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Rosa villosa; photograph (c) Katrin Simon, some rights reserved (CC BY) CC BY(c) Katrin Simon, some rights reserved (CC BY) · observed growing wild · 2026-08-25

Rosa villosa L.

Apple Rose

Rosaceae · Sweden, Austria +25 · listed by its genus as a temperate garden plant

Cited as Kew's World Checklist cites it, Rosa villosa L.: GBIF's backbone key for this page carries the name with another author, (Nyár.) Ciocarlan.

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Rosa villosa, photograph (c) Katrin Simon, some rights reserved (CC BY)Rosa villosa, photograph (c) Katrin Simon, some rights reserved (CC BY)Rosa villosa, photograph (c) Katrin Simon, some rights reserved (CC BY)Rosa villosa, photograph (c) Katrin Simon, some rights reserved (CC BY)Rosa villosa, photograph (c) Katrin Simon, some rights reserved (CC BY)Rosa villosa, photograph (c) Katrin Simon, some rights reserved (CC BY) 80 photographs ›
Habitat figures
Cold floor (1 night in 100)
-18.7°C
Record low -27.1 °C in 44 years, at a typical spot in the range NASA POWER
Warmest month, mean daily high
22°C
Jul at the habitat CHELSA
Rain a year (median across the range)
882mm
12 months of 25 mm or more in the median year CHELSA
Open-sky light
5–36DLI
Lowest to highest month (DLI) CHELSA
The year in your months, northern hemisphere
  1. Jan
  2. Feb
  3. Mar
  4. Apr
  5. May
  6. Jun
  7. Jul
  8. Aug
  9. Sep
  10. Oct
  11. Nov
  12. Dec
Rain spread: 70% of the median year's rain takes 8 months, so no short rainy season. rain rule, CHELSA
Northern hemisphere unless you set your site. The chart is in the habitat's months.

Summary

Rosa villosa, the apple rose, is a species of rose. It was described in 1753.

Quoted from Wikipedia, "Rosa villosa", CC BY-SA 4.0.

Cultivation

Grouped as a temperate garden plant, listed under the genus Rosa in the archetype table, and Kew describes it as “shrub”, “temperate”.

Seasons

The rain rule reads no short rainy season: 70% of the median year's rain (631 mm of 878 mm) takes 8 months, May to December. Mean temperature moves 20.0 °C between the warmest and coldest month. Months are the habitat's, northern hemisphere; shifted six months for a southern-hemisphere collection: November to June.

Rain

878 mm in the median year at the habitat, 631 mm of it May to December. Wettest months (3 at 82 mm), driest month February at 56 mm. Across the grid cells of the range the year's total runs 607 mm to 1,729 mm, the 10th to 90th percentile of each cell's own year. The median of the cells' own yearly totals, 882 mm, is the year's rain at the top of the page; the 878 mm here is the median year's, the twelve monthly medians added, which the rain rule reads. Habitat calendar, northern hemisphere; median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA.

Light

Open sky over the habitat: 5 to 36 mol/m²/day across the year (daily light integral, median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA; the lowest 10th-percentile month across the cells is 2, the highest 90th-percentile month 42).

Warmth and air
Temperature

Coldest: the 1st-percentile night over 44 years at a typical spot in the range is -18.7 °C, the absolute minimum -27.1 °C, 5,561 frost nights in 44 years, 126.4 a year (NASA POWER daily minima). Warmest: the 99th-percentile day is 27.5 °C. Monthly means: the coldest month's mean nightly low -5.5 °C in January (across the grid cells of the range -13.1 °C to 1.0 °C), the warmest month's mean daily high 21.8 °C in July (median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA). Cold floor: -18.7 °C, which is the 1st-percentile night over 44 years at a typical spot in the range (NASA POWER).

Humidity

Relative humidity at the habitat: 60 to 67% across the year (monthly means, median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA). A figure about the air, saying nothing about how the plant takes water.

How this section is made

Each card states this species' habitat figures with their sources, and what two fixed rules read from them; nothing here says what the plant does, wants or tolerates. The rules · the terms.

