Species
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Pseudobombax marginatum (A.St.-Hil., A.Juss. & Cambess.) A.Robyns

Pequi, pequi colorado

Climate known 10 photographs Cactus or succulent
Add one to my plants Sow seed

Every figure on this page is derived from public data by a stated rule and says its source; nothing here is written by a person or a model, except the Wikipedia passage, which is quoted and marked as such. How it is made.

About the genus · Pseudobombax

Pseudobombax is a genus of flowering plants in the subfamily Bombacoideae of the family Malvaceae.

Text from Wikipedia, “Pseudobombax”, CC BY-SA 4.0, quoted as written.

Family
Malvaceae
Described by
(A.St.-Hil., A.Juss. & Cambess.) A.Robyns
Native to
Bolivia, Peru, Brazil West-Central +5
Wild records
328 in range· 302 open

At a glance

Warmest month
32°C
Oct, mean day; nights 22 °C (CHELSA)
Rain
1143mm/yr
8 wet months · peak Mar 191 mm (CHELSA)
Light
30–39DLI
mol/m²/day, winter to summer, open sky (CHELSA shortwave)
In short condensed by rule from the cultivation cards · not written by a person
Grouped as a cactus or succulent by the genus Pseudobombax, which is reliably one kind of plant (archetype table). Rain rule: a sharp rainy season, November to March at the habitat (not shifted); the temperature curve is flat (3.5 °C of range), so no growing season is inferred. Habitat rain 1143 mm a year, wettest March at 191 mm, driest August at 9 mm (habitat calendar, southern hemisphere). Open sky over the habitat: 30 to 39 mol/m²/day. Cold floor 15.9 °C (1st-percentile habitat night, NASA POWER).
Each sentence is one card's own one-line form, written by the same rule as the card (Its year, Rain, Light, Temperature); the note cannot say what a card does not. Months are given for the northern hemisphere (set your site in Settings to change this), and the habitat's own alongside. The cards · the figures.

Also known as Bombax carolinum Vell.; Bombax marginatum (A.St.-Hil., A.Juss. & Cambess.) K.Schum.; Bombax marginatum subsp. genuinum Hassl.; Bombax marginatum var. obcordatum R.E.Fr.; Bombax pumilum Pilg. and 3 more.

Cultivation

Grouped as a cactus or succulent by the genus Pseudobombax, which is reliably one kind of plant (archetype table). The table holds no figure for this group, which spans too much for one minimum; the cold floor is the habitat's alone, and no prose comes from the table.

Its year Rain rule: a sharp rainy season, November to March at the habitat (not shifted); the temperature curve is flat (3.5 °C of range), so no growing season is inferred.

This species’ habitat figures, and what two fixed rules read from them.

The rain rule reads a sharp season: 70% of the year's rain (828 mm of 1143 mm) falls in November to March. The temperature curve is flat, 3.5 °C between the warmest and coldest month, so the growing-season rule does not infer a growing season from it. Months are the habitat's, southern hemisphere, within 10° of the equator; with no thermal season there there is no season to reverse, so they are not shifted for a collection elsewhere.

Read from the median year of CHELSA monthly rainfall and mean temperature across the envelope cells: the rain rule takes the smallest set of months carrying 70% of the rain and calls it winter when its mean is more than half a degree below the year's, summer when more than that above, and neither in between; the temperature rule, used only under 120 mm, names the cooler six months when they are at least a degree cooler than the other six. Months are shifted for the other hemisphere only where the temperature curve gives a season to reverse. A reading of the curves, not an observation of the plant.

Rain Habitat rain 1143 mm a year, wettest March at 191 mm, driest August at 9 mm (habitat calendar, southern hemisphere).

This species’ habitat figures, with their source.

1143 mm a year at the habitat, 828 mm of it November to March. Wettest month March at 191 mm, driest August at 9 mm. Across the envelope cells the year's total runs 626 mm to 1835 mm (10th to 90th percentile of each cell's own year) (median year across the envelope cells, CHELSA; habitat calendar, southern hemisphere).

CHELSA monthly precipitation, median year across the envelope cells. The rain that falls where the species is recorded; nothing about how the plant takes water.

Light Open sky over the habitat: 30 to 39 mol/m²/day.

This species’ habitat figures, with their source.

Open sky over the habitat: 30 to 39 mol/m²/day across the year (daily light integral, median year across the envelope cells, CHELSA; the lowest 10th-percentile month across the cells is 23, the highest 90th-percentile month 45).

CHELSA shortwave radiation at each envelope cell, a daily-mean flux taken to a daily total and converted at 2.07 mol of PAR per MJ. The sky over the habitat, measured; what reaches a plant under a rock, a shrub or a shade cloth is not.

Warmth and air Cold floor 15.9 °C (1st-percentile habitat night, NASA POWER).

This species’ habitat figures, with their source.

Temperature

Coldest: the 1st-percentile night over 44 years at the typical cell is 15.9 °C, the absolute minimum 14.3 °C, no frost in 44 years (NASA POWER daily minima). Warmest: the 99th-percentile day is 36.2 °C. Monthly means: coldest night 18.7 °C in July (across the envelope cells 14.9 °C to 22.0 °C), warmest day 32.0 °C in October (median year across the envelope cells, CHELSA). Cold floor: 15.9 °C, which is the 1st-percentile night over 44 years at the typical cell (NASA POWER).

