Example ⟳ +
An example collection, so you can see what this page does. Nothing added here is kept: leaving deletes it.

Piper wallichii (Miq.) Hand.-Mazz.

Piperaceae · China South-Central, China North-Central +8

Photographs not checked iNaturalist was skipped (not asked) when this page was built. Not asked, or not answered, is not "none": nothing here claims there is none. Why the site says it this way.
Add one to my plants
Sow seed
Habitat figuresfrom few records
Coldest month, mean nightly low
2.2°C
Jan at the habitat, not a floor; extremes not used (the weather cell's ground is too far off) CHELSA
Warmest month, mean daily high
25°C
Jun, Jul and Aug at the habitat CHELSA
Rain a year (median across the range)
2,122mm
11 months of 25 mm or more in the median year CHELSA
Open-sky light
22–37DLI
Lowest to highest month (DLI) CHELSA
The year in your months, northern hemisphere
  1. Jan
  2. Feb
  3. Mar
  4. Apr
  5. May
  6. Jun
  7. Jul
  8. Aug
  9. Sep
  10. Oct
  11. Nov
  12. Dec
Wet summers: the rain comes May to September, read as a summer growing season. rain rule, CHELSA
Northern hemisphere unless you set your site. The chart is in the habitat's months.

From few records: 4 records in 4 grid cells. The records.

Cultivation

Seasons

The rain rule reads a summer growing season: 70% of the median year's rain (1,404 mm of 1,953 mm) falls in May to September, warmer than the year (wet-season mean 22.0 °C against a yearly mean of 16.5 °C). Months are the habitat's, northern hemisphere; shifted six months for a southern-hemisphere collection: November to March.

Rain

1,953 mm in the median year at the habitat, 1,404 mm of it May to September. Wettest month July at 371 mm, driest month December at 23 mm. Across the grid cells of the range the year's total runs 1,713 mm to 2,905 mm, the 10th to 90th percentile of each cell's own year. The median of the cells' own yearly totals, 2,122 mm, is the year's rain at the top of the page; the 1,953 mm here is the median year's, the twelve monthly medians added, which the rain rule reads. Habitat calendar, northern hemisphere; median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA.

Light

Open sky over the habitat: 22 to 37 mol/m²/day across the year (daily light integral, median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA; the lowest 10th-percentile month across the cells is 16, the highest 90th-percentile month 40).

Warmth and air
Temperature

Monthly means: the coldest month's mean nightly low 2.2 °C in January (across the grid cells of the range -0.2 °C to 6.8 °C), the warmest month's mean daily high 25.3 °C in June (median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA). Cold floor: none read. The nearest figure is 2.2 °C, the coldest month's mean nightly low, January, in the median year (CHELSA); a month's mean of its nightly lows is warmer than the nights a floor is read from. The daily extremes were read at a weather cell whose ground is too far above or below the typical spot to correct for, and are not used.

Humidity

Relative humidity at the habitat: 58 to 72% across the year (monthly means, median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA). A figure about the air, saying nothing about how the plant takes water.

How this section is made

Each card states this species' habitat figures with their sources, and what two fixed rules read from them; nothing here says what the plant does, wants or tolerates. The rules · the terms.

Seasons. Read from the median year of CHELSA monthly rainfall and mean temperature across the grid cells of the range: the rain rule takes the smallest set of months carrying 70% of the rain and calls it winter when its mean is more than half a degree below the year's, summer when more than that above, and neither in between; the temperature rule, used only under 120 mm, names the cooler six months when they are at least a degree cooler than the other six. Months are shifted for the other hemisphere only where the temperature curve moves 4 °C or more and the habitat lies 10° or more from the equator. A reading of the curves, not an observation of the plant.

Rain. CHELSA monthly precipitation, median year across the grid cells of the range. The rain that falls where the species is recorded; nothing about how the plant takes water.

Light. CHELSA shortwave radiation at each envelope cell, a daily-mean flux taken to a daily total and converted at 2.07 mol of PAR per MJ. The sky over the habitat, measured; what reaches a plant under a rock, a shrub or a shade cloth is not.

Temperature. CHELSA monthly means, median year across the grid cells of the range. No cold floor is read without a daily extremes series; the coldest month's mean nightly low named in its sentence is not one. Not a measured survival limit for any plant in a pot.

Humidity. CHELSA relative humidity, median year across the grid cells of the range.

Climate across the habitat

From few records: this habitat climate is read from 4 records in 4 grid cells; a page says so under 12 records or 5 cells, and shows the figures as read.

