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Pulsatilla campanella; photograph Cody Hinchliff, CC BY, iNaturalist via GBIF CC BYCody Hinchliff, CC BY, iNaturalist via GBIF

Pulsatilla campanella (Regel & Tiling) Fisch. ex Krylov

Ranunculaceae · Altay, Tuva +8

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Pulsatilla campanella, photograph Svyatoslav Knyazev, CC BY, iNaturalist via GBIFPulsatilla campanella, photograph Pavel Smirnov, CC BY, iNaturalist via GBIFPulsatilla campanella, photograph Natalia Kazakova, CC BY, iNaturalist via GBIF 4 photographs ›
Habitat figures
Cold floor (1 night in 100)
-30.9°C
Record low -41.7 °C in 44 years, at a typical spot in the range NASA POWER
Warmest month, mean daily high
14°C
Jul at the habitat CHELSA
Rain a year (median across the range)
753mm
11 months of 25 mm or more in the median year CHELSA
Open-sky light
12–44DLI
Lowest to highest month (DLI) CHELSA
The year in your months, northern hemisphere
  1. Jan
  2. Feb
  3. Mar
  4. Apr
  5. May
  6. Jun
  7. Jul
  8. Aug
  9. Sep
  10. Oct
  11. Nov
  12. Dec
Wet summers: the rain comes April to September, read as a summer growing season. rain rule, CHELSA
Northern hemisphere unless you set your site. The chart is in the habitat's months.

About the genus · Pulsatilla

Pulsatilla is a genus that contains about 40 species of herbaceous perennial plants native to meadows and prairies of North America, Europe, and Asia. Common names include pasque flower, wind flower, prairie crocus, Easter flower, and meadow anemone. Several species are valued ornamentals because of their finely-dissected leaves, solitary bell-shaped flowers, and plumed seed heads. More on Wikipedia ›

Quoted from Wikipedia, "Pulsatilla", CC BY-SA 4.0.

Cultivation

Seasons

The rain rule reads a summer growing season: 70% of the median year's rain (509 mm of 724 mm) falls in April to September, warmer than the year (wet-season mean 4.2 °C against a yearly mean of -4.0 °C). Months are the habitat's, northern hemisphere; shifted six months for a southern-hemisphere collection: October to March.

Rain

724 mm in the median year at the habitat, 509 mm of it April to September. Wettest months (2 at 105 mm), driest month January at 24 mm. Across the grid cells of the range the year's total runs 330 mm to 1,461 mm, the 10th to 90th percentile of each cell's own year. The median of the cells' own yearly totals, 753 mm, is the year's rain at the top of the page; the 724 mm here is the median year's, the twelve monthly medians added, which the rain rule reads. Habitat calendar, northern hemisphere; median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA.

Light

Open sky over the habitat: 12 to 44 mol/m²/day across the year (daily light integral, median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA; the lowest 10th-percentile month across the cells is 7, the highest 90th-percentile month 49).

Warmth and air
Temperature

Coldest: the 1st-percentile night over 44 years at a typical spot in the range is -30.9 °C, the absolute minimum -41.7 °C, 9,772 frost nights in 44 years, 222.1 a year (NASA POWER daily minima). Warmest: the 99th-percentile day is 28.3 °C. Monthly means: the coldest month's mean nightly low -21.3 °C in January (across the grid cells of the range -29.7 °C to -16.4 °C), the warmest month's mean daily high 13.6 °C in July (median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA). Cold floor: -30.9 °C, which is the 1st-percentile night over 44 years at a typical spot in the range (NASA POWER).

Humidity

Relative humidity at the habitat: 56 to 59% across the year (monthly means, median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA). A figure about the air, saying nothing about how the plant takes water.

How this section is made

Each card states this species' habitat figures with their sources, and what two fixed rules read from them; nothing here says what the plant does, wants or tolerates. The rules · the terms.

Seasons. Read from the median year of CHELSA monthly rainfall and mean temperature across the grid cells of the range: the rain rule takes the smallest set of months carrying 70% of the rain and calls it winter when its mean is more than half a degree below the year's, summer when more than that above, and neither in between; the temperature rule, used only under 120 mm, names the cooler six months when they are at least a degree cooler than the other six. Months are shifted for the other hemisphere only where the temperature curve moves 4 °C or more and the habitat lies 10° or more from the equator. A reading of the curves, not an observation of the plant.

Rain. CHELSA monthly precipitation, median year across the grid cells of the range. The rain that falls where the species is recorded; nothing about how the plant takes water.

Light. CHELSA shortwave radiation at each envelope cell, a daily-mean flux taken to a daily total and converted at 2.07 mol of PAR per MJ. The sky over the habitat, measured; what reaches a plant under a rock, a shrub or a shade cloth is not.

Temperature. NASA POWER daily minima and maxima over 44 years at a typical spot in the range, lapse-corrected -350 m to its elevation; CHELSA monthly means, median year across the grid cells of the range. The cold floor is the 1st-percentile night named in its sentence. Not a measured survival limit for any plant in a pot.

