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Polygonatum × hybridum; photograph Andrés Romero Bravo, CC BY, iNaturalist via GBIF CC BYAndrés Romero Bravo, CC BY, iNaturalist via GBIF

Polygonatum × hybridum Brügger

Garden Solomon's-seal

Asparagaceae · Great Britain, Belgium +5

A hybrid: P. multiflorum × P. odoratum, the parents Kew's World Checklist states for it (WCVP, RBG Kew).

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Polygonatum × hybridum, photograph Andrés Romero Bravo, CC BY, iNaturalist via GBIFPolygonatum × hybridum, photograph Jan Alsvik, CC BY, via GBIFPolygonatum × hybridum, photograph Christine Eiken Vebenstad, CC BY, via GBIFPolygonatum × hybridum, photograph Robert H. Wardell, CC0, iNaturalist via GBIFPolygonatum × hybridum, photograph Robert H. Wardell, CC0, iNaturalist via GBIFPolygonatum × hybridum, photograph Robert H. Wardell, CC0, iNaturalist via GBIF 24 photographs ›
Habitat figures
Cold floor (1 night in 100)
-7.8°C
Record low -17.0 °C in 44 years, at a typical spot in the range NASA POWER
Warmest month, mean daily high
20°C
Jul and Aug at the habitat CHELSA
Rain a year (median across the range)
862mm
12 months of 25 mm or more in the median year CHELSA
Open-sky light
4–33DLI
Lowest to highest month (DLI) CHELSA
The year in your months, northern hemisphere
  1. Jan
  2. Feb
  3. Mar
  4. Apr
  5. May
  6. Jun
  7. Jul
  8. Aug
  9. Sep
  10. Oct
  11. Nov
  12. Dec
Rain spread: 70% of the median year's rain takes 8 months, so no short rainy season. rain rule, CHELSA
Northern hemisphere unless you set your site. The chart is in the habitat's months.

Summary

Polygonatum × hybridum, the garden Solomon's-seal, is a hybrid flowering plant, which is a cross between common Solomon's-seal and angular Solomon's-seal.

Quoted from Wikipedia, "Polygonatum × hybridum", CC BY-SA 4.0.

About the genus · Polygonatum

Polygonatum, also known as King Solomon's-seal, Solomon's seal, or sealwort, is a genus of flowering plants. In the APG III classification system, it is placed in the family Asparagaceae, subfamily Convallarioideae. It has also been classified in the former family Convallariaceae and, like many lilioid monocots, was formerly classified in the lily family, Liliaceae. More on Wikipedia ›

Quoted from Wikipedia, "Polygonatum", CC BY-SA 4.0.

Cultivation

Seasons

The rain rule reads no short rainy season: 70% of the median year's rain (624 mm of 870 mm) takes 8 months, June to January. Mean temperature moves 13.0 °C between the warmest and coldest month. Months are the habitat's, northern hemisphere; shifted six months for a southern-hemisphere collection: December to July.

Rain

870 mm in the median year at the habitat, 624 mm of it June to January. Wettest month October at 83 mm, driest month April at 55 mm. Across the grid cells of the range the year's total runs 682 mm to 1,411 mm, the 10th to 90th percentile of each cell's own year. The median of the cells' own yearly totals, 862 mm, is the year's rain at the top of the page; the 870 mm here is the median year's, the twelve monthly medians added, which the rain rule reads. Habitat calendar, northern hemisphere; median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA.

Light

Open sky over the habitat: 4 to 33 mol/m²/day across the year (daily light integral, median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA; the lowest 10th-percentile month across the cells is 3, the highest 90th-percentile month 36).

Warmth and air
Temperature

Coldest: the 1st-percentile night over 44 years at a typical spot in the range is -7.8 °C, the absolute minimum -17.0 °C, 2,418 frost nights in 44 years, 55.0 a year (NASA POWER daily minima). Warmest: the 99th-percentile day is 29.5 °C. Monthly means: the coldest month's mean nightly low 0.8 °C in February (across the grid cells of the range -4.3 °C to 2.5 °C), the warmest month's mean daily high 20.4 °C in July (median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA). Cold floor: -7.8 °C, which is the 1st-percentile night over 44 years at a typical spot in the range (NASA POWER).

Humidity

Relative humidity at the habitat: 61 to 69% across the year (monthly means, median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA). A figure about the air, saying nothing about how the plant takes water.

How this section is made

Each card states this species' habitat figures with their sources, and what two fixed rules read from them; nothing here says what the plant does, wants or tolerates. The rules · the terms.

Seasons. Read from the median year of CHELSA monthly rainfall and mean temperature across the grid cells of the range: the rain rule takes the smallest set of months carrying 70% of the rain and calls it winter when its mean is more than half a degree below the year's, summer when more than that above, and neither in between; the temperature rule, used only under 120 mm, names the cooler six months when they are at least a degree cooler than the other six. Months are shifted for the other hemisphere only where the temperature curve moves 4 °C or more and the habitat lies 10° or more from the equator. A reading of the curves, not an observation of the plant.

Rain. CHELSA monthly precipitation, median year across the grid cells of the range. The rain that falls where the species is recorded; nothing about how the plant takes water.