Habitat months, northern hemisphere

Habitat climate of Piper wallichii through the yearWarmest months June, July and August, mean daily high 25 °C; coldest month January, mean nightly low 2.2 °C; 1,953 mm of rain in the median year (the twelve monthly medians added). Medians across the range, from CHELSA. Habitat months, northern hemisphere.-5°0°5°10°15°20°25°30°frost°C · day and nightcold quarter0200400600800mm rainDLI 22–37RH 58–72%JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
day night rain medians and 10th–90th percentile across 4 habitat cells, CHELSA cold quarter: the three months around the coldest month's mean nightly low DLI, mol/m²/dayRH %each on its own scale
Figures by month
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Day °C14 / 8–1815 / 9–2118 / 13–2421 / 18–2723 / 21–2625 / 22–2625 / 22–2725 / 23–2724 / 22–2421 / 19–2218 / 14–2015 / 10–18
Night °C2 / 0–73 / 1–86 / 4–1110 / 8–1415 / 12–1718 / 16–1919 / 16–2119 / 16–2117 / 14–1812 / 11–148 / 6–114 / 2–8
Rain mm33 / 19–5962 / 25–85100 / 41–145132 / 71–227210 / 179–305336 / 247–483371 / 358–689295 / 224–619192 / 144–393141 / 105–15958 / 23–9523 / 19–40
DLI24 / 16–2629 / 18–3134 / 21–3637 / 26–4034 / 28–3828 / 26–3125 / 23–2827 / 24–2926 / 25–2725 / 20–2823 / 17–2522 / 16–24
RH %58 / 56–6359 / 53–6459 / 51–6460 / 54–6463 / 60–6568 / 66–7172 / 69–7471 / 67–7268 / 64–7164 / 61–6762 / 60–6360 / 58–61

The daily extremes were not used: the correction for elevation, -1788 m, is beyond the 1,000 m either way that a lapse rate is applied over, so the weather cell's ground is other terrain than the typical spot's. So no cold floor is read for this species, and the coldest month's mean nightly low is not taken as one. What that cell gave, so corrected, over 44 years: absolute minimum -6.1 °C, 1st-percentile night 3.3 °C.

How this section is made
Each figure is the median across the 4 grid cells holding the 4 in-range records, with the 10th–90th percentile span across those cells after the slash where it differs. A dash is a month one or more of those cells has no figure for in the grid (a variable CHELSA does not carry there), so no median is taken rather than one over fewer cells. Extremes and elevation were read at a typical spot in the range, cell 1234:5278 (28.275, 83.925). Normals: CHELSA V2.1 1981–2010 climatology, 0.05° cells (each the mean of ~36 1 km pixels). Across the range: median and 10th–90th percentile of each month across the 4 distinct grid cells holding 4 of the 4 in-range records; extremes and elevation at the typical cell 1234:5278 (its coldest month's mean nightly low nearest the median across cells); its position is the cell centre. Extremes: NASA POWER (MERRA-2) daily 1981–2024, cell 28.50_83.750, lapse-corrected -1788 m at 6.5 °C/km. Elevation: ETOPO 2022, 1254 m (cell mean).

Natural habitat

Native range as published by WCVP; the marker is where the records are densest and decides nothing: the climate was read across the cells of the in-range records placed well enough to read one, not at the marker.
Openly licensed records inside the range, framed on where they fall.
NativeChina South-Central, China North-Central, China Southeast, Assam, Bangladesh, East Himalaya, Nepal, Laos, Myanmar, Thailand · introduced: Sri Lanka · regions are the level-3 units of the World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, as Kew's World Checklist records ranges, some under historical names such as Yugoslavia or Czechoslovakia (how).
Map marker30.29, 109.47 · in the densest population, 109 records (70% of those in range)
Kew's description“liana” · “temperate” · quoted from WCVP, RBG Kew (CC BY 4.0); not derived here
Evidence usedThe map marker rests on all 155 georeferenced records inside the native range; the climate across the range on the 4 of them placed to within 10 km; the map shows only the 69 openly licensed ones, which alone would put the marker 21 km away. 4 records outside the WCVP native range not used. Under a dozen records behind the climate. 151 in-range records are placed to worse than 10 km, or with no stated accuracy (admitted only as a person's observation to three decimals), and stay on the map but off the climate.
How this section is made
The map marker: the openly licensed record nearest the middle of the densest 1° population inside the densest 4° block of the 155 in-range records; it decides nothing. Records outside the native range, living specimens and records marked introduced are not used; which records count.

Photographs

Not checked. iNaturalist was skipped (not asked) when this page was built; GBIF's observation records with coordinates hold none. Not a statement that none exist.