Humidity. CHELSA relative humidity, median year across the grid cells of the range.

Climate across the habitat

Habitat months, northern hemisphere

Habitat climate of Pulsatilla campanella through the yearWarmest month July, mean daily high 14 °C; coldest month January, mean nightly low -21.3 °C; 724 mm of rain in the median year (the twelve monthly medians added). Medians across the range, from CHELSA; the extremes at the edge from NASA POWER. Habitat months, northern hemisphere.-60°-40°-20°0°20°40°frost28.3° 99th-percentile day, NASA POWER-41.7° lowest night in 44 years, NASA POWER°C · day and nightcold quarter050100150200250mm rainDLI 12–44RH 56–59%JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
day night rain medians and 10th–90th percentile across 85 habitat cells, CHELSA cold quarter: the three months around the coldest month's mean nightly low extremes over 44 years at a typical spot in the range, from NASA POWER, marked at the edge, in no month DLI, mol/m²/dayRH %each on its own scale
Figures by month
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Day °C-12 / -20–-8-10 / -16–-5-6 / -11–-10 / -5–56 / 1–1011 / 8–1514 / 11–1713 / 10–178 / 4–130 / -4–5-7 / -14–-2-12 / -20–-7
Night °C-21 / -30–-16-20 / -28–-15-15 / -23–-10-9 / -16–-5-5 / -9–00 / -3–54 / 0–83 / -1–7-3 / -8–2-10 / -17–-5-16 / -24–-10-20 / -28–-14
Rain mm24 / 6–5926 / 5–7042 / 5–13165 / 15–178105 / 25–211105 / 56–167103 / 63–17079 / 44–12652 / 20–8051 / 14–11640 / 9–9632 / 9–75
DLI14 / 9–1921 / 17–2631 / 27–3640 / 36–4544 / 39–4943 / 41–4840 / 38–4537 / 34–4130 / 27–3522 / 17–2615 / 10–1912 / 7–16
RH %56 / 52–6257 / 53–6157 / 54–5956 / 53–5858 / 54–6058 / 56–6159 / 57–6258 / 56–6157 / 55–6056 / 54–5956 / 52–6156 / 52–64
How this section is made
Each figure is the median across the 85 grid cells holding the 133 in-range records, with the 10th–90th percentile span across those cells after the slash where it differs. A dash is a month one or more of those cells has no figure for in the grid (a variable CHELSA does not carry there), so no median is taken rather than one over fewer cells. Extremes and elevation were read at a typical spot in the range, cell 793:5341 (50.325, 87.075). Over 44 years there: absolute minimum -41.7 °C, 1st-percentile night -30.9 °C, 99th-percentile day 28.3 °C. Normals: CHELSA V2.1 1981–2010 climatology, 0.05° cells (each the mean of ~36 1 km pixels). Across the range: median and 10th–90th percentile of each month across the 85 distinct grid cells holding 133 of the 133 in-range records; extremes and elevation at the typical cell 793:5341 (its coldest month's mean nightly low nearest the median across cells); its position is the cell centre. Extremes: NASA POWER (MERRA-2) daily 1981–2024, cell 50.50_86.875, lapse-corrected -350 m at 6.5 °C/km. Elevation: ETOPO 2022, 1358 m (cell mean).

Natural habitat

Native range as published by WCVP; the marker is where the records are densest and decides nothing: the climate was read across the cells of the in-range records placed well enough to read one, not at the marker.
Openly licensed records inside the range, framed on where they fall.
NativeAltay, Tuva, Kazakhstan, Kirgizistan, Tadzhikistan, Uzbekistan, Afghanistan, Xinjiang, Mongolia, Pakistan · regions are the level-3 units of the World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, as Kew's World Checklist records ranges, some under historical names such as Yugoslavia or Czechoslovakia (how).
Map marker43.056, 76.976 · in the densest population, 142 records (60% of those in range)
Kew's description“perennial” · “temperate” · quoted from WCVP, RBG Kew (CC BY 4.0); not derived here
Evidence usedThe map marker rests on all 238 georeferenced records inside the native range; the climate across the range on the 133 of them placed to within 10 km; the map shows only the 113 openly licensed ones, which alone would put the marker 48 km away. 1 record outside the WCVP native range not used. 105 in-range records are placed to worse than 10 km, or with no stated accuracy (admitted only as a person's observation to three decimals), and stay on the map but off the climate.
How this section is made
The map marker: the openly licensed record nearest the middle of the densest 1° population inside the densest 4° block of the 238 in-range records; it decides nothing. Records outside the native range, living specimens and records marked introduced are not used; which records count.

Photographs

Pulsatilla campanella, photograph 1did not loadPulsatilla campanella, photograph 2did not loadPulsatilla campanella, photograph 3did not load

Photographs: Svyatoslav Knyazev, CC BY, iNaturalist via GBIF; Pavel Smirnov, CC BY, iNaturalist via GBIF; Natalia Kazakova, CC BY, iNaturalist via GBIF.