Light. CHELSA shortwave radiation at each envelope cell, a daily-mean flux taken to a daily total and converted at 2.07 mol of PAR per MJ. The sky over the habitat, measured; what reaches a plant under a rock, a shrub or a shade cloth is not.

Temperature. NASA POWER daily minima and maxima over 44 years at a typical spot in the range, lapse-corrected -26 m to its elevation; CHELSA monthly means, median year across the grid cells of the range. The cold floor is the 1st-percentile night named in its sentence. Not a measured survival limit for any plant in a pot.

Humidity. CHELSA relative humidity, median year across the grid cells of the range.

Climate across the habitat

Habitat months, northern hemisphere

Habitat climate of Polygonatum × hybridum through the yearWarmest months July and August, mean daily high 20 °C; coldest month February, mean nightly low 0.8 °C; 870 mm of rain in the median year (the twelve monthly medians added). Medians across the range, from CHELSA; the extremes at the edge from NASA POWER. Habitat months, northern hemisphere.-20°-10°0°10°20°30°40°frost29.5° 99th-percentile day, NASA POWER-17.0° lowest night in 44 years, NASA POWER°C · day and nightcold quarter050100150200mm rainDLI 4–33RH 61–69%JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
day night rain medians and 10th–90th percentile across 522 habitat cells, CHELSA cold quarter: the three months around the coldest month's mean nightly low extremes over 44 years at a typical spot in the range, from NASA POWER, marked at the edge, in no month DLI, mol/m²/dayRH %each on its own scale
Figures by month
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Day °C6 / 1–76 / 2–79 / 6–1011 / 10–1415 / 13–1818 / 16–2120 / 17–2320 / 17–2217 / 15–1913 / 11–159 / 5–106 / 2–7
Night °C1 / -4–31 / -4–33 / -1–44 / 2–58 / 6–911 / 9–1213 / 11–1513 / 11–1410 / 8–127 / 5–94 / 1–62 / -3–3
Rain mm75 / 51–14458 / 41–10167 / 47–11555 / 43–8466 / 54–8975 / 58–9476 / 59–10278 / 62–11874 / 61–12383 / 61–15681 / 56–14682 / 55–148
DLI5 / 4–610 / 8–1117 / 15–1826 / 24–2832 / 31–3433 / 31–3632 / 30–3527 / 25–2919 / 17–2011 / 9–126 / 5–74 / 3–5
RH %68 / 66–7265 / 64–6963 / 62–6662 / 58–6461 / 58–6361 / 59–6461 / 59–6562 / 59–6563 / 62–6665 / 64–6868 / 66–7069 / 66–72
How this section is made
Each figure is the median across the 522 grid cells holding the 666 in-range records, with the 10th–90th percentile span across those cells after the slash where it differs. A dash is a month one or more of those cells has no figure for in the grid (a variable CHELSA does not carry there), so no median is taken rather than one over fewer cells. Extremes and elevation were read at a typical spot in the range, cell 776:3687 (51.175, 4.375). Over 44 years there: absolute minimum -17.0 °C, 1st-percentile night -7.8 °C, 99th-percentile day 29.5 °C. Normals: CHELSA V2.1 1981–2010 climatology, 0.05° cells (each the mean of ~36 1 km pixels). Across the range: median and 10th–90th percentile of each month across the 522 distinct grid cells holding 666 of the 666 in-range records; extremes and elevation at the typical cell 776:3687 (its coldest month's mean nightly low nearest the median across cells); its position is the cell centre. Extremes: NASA POWER (MERRA-2) daily 1981–2024, cell 51.00_4.375, lapse-corrected -26 m at 6.5 °C/km. Elevation: ETOPO 2022, 11 m (cell mean).

Natural habitat

Native range as published by WCVP; the marker is where the records are densest and decides nothing: the climate was read across the cells of the in-range records placed well enough to read one, not at the marker.
Openly licensed records inside the range, framed on where they fall.
NativeGreat Britain, Belgium, Germany, Switzerland, France, Spain, Central European Russia · introduced: Ireland, New Zealand South · regions are the level-3 units of the World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, as Kew's World Checklist records ranges, some under historical names such as Yugoslavia or Czechoslovakia (how).
Map marker53.635, -2.648 · in the densest population, 507 records (71% of those in range)
Kew's description“rhizomatous geophyte” · “temperate” · quoted from WCVP, RBG Kew (CC BY 4.0); not derived here
Evidence usedThe map marker rests on all 718 georeferenced records inside the native range; the climate across the range on the 666 of them placed to within 10 km; the map shows only the 273 openly licensed ones, which alone would put the marker 23 km away. 887 records outside the WCVP native range not used. 52 in-range records are placed to worse than 10 km, or with no stated accuracy (admitted only as a person's observation to three decimals), and stay on the map but off the climate.
How this section is made
The map marker: the openly licensed record nearest the middle of the densest 1° population inside the densest 4° block of the 718 in-range records; it decides nothing. Records outside the native range, living specimens and records marked introduced are not used; which records count.