NASA POWER daily minima and maxima 1981–2024 at the typical cell, lapse-corrected to its elevation; CHELSA monthly means, median year across the envelope cells, CHELSA. The cold floor is the figure named in its sentence. Not a measured survival limit for any plant in a pot.

Humidity

Relative humidity at the habitat: 52 to 63% across the year (monthly means, median year across the envelope cells, CHELSA). A figure about the air, saying nothing about how the plant takes water.

CHELSA relative humidity, median year across the envelope cells.

The figures the cards read from are in Climate below, and where they came from in Natural habitat.

Climate across the habitat

Habitat climate through the yearMean day from 29 °C in Jun to 32 °C in Oct; mean night from 19 °C in Jul to 22 °C in Nov. The cold quarter, Jun to Aug, is the three months around the coldest night. 1143 mm of rain a year, most in Mar. The bands show the 10th to 90th percentile across 293 habitat cells. Over 44 years at the typical cell the absolute minimum was 14.3 °C and the 99th-percentile day 36.2 °C; neither is dated to a month. Beneath: daily light integral and relative humidity through the year, each on its own scale.10°15°20°25°30°35°40°36.2° 99th-percentile day (undated)14.3° lowest night in 44 yrs (undated)°C · day and nightcold quarter050100150200250300mm rainDLI 30–39RH 52–63 %JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
day night rain 10th–90th percentile across 293 habitat cells cold quarter: the three months around the coldest night extremes over 44 years at the typical cell, marked at the edge: undated DLI, mol/m²/dayRH %each on its own scale
Figures by month
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Day °C30 / 28–3330 / 28–3230 / 27–3230 / 27–3129 / 26–3129 / 25–3229 / 25–3230 / 26–3332 / 28–3432 / 29–3531 / 28–3530 / 28–34
Night °C22 / 20–2422 / 20–2422 / 20–2322 / 19–2321 / 17–2319 / 15–2219 / 15–2219 / 16–2221 / 18–2322 / 19–2322 / 19–2422 / 20–24
Rain mm166 / 74–300153 / 81–270191 / 123–281116 / 62–20155 / 15–11324 / 4–6213 / 1–419 / 3–4022 / 2–8176 / 3–155136 / 6–223182 / 27–294
DLI37 / 31–4137 / 31–4134 / 30–3833 / 29–3531 / 25–3330 / 23–3231 / 25–3436 / 30–3939 / 34–4339 / 36–4538 / 35–4537 / 32–42
RH %62 / 54–6862 / 56–6863 / 58–6861 / 58–6759 / 54–6557 / 51–6354 / 48–6152 / 46–5953 / 47–6056 / 49–6259 / 50–6461 / 51–67

Each figure is the median across the 293 grid cells holding the 324 in-range records, with the 10th–90th percentile span across those cells after the slash where it differs. Extremes and elevation were read at the typical cell 1944:2870 (-7.225, -36.475). Over 44 years there: absolute minimum 14.3 °C, 1st-percentile night 15.9 °C, 99th-percentile day 36.2 °C. Normals: CHELSA V2.1 1981–2010 climatology, 0.05° cells (each the mean of ~36 1 km pixels). Envelope: median and 10th–90th percentile of each month across the 293 distinct grid cells holding the 324 in-range records; extremes and elevation at the typical cell 1944:2870 (its coldest month's mean night nearest the median across cells); its position is the cell centre. Extremes: NASA POWER (MERRA-2) daily 1981–2024, cell -7.00_-36.250, lapse-corrected -3 m at 6.5 °C/km. Elevation: ETOPO 2022, 504 m (cell mean).

Natural habitat

Native range as published by WCVP; the marker is where the records are densest and decides nothing: the climate was read across every in-range record's cell, not at the marker.
Openly licensed records inside the range, framed on where they fall.
NativeBolivia, Peru, Brazil West-Central, Brazil Northeast, Brazil Southeast, Brazil North, Brazil South, Paraguay
Kew's description“tree” · “seasonally dry tropical”· quoted from WCVP, RBG Kew (CC BY 4.0); not derived here
Map marker-7.385, -38.384 · in the densest population, 59 records (18% of those in range)
Evidence usedThe map marker and the climate envelope rest on all 328 georeferenced records inside the native range; the map shows only the 302 openly licensed ones, which alone would put the marker 15 km away. 1 record outside the range (gardens, roadsides, misidentifications) ignored. 4 in-range records are placed to worse than 10 km and stay on the map but off the climate.
The map markerthe map marker: the openly licensed record nearest the middle of the densest 1° population of the 328 in-range records; it decides nothing.

Photographs

Pseudobombax marginatumPseudobombax marginatumPseudobombax marginatumPseudobombax marginatumPseudobombax marginatumPseudobombax marginatumPseudobombax marginatumPseudobombax marginatum

Photographs: (c) Breno Figueiredo, some rights reserved (CC BY); (c) Samuel Martins, some rights reserved (CC BY) (3); Samuel Martins, CC BY, iNaturalist via GBIF (3); Breno Figueiredo, CC BY, iNaturalist via GBIF.

