, or answered twice where one answer is taken (“not taken: two items answered”), and, for a source asked when this page was built, when: the figures are as the source held them that day; a source read from a file (Kew's World Checklist, a GBIF download) says "as of" the file's day instead; a row carried from an earlier build of the page names that build instead. Only “nothing to report” is ever shown as an absence. Records came from 93 datasets via GBIF.org; each carries its own licence.

Cultifolio

Opening your plants…