Seasons. Read from the median year of CHELSA monthly rainfall and mean temperature across the grid cells of the range: the rain rule takes the smallest set of months carrying 70% of the rain and calls it winter when its mean is more than half a degree below the year's, summer when more than that above, and neither in between; the temperature rule, used only under 120 mm, names the cooler six months when they are at least a degree cooler than the other six. Months are shifted for the other hemisphere only where the temperature curve moves 4 °C or more and the habitat lies 10° or more from the equator. A reading of the curves, not an observation of the plant.

Rain. CHELSA monthly precipitation, median year across the grid cells of the range. The rain that falls where the species is recorded; nothing about how the plant takes water.

Light. CHELSA shortwave radiation at each envelope cell, a daily-mean flux taken to a daily total and converted at 2.07 mol of PAR per MJ. The sky over the habitat, measured; what reaches a plant under a rock, a shrub or a shade cloth is not.

Temperature. NASA POWER daily minima and maxima over 44 years at a typical spot in the range, lapse-corrected -64 m to its elevation; CHELSA monthly means, median year across the grid cells of the range. The cold floor is the 1st-percentile night named in its sentence. Not a measured survival limit for any plant in a pot.

Humidity. CHELSA relative humidity, median year across the grid cells of the range.

Group. Listed under the genus Rosa in the archetype table, and Kew describes it as “shrub”, “temperate”. A group is taken only where Kew's description of the species agrees with the table's listing. The table gives no figure and no prose; the cold floor is the habitat's alone.

Climate across the habitat

Habitat months, northern hemisphere

Habitat climate of Rosa villosa through the yearWarmest month July, mean daily high 22 °C; coldest month January, mean nightly low -5.5 °C; 878 mm of rain in the median year (the twelve monthly medians added). Medians across the range, from CHELSA; the extremes at the edge from NASA POWER. Habitat months, northern hemisphere.-30°-20°-10°0°10°20°30°frost27.5° 99th-percentile day, NASA POWER-27.1° lowest night in 44 years, NASA POWER°C · day and nightcold quarter050100150200mm rainDLI 5–36RH 60–67%JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
day night rain medians and 10th–90th percentile across 1041 habitat cells, CHELSA cold quarter: the three months around the coldest month's mean nightly low extremes over 44 years at a typical spot in the range, from NASA POWER, marked at the edge, in no month DLI, mol/m²/dayRH %each on its own scale
Figures by month
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Day °C0 / -5–61 / -5–75 / 0–1111 / 3–1416 / 8–1919 / 13–2222 / 16–2521 / 16–2417 / 12–2011 / 7–155 / 0–101 / -5–7
Night °C-6 / -13–1-5 / -12–1-2 / -9–32 / -5–58 / -1–1011 / 3–1314 / 6–1513 / 6–159 / 3–125 / -2–90 / -8–5-4 / -12–2
Rain mm69 / 40–12956 / 34–10965 / 33–12657 / 36–14373 / 45–17282 / 60–16982 / 59–17979 / 53–17975 / 54–15282 / 49–16878 / 47–15780 / 45–150
DLI7 / 3–1312 / 8–1920 / 16–2829 / 26–3635 / 32–3936 / 33–4135 / 33–4230 / 27–3622 / 17–2813 / 9–208 / 4–145 / 2–11
RH %67 / 57–7264 / 58–7062 / 58–6560 / 57–6360 / 56–6360 / 57–6360 / 56–6360 / 56–6362 / 59–6464 / 61–6667 / 60–7067 / 58–71
How this section is made
Each figure is the median across the 1041 grid cells on land that hold in-range records (1215 records in those cells; 5 more cells hold records but no land by the elevation layer, so those records sit at sea and the cells are left out), with the 10th–90th percentile span across those cells after the slash where it differs. A dash is a month one or more of those cells has no figure for in the grid (a variable CHELSA does not carry there), so no median is taken rather than one over fewer cells. Extremes and elevation were read at a typical spot in the range, cell 616:3903 (59.175, 15.175). Over 44 years there: absolute minimum -27.1 °C, 1st-percentile night -18.7 °C, 99th-percentile day 27.5 °C. Normals: CHELSA V2.1 1981–2010 climatology, 0.05° cells (each the mean of ~36 1 km pixels). Across the range: median and 10th–90th percentile of each month across the 1041 distinct grid cells holding 1215 of the 1220 in-range records (5 further cells with records at sea, by the elevation layer, left out); extremes and elevation at the typical cell 616:3903 (its coldest month's mean nightly low nearest the median across cells); its position is the cell centre. Extremes: NASA POWER (MERRA-2) daily 1981–2024, cell 59.00_15.000, lapse-corrected -64 m at 6.5 °C/km. Elevation: ETOPO 2022, 37 m (cell mean).