Similar habitat climate The 6 nearest by mean daily high, mean nightly low and rain, month by month. How.

Aconitum rotundifolium Aconitum rotundifolium Roundleaf Monkshood Photo: CC BY, Andrew BazdyrevErigeron aurantiacus Erigeron aurantiacus Orange daisy Photo: CC BY, Paul DufourGeranium saxatile Geranium saxatile Geraniaceae Photo: CC0, Federico BiguzziTulipa heterophylla Tulipa heterophylla Liliaceae Photo: CC BY, b166erLonicera hispida Lonicera hispida Caprifoliaceae Photo: CC BY, Urgamal MagsarTrollius dschungaricus Trollius dschungaricus Ranunculaceae Photo: CC BY, Oleg Kosterin

Other Pulsatilla 27 in the reference

Pulsatilla ajanensis Ranunculaceae Pulsatilla albana Pulsatilla albana Ranunculaceae Photo: CC BY, Maria KhorevaPulsatilla alpina Pulsatilla alpina Ranunculaceae Photo: CC BY-SA, Emanuele SantarelliPulsatilla ambigua Pulsatilla ambigua Ranunculaceae Photo: CC BY, Rose ZappaPulsatilla armena Pulsatilla armena Ranunculaceae Photo: CC BY, Oleksandr ShynderPulsatilla aurea Pulsatilla aurea Ranunculaceae Photo: CC BY, Виктория БилоусPulsatilla bungeana Pulsatilla bungeana Ranunculaceae Photo: CC BY, Urgamal MagsarPulsatilla cernua Pulsatilla cernua Narrow-leaf pasque-flower Photo: CC BY, Tatyana PetrenkoPulsatilla chinensis Pulsatilla chinensis Northeast Asian pasque-flower Photo: CC BY, Tatyana PetrenkoPulsatilla dahurica Pulsatilla dahurica Dahurian pasque-flower Photo: CC BY, Tatyana PetrenkoPulsatilla georgica Pulsatilla georgica Ranunculaceae Photo: CC BY, Mikhail MorozovPulsatilla grandis Pulsatilla grandis Greater Pasque Flower Photo: CC BY, fmunoz all 28 ›

Names & registers

Also known as Anemone campanella; Pulsatilla albana var. altaica; Pulsatilla albana var. campanella; Pulsatilla albana var. parviflora; Pulsatilla ambigua subsp. campanella and 1 more. (GBIF Backbone)

GBIFPOWOIPNIWFOWikidata

The record

Family
Ranunculaceae
Described by
(Regel & Tiling) Fisch. ex Krylov
Native to
Altay, Tuva, Kazakhstan +7
Wild records
238 in range · 113 open

Every figure here is derived from public data by a stated rule and names its source; nothing about this species is written for its page by a person or by AI, apart from the marked, credited quotations. How →

Where this page came from built 2026-10-22
GBIF species record gbif.species answeredasked 2026-10-22
GBIF synonyms gbif.synonyms answeredasked 2026-10-22
GBIF common names gbif.vernacular answeredasked 2026-10-22names fetched 2026-10-22
WCVP native range wcvp.distribution answeredas of 2026-06-04
GBIF occurrence records gbif.occurrences answeredas of 2026-10-21GBIF occurrence download https://doi.org/10.15468/dl.hbdw64, of 2026-10-21
Habitat climate climate answeredasked 2026-10-22
Daily extremes (NASA POWER) climate.extremes answeredasked 2026-10-22NASA POWER (MERRA-2) daily 1981–2024, cell 50.50_86.875, lapse-corrected -350 m at 6.5 °C/km
Wikidata wikidata answeredasked 2026-10-22found by its label; its IPNI identifier 711956-1 is Kew's for Pulsatilla campanella (Regel & Tiling) Fisch. ex Krylov
Wikipedia wikipedia nothing to reportasked 2026-10-22
iNaturalist taxon inat.taxon not asked
iNaturalist photographs, wild inat.photos.wild not asked
iNaturalist photographs, cultivated inat.photos.cultivated not asked
GBIF media gbif.media answeredasked 2026-10-22
Wikimedia Commons commons nothing to reportasked 2026-10-22
OpenAlex papers openalex not askednot yet asked for this reference; a later fill takes the papers from OpenAlex's snapshot

Every source is recorded as having answered, reported nothing, refused, failed, not been asked, or answered twice where one answer is taken (“not taken: two items answered”), and, for a source asked when this page was built, when: the figures are as the source held them that day; a source read from a file (Kew's World Checklist, a GBIF download) says "as of" the file's day instead; a row carried from an earlier build of the page names that build instead. Only “nothing to report” is ever shown as an absence. Records came from 15 datasets via GBIF.org; each carries its own licence.

Cultifolio

Opening your plants…