50 photographs › At a glance
- Jan
- Feb
- Mar
- Apr
- May, shaded
- Jun, shaded
- Jul, shaded
- Aug, shaded
- Sep, shaded
- Oct, shaded
- Nov
- Dec
Cultivation
Grouped as a fern or moss, listed under the family Polypodiaceae in the archetype table, and Kew describes it as “rhizomatous geophyte or epiphyte”.
Seasons
The rain rule reads a summer growing season: 70% of the median year's rain (2,427 mm of 3,260 mm) falls in May to October, warmer than the year (wet-season mean 17.6 °C against a yearly mean of 13.8 °C). Months are the habitat's, northern hemisphere; shifted six months for a southern-hemisphere collection: November to April.
Rain
3,260 mm in the median year at the habitat, 2,427 mm of it May to October. Wettest month September at 485 mm, driest month December at 82 mm. Across the grid cells of the range the year's total runs 1,963 mm to 4,167 mm, the 10th to 90th percentile of each cell's own year. The median of the cells' own yearly totals, 3,393 mm, is the year's rain at the top of the page; the 3,260 mm here is the median year's, the twelve monthly medians added, which the rain rule reads. Habitat calendar, northern hemisphere; median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA.
Light
Open sky over the habitat: 17 to 35 mol/m²/day across the year (daily light integral, median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA; the lowest 10th-percentile month across the cells is 14, the highest 90th-percentile month 37).
Warmth and air
Monthly means: the coldest month's mean nightly low 2.9 °C in January (across the grid cells of the range -1.0 °C to 6.2 °C), the warmest month's mean daily high 21.9 °C in July (median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA). Cold floor: none read. The nearest figure is 2.9 °C, the coldest month's mean nightly low, January, in the median year (CHELSA); a month's mean of its nightly lows is warmer than the nights a floor is read from. The daily extremes were read at a weather cell whose ground is too far above or below the typical spot to correct for, and are not used.
Relative humidity at the habitat: 64 to 68% across the year (monthly means, median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA). A figure about the air, saying nothing about how the plant takes water.
How this section is made
Each card states this species' habitat figures with their sources, and what two fixed rules read from them; nothing here says what the plant does, wants or tolerates. The rules · the terms.
Seasons. Read from the median year of CHELSA monthly rainfall and mean temperature across the grid cells of the range: the rain rule takes the smallest set of months carrying 70% of the rain and calls it winter when its mean is more than half a degree below the year's, summer when more than that above, and neither in between; the temperature rule, used only under 120 mm, names the cooler six months when they are at least a degree cooler than the other six. Months are shifted for the other hemisphere only where the temperature curve moves 4 °C or more and the habitat lies 10° or more from the equator. A reading of the curves, not an observation of the plant.
Rain. CHELSA monthly precipitation, median year across the grid cells of the range. The rain that falls where the species is recorded; nothing about how the plant takes water.
Light. CHELSA shortwave radiation at each envelope cell, a daily-mean flux taken to a daily total and converted at 2.07 mol of PAR per MJ. The sky over the habitat, measured; what reaches a plant under a rock, a shrub or a shade cloth is not.
Temperature. CHELSA monthly means, median year across the grid cells of the range. No cold floor is read without a daily extremes series; the coldest month's mean nightly low named in its sentence is not one. Not a measured survival limit for any plant in a pot.
Humidity. CHELSA relative humidity, median year across the grid cells of the range.
Group. Listed under the family Polypodiaceae in the archetype table, and Kew describes it as “rhizomatous geophyte or epiphyte”. A group is taken only where Kew's description of the species agrees with the table's listing. The table gives no figure and no prose; the cold floor is the habitat's alone.
Climate across the habitat
Habitat months, northern hemisphere
Mean daily high from 10 °C in Jan to 22 °C in Jul; mean nightly low from 3 °C in Jan to 15 °C in Jul and Aug. The cold quarter, Dec to Feb, is the three months around the coldest month's mean nightly low. 3,260 mm of rain in the median year (the twelve monthly medians added), the wettest month Sep. The bands show the 10th to 90th percentile across 68 habitat cells. Beneath: daily light integral and relative humidity through the year, each on its own scale.