Similar habitat climate The 6 nearest by mean daily high, mean nightly low and rain, month by month. How.

Euonymus echinatus Euonymus echinatus Celastraceae Photo: CC BY, 曾昱承 Yu-Cheng ZengCoelogyne ovalis Coelogyne ovalis Orchidaceae Photo: CC BY, Ansil B.R.Osbeckia stellata Osbeckia stellata Melastomataceae Photo: CC BY, Aaron ListonCoelogyne pallida Coelogyne pallida Orchidaceae Photo: CC BY, Ashwin ACoelogyne prolifera Coelogyne prolifera Orchidaceae Photo: CC BY, Sagnik Dutta RoyGymnanthemum extensum Gymnanthemum extensum Asteraceae Photo: CC BY-SA, Xufanc

Other Piper 44 in the reference

Piper aduncum Piper aduncum Spiked pepper Photo: CC BY, Alexis López HernándezPiper amalago Piper amalago Wall Purslane Photo: CC BY, avocatPiper arboreum Piper arboreum Tree pepper Photo: CC BY, Diogo LuizPiper artanthe Piper artanthe Piperaceae Photo: CC BY, Nicolás Baresch UribePiper auritum Piper auritum Vera Cruz pepper Photo: CC BY, T R Shankar RamanPiper barbatum Piper barbatum Piperaceae Photo: CC0, author not statedPiper betle Piper betle Betel pepper Photo: CC BY, 胡正恆(Jackson Hu)Piper borbonense Piper borbonense Madagascan Wild Pepper Photo: CC BY, yellowplantPiper bredemeyeri Piper bredemeyeri Piperaceae Photo: CC BY, Arthur de Jesús Chavarría PérezPiper capense Piper capense African long pepper Photo: CC BY, Shaun SwanepoelPiper cernuum Piper cernuum Piperaceae Photo: CC BY, Fabrício Mil Homens RiellaPiper consanguineum Piper consanguineum Piperaceae Photo: CC BY, Guillaume Delaitre all 45 ›

Names & registers

Also known as Chavica chuvya; Chavica wallichii; Chavica wallichii var. glabra; Piper accrescens; Piper aurantiacum and 11 more. (GBIF Backbone)

GBIFPOWOIPNIWFOWikidata

The record

Family
Piperaceae
Described by
(Miq.) Hand.-Mazz.
Native to
China South-Central, China North-Central, China Southeast +7
Wild records
155 in range · 69 open

Every figure here is derived from public data by a stated rule and names its source; nothing about this species is written for its page by a person or by AI, apart from the marked, credited quotations. How →

Where this page came from built 2026-10-22
GBIF species record gbif.species answeredasked 2026-10-22
GBIF synonyms gbif.synonyms answeredasked 2026-10-22
GBIF common names gbif.vernacular answeredasked 2026-10-22names fetched 2026-10-22
WCVP native range wcvp.distribution answeredas of 2026-06-04
GBIF occurrence records gbif.occurrences answeredas of 2026-10-21GBIF occurrence download https://doi.org/10.15468/dl.hbdw64, of 2026-10-21
Habitat climate climate answeredasked 2026-10-22
Daily extremes (NASA POWER) climate.extremes answeredasked 2026-10-22NASA POWER (MERRA-2) daily 1981–2024, cell 28.50_83.750, lapse-corrected -1788 m at 6.5 °C/km; read, and set aside: the correction for elevation, -1788 m, is beyond the 1,000 m either way that a lapse rate is applied over, so the weather cell's ground is other terrain than the typical spot's, so no cold floor is shown
Wikidata wikidata answeredasked 2026-10-22
Wikipedia wikipedia nothing to reportasked 2026-10-22
iNaturalist taxon inat.taxon not asked
iNaturalist photographs, wild inat.photos.wild not asked
iNaturalist photographs, cultivated inat.photos.cultivated not asked
GBIF media gbif.media nothing to reportasked 2026-10-22
Wikimedia Commons commons nothing to reportasked 2026-10-22
OpenAlex papers openalex not askednot yet asked for this reference; a later fill takes the papers from OpenAlex's snapshot

Every source is recorded as having answered, reported nothing, refused, failed, not been asked, or answered twice where one answer is taken (“not taken: two items answered”), and, for a source asked when this page was built, when: the figures are as the source held them that day; a source read from a file (Kew's World Checklist, a GBIF download) says "as of" the file's day instead; a row carried from an earlier build of the page names that build instead. Only “nothing to report” is ever shown as an absence. Records came from 20 datasets via GBIF.org; each carries its own licence.

Cultifolio

Opening your plants…