Photographs: iNaturalist did not answer when this page was built; what is shown came from the sources that did.

Papers naming this species

Works whose title or abstract names Pseudobombax marginatum, most cited first, from OpenAlex (CC0). A mention, not a cultivation source: nothing on this page is drawn from them.

Variation in Tolerance and Metabolic Responses to Flooding in some Tropical Trees
Carlos Alfredo Joly, R. M. M. Crawford (1982) · Journal of Experimental Botany
Seasonal variation in the production of secondary metabolites and antimicrobial activity of two plant species used in Brazilian traditional medicine
Thiago Pereira Chaves, Cleildo P. Santana, Germano Véras, Deysiane Oliveira Brandão (2013) · AFRICAN JOURNAL OF BIOTECHNOLOGY
Anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive effects of hydroalcoholic extract from Pseudobombax marginatum inner bark from caatinga potiguar
Dayane Carla Costa Paiva, Cliomar Alves dos Santos, Jaécio Carlos Diniz, Francisco Arnaldo Viana (2013) · Journal of Ethnopharmacology
Biologia reprodutiva e guilda de visitantes florais de Pseudobombax marginatum (Malvaceae)
Izaac Damasceno Pequeno, Natan Messias Almeida, José A. Siqueira Filho (2016) · Rodriguésia
A família Bombacaceae Kunth no Estado de Pernambuco, Brasil
Ana Luiza Du Bocage, Margareth Ferreira de Sales (2002) · Acta Botanica Brasilica
Seed biometry: another functional trait in caatinga
Marcelo da Costa Patrício, Dilma Maria de Brito Melo Trovão (2020) · Acta Scientiarum Biological Sciences
QUANTIFICAÇÃO DE ANTOCIANINAS DOS EXTRATOS DE EMBIRATANHA (Pseudobombax marginatum)
Maria Alcilene Gomes de Menezes, Francisco Barros de Oliveira Neto, Luciana Medeiros Bertino, Francisco Felipe Maia da Silva (2015) · Holos
Phytochemical profile and determination of cytotoxicity, acute oral toxicity, genotoxicity, and mutagenicity of aqueous and ethanolic extracts of Pseudobombax marginatum (A. St.-Hil.) A. Robyns
Keila Tamires da Silva Santana, Ketsia Sabrina do Nascimento Marinho, Lucas Felipe de Melo Alcântara, Carolayne Maria da Silva Carvalho (2024) · Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health
FLORÍSTICA DE UM FRAGMENTO VEGETACIONAL DA ÁREA DE PROTEÇÃO AMBIENTAL DO BURITI DO MEIO, CAXIAS, MARANHÃO
Antônio Camelo Júnior, Guilherme Silva, Gonçalo Mendes da Conceição (2017) · Agrarian Academy
Effect of Carnaúba Bagana Mulching on Tree Species Planted in Degraded Areas in Caatinga
Fernando Lima Aires Gonçalves, Izar Aximoff, Alexander Silva de Resende, Guilherme Montandon Chaer (2023) · Floresta e Ambiente
Alternative control of microflora on Pseudobombax marginatum seeds with essential Copaiba oil (Copaifera sp.).
J. M. Mondego, Paulo Alexandre Fernandes Rodrigues de Melo, Kedma Maria Silva Pinto, Luciana Cordeiro do Nascimento (2014) · Bioscience Journal

Similar habitat climate the 6 species whose habitat climate is nearest this one's: mean day and night, month by month, and rain on a log scale, in calendar order, so a habitat with the same seasons six months out is far, not near. Nothing else counts: not range, not family.

Other Pseudobombax 27 in the reference

History & registers

Where this page came from built 2026-09-20 · dossier v2 · node
gbif.species answeredcarried from build of 2026-09-19 (offline re-derivation; the backbone was not asked)
gbif.synonyms answeredcarried from build of 2026-09-19 (offline re-derivation; the backbone was not asked)
gbif.vernacular answeredcarried from build of 2026-09-19 (offline re-derivation; the backbone was not asked)
wcvp.distribution answered
gbif.occurrences answeredGBIF occurrence download https://doi.org/10.15468/dl.3h4zam
climate answered
wikidata answeredcarried from build of 2026-09-19 (rederive); that build: carried from build of 2026-09-19 (rederive)
wikipedia nothing to reportcarried from build of 2026-09-19; this build: skipped
inat.taxon not asked
inat.photos.wild answeredcarried from build of 2026-09-19; this build: skipped
inat.photos.cultivated nothing to reportcarried from build of 2026-09-19 (rederive); that build: carried from build of 2026-09-19 (rederive)
commons nothing to reportcarried from build of 2026-09-19 (rederive); that build: carried from build of 2026-09-19 (rederive)
gbif.media answered
openalex answeredcarried from build of 2026-09-19; this build: skipped

Every upstream is recorded as having answered, reported nothing, or refused. Only “nothing to report” is ever shown as an absence. Records came from 60 datasets via GBIF.org; each carries its own licence.