Figures by month
| Figure | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Day °C | 10 / 6–13 | 11 / 8–14 | 14 / 11–17 | 17 / 14–20 | 19 / 16–23 | 21 / 18–24 | 22 / 18–26 | 21 / 18–25 | 20 / 17–24 | 18 / 14–21 | 15 / 11–18 | 11 / 7–14 |
| Night °C | 3 / -1–6 | 4 / 1–7 | 7 / 3–10 | 10 / 7–13 | 13 / 9–16 | 14 / 11–18 | 15 / 11–19 | 15 / 11–19 | 14 / 10–17 | 12 / 8–15 | 8 / 5–12 | 4 / 1–8 |
| Rain mm | 88 / 57–161 | 167 / 92–195 | 176 / 137–207 | 213 / 180–276 | 356 / 266–505 | 460 / 307–647 | 432 / 272–627 | 467 / 229–700 | 485 / 142–579 | 227 / 123–367 | 107 / 58–182 | 82 / 46–131 |
| DLI | 17 / 14–22 | 19 / 16–24 | 25 / 20–30 | 29 / 25–32 | 30 / 28–31 | 31 / 28–33 | 35 / 31–37 | 32 / 29–33 | 28 / 25–29 | 24 / 19–27 | 19 / 17–23 | 17 / 14–21 |
| RH % | 64 / 59–71 | 66 / 62–71 | 65 / 61–69 | 65 / 62–69 | 66 / 63–69 | 66 / 64–69 | 65 / 63–68 | 67 / 64–70 | 68 / 64–71 | 67 / 61–73 | 66 / 59–73 | 65 / 57–72 |
The daily extremes were not used: the correction for elevation, +1169 m, is beyond the 1,000 m either way that a lapse rate is applied over, so the weather cell's ground is other terrain than the typical spot's. So no cold floor is read for this species, and the coldest month's mean nightly low is not taken as one. What that cell gave, so corrected, over 44 years: absolute minimum -6.1 °C, 1st-percentile night -1.2 °C.
How this section is made
Natural habitat
How this section is made
Photographs
Photographs: (c) 祐, some rights reserved (CC BY) (2); (c) 許文俊, some rights reserved (CC BY-SA) (2); (c) Jaw-Jian La, some rights reserved (CC BY) (2).
Related
Similar habitat climate The 6 nearest by mean daily high, mean nightly low and rain, month by month. How.
Ellisiophyllum pinnatum Pinnate Ellisiophyllum Photo: CC BY, 葉淑蓮
Goniophlebium amoenum Polypodiaceae Photo: CC BY, Yu-Chang Chen
Strobilanthes wallichii Kashmir Acanthus Photo: CC BY, 呂一起(Lyu yi-chi)
Pseudognaphalium adnatum Asteraceae Photo: CC BY, chrisdt
Rhododendron noriakianum Ericaceae Photo: CC BY, 曾昱承 Yu-Cheng Zeng Cyrtosia lindleyana Orchidaceae Other Pyrrosia 23 in the reference
Pyrrosia abbreviata Polypodiaceae Photo: CC BY, Nina Kerr
Pyrrosia adnascens Close-growing Pyrrosia Photo: CC BY, Denys Vynokurov
Pyrrosia angustata Polypodiaceae Photo: CC0, author not stated
Pyrrosia christii Polypodiaceae Photo: CC0, Dinkum
Pyrrosia confluens Horseshoe Felt Fern Photo: CC BY-SA, Greg Tasney Pyrrosia costata Polypodiaceae 
Pyrrosia distichocarpa Polypodiaceae Photo: Public domain, Daderot Pyrrosia drakeana Polypodiaceae 
Pyrrosia eleagnifolia Leather-leaf fern Photo: CC BY, William Harland Pyrrosia glabra Polypodiaceae 
Pyrrosia hastata Three-finger tongue fern Photo: CC BY, Licheng Shih
Pyrrosia lanceolata Lanceleaf Tongue Fern Photo: CC BY, Nina Kerr all 24 ›Names & registers
Also known as Cyclophorus drakeanus f. maximus; Cyclophorus grandissimus; Cyclophorus inaequalis; Cyclophorus sheareri; Cyclophorus sheareri f. maxima and 5 more. (GBIF Backbone)
The record
Every figure here is derived from public data by a stated rule and names its source; nothing about this species is written for its page by a person or by AI, apart from the marked, credited quotations. How →
Where this page came from built 2026-10-22
gbif.species answeredasked 2026-10-22gbif.synonyms answeredasked 2026-10-22gbif.vernacular answeredasked 2026-10-22names fetched 2026-10-22wcvp.distribution answeredas of 2026-06-04gbif.occurrences answeredas of 2026-10-21GBIF occurrence download https://doi.org/10.15468/dl.hbdw64, of 2026-10-21climate answeredasked 2026-10-22climate.extremes answeredasked 2026-10-22NASA POWER (MERRA-2) daily 1981–2024, cell 23.50_121.250, lapse-corrected +1169 m at 6.5 °C/km; read, and set aside: the correction for elevation, +1169 m, is beyond the 1,000 m either way that a lapse rate is applied over, so the weather cell's ground is other terrain than the typical spot's, so no cold floor is shownwikidata answeredasked 2026-10-22wikipedia nothing to reportasked 2026-10-22inat.photos.wild answeredasked 2026-10-22from iNaturalist's open data of 2026-09-27: research-grade observations with an open-licence photograph, the 24 whose photographs iNaturalist received last (the open data holds no votes); filled 2026-10-22inat.photos.cultivated not askedgbif.media answeredasked 2026-10-22openalex not askednot yet asked for this reference; a later fill takes the papers from OpenAlex's snapshotEvery source is recorded as having answered, reported nothing, refused, failed, not been asked, or answered twice where one answer is taken (“not taken: two items answered”), and, for a source asked when this page was built, when: the figures are as the source held them that day; a source read from a file (Kew's World Checklist, a GBIF download) says "as of" the file's day instead; a row carried from an earlier build of the page names that build instead. Only “nothing to report” is ever shown as an absence. Records came from 34 datasets via GBIF.org; each carries its own licence.