Photographs

Polygonatum × hybridum, photograph 1did not loadPolygonatum × hybridum, photograph 2did not loadPolygonatum × hybridum, photograph 3did not loadPolygonatum × hybridum, photograph 4did not loadPolygonatum × hybridum, photograph 5did not loadPolygonatum × hybridum, photograph 6did not load

Photographs: Andrés Romero Bravo, CC BY, iNaturalist via GBIF; Jan Alsvik, CC BY, via GBIF; Christine Eiken Vebenstad, CC BY, via GBIF; Robert H. Wardell, CC0, iNaturalist via GBIF (3).

Similar habitat climate The 6 nearest by mean daily high, mean nightly low and rain, month by month. How.

Catabrosa aquatica Catabrosa aquatica Whorl-grass Photo: CC BY, Наталья ПикаловаRubus vestitus Rubus vestitus European blackberry Photo: CC BY, Shaan AroesteKoeleria macrantha Koeleria macrantha Crested hair-grass Photo: CC BY, Daniel CahenEpilobium obscurum Epilobium obscurum Short-fruited willowherb Photo: CC BY-SA, purperlibelBromus ramosus Bromus ramosus Hairy brome Photo: CC0, author not statedRhinanthus minor Rhinanthus minor Yellow-rattle Photo: CC BY, Jake Dalzell

Other Polygonatum 32 in the reference

Polygonatum arisanense Polygonatum arisanense Asparagaceae Photo: CC BY-SA, 許文俊Polygonatum biflorum Polygonatum biflorum King Solomon's-seal Photo: CC BY, T. Hammer Polygonatum brevistylum Asparagaceae Polygonatum cathcartii Asparagaceae Polygonatum cirrhifolium Polygonatum cirrhifolium Asparagaceae Photo: CC BY, 王天Polygonatum curvistylum Polygonatum curvistylum Asparagaceae Photo: CC BY, Wang.QG Polygonatum cyrtonema Asparagaceae Polygonatum × desoulavyi Polygonatum × desoulavyi Anmyeon wide-bract solomon’s seal Photo: CC BY, Repina TatyanaPolygonatum falcatum Polygonatum falcatum Moniliform-rhizome solomon’s seal Photo: CC BY, WATANABE Hitoshi 渡辺仁 Polygonatum filipes Asparagaceae Polygonatum geminiflorum Asparagaceae Polygonatum glaberrimum Polygonatum glaberrimum Asparagaceae Photo: CC BY, Наталья Пикалова all 33 ›

Names & registers

Also known as Convallaria landmarkii; Polygonatum multiflorum subsp. intermedium; Polygonatum multiflorum var. intermedium; Polygonatum officinale var. intermedium; Polygonatum xhybridum. (GBIF Backbone)

GBIFPOWOIPNIWikipedia POWO and IPNI by the numbers of Kew's entry for this hybrid

The record

Family
Asparagaceae
Described by
Brügger
Native to
Great Britain, Belgium, Germany +4
Wild records
718 in range · 273 open

Every figure here is derived from public data by a stated rule and names its source; nothing about this species is written for its page by a person or by AI, apart from the marked, credited quotations. How →

Where this page came from built 2026-10-22
GBIF species record gbif.species answeredasked 2026-10-22
GBIF synonyms gbif.synonyms answeredasked 2026-10-22
GBIF common names gbif.vernacular answeredasked 2026-10-22names fetched 2026-10-22
WCVP native range wcvp.distribution answeredas of 2026-06-04
GBIF occurrence records gbif.occurrences answeredas of 2026-10-21GBIF occurrence download https://doi.org/10.15468/dl.hbdw64, of 2026-10-21; 66 records within 1 km of a botanic garden, herbarium or zoo left out (49 at a botanic garden or arboretum, 7 at a herbarium, 10 at a zoo; Wikidata's list)
Habitat climate climate answeredasked 2026-10-22
Daily extremes (NASA POWER) climate.extremes answeredasked 2026-10-22NASA POWER (MERRA-2) daily 1981–2024, cell 51.00_4.375, lapse-corrected -26 m at 6.5 °C/km
Wikidata wikidata nothing to reportasked 2026-10-22
Wikipedia wikipedia answeredasked 2026-10-22Wikipedia redirects Polygonatum hybridum to Polygonatum × hybridum, this species' name
iNaturalist taxon inat.taxon not asked
iNaturalist photographs, wild inat.photos.wild not asked
iNaturalist photographs, cultivated inat.photos.cultivated not asked
GBIF media gbif.media answeredasked 2026-10-22
OpenAlex papers openalex not askednot yet asked for this reference; a later fill takes the papers from OpenAlex's snapshot

Every source is recorded as having answered, reported nothing, refused, failed, not been asked, or answered twice where one answer is taken (“not taken: two items answered”), and, for a source asked when this page was built, when: the figures are as the source held them that day; a source read from a file (Kew's World Checklist, a GBIF download) says "as of" the file's day instead; a row carried from an earlier build of the page names that build instead. Only “nothing to report” is ever shown as an absence. Records came from 81 datasets via GBIF.org; each carries its own licence.

Cultifolio

Opening your plants…