Natural habitat

Native range as published by WCVP; the marker is where the records are densest and decides nothing: the climate was read across the cells of the in-range records placed well enough to read one, not at the marker.
Openly licensed records inside the range, framed on where they fall.
NativeSweden, Austria, Belgium, Czechoslovakia, Germany, Hungary, Netherlands, Poland, Switzerland, France, Spain, Albania, Bulgaria, Greece, Italy, Romania, Yugoslavia, Belarus, Baltic States, Krym, Central European Russia, South European Russia, Northwest European Russia, Ukraine, North Caucasus, Transcaucasus, Turkey · introduced: Denmark, Great Britain, Ireland, Norway, New York · regions are the level-3 units of the World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, as Kew's World Checklist records ranges, some under historical names such as Yugoslavia or Czechoslovakia (how).
Map marker46.164, 7.342 · in the densest population, 670 records (44% of those in range)
Doubtfully present inBaleares · recorded by WCVP as doubtfully present: not part of the range records are tested against
Kew's description“shrub” · “temperate” · quoted from WCVP, RBG Kew (CC BY 4.0); not derived here
Evidence usedThe map marker rests on all 1530 georeferenced records inside the native range; the climate across the range on the 1215 of them in the land cells it reads, of 1220 placed to within 10 km; the map shows only the 882 openly licensed ones, which alone would put the marker 54 km away. 158 records outside the WCVP native range not used. 310 in-range records are placed to worse than 10 km, or with no stated accuracy (admitted only as a person's observation to three decimals), and stay on the map but off the climate.
Other GBIF keysRecords also from GBIF's key 3002169 (Rosa villosa L.): Kew's file holds it as Rosa villosa L. (accepted); 896 records, from GBIF's search API on the day of the build.
How this section is made
The map marker: the openly licensed record nearest the middle of the densest 1° population inside the densest 4° block of the 1530 in-range records; it decides nothing. Records outside the native range, living specimens and records marked introduced are not used; which records count.

Photographs

Rosa villosa, photograph 1did not loadRosa villosa, photograph 2did not loadRosa villosa, photograph 3did not loadRosa villosa, photograph 4did not loadRosa villosa, photograph 5did not loadRosa villosa, photograph 6did not load

Photographs: (c) Katrin Simon, some rights reserved (CC BY) (6).

Similar habitat climate The 6 nearest by mean daily high, mean nightly low and rain, month by month. How.

Melica nutans Melica nutans Mountain melick Photo: CC BY, Мирослав СоболевCarex digitata Carex digitata Fingered Sedge Photo: CC BY, snaily_nailyCarex pallescens Carex pallescens Pale sedge Photo: CC BY, Oleksandr ShynderRhinanthus major Rhinanthus major Orobanchaceae Photo: CC BY, Maxim ShashkovMonotropa hypopitys Monotropa hypopitys Ericaceae Photo: CC BY, Bernd HaynoldPicea abies Picea abies Norway spruce Photo: CC BY, Марина Давлетшина

Other Rosa 126 in the reference

Rosa abietina Rosa abietina Needle rose Photo: CC BY-SA, michele barrereRosa abyssinica Rosa abyssinica Abyssinian rose Photo: CC BY, Jacky JudasRosa acicularis Rosa acicularis Prickly rose Photo: CC BY, Syd CanningsRosa agrestis Rosa agrestis Small-leaved Sweet-briar Photo: CC BY, Bobo-XRosa × alba Rosa × alba White rose of York Photo: CC BY, jamie-aaRosa alberti Rosa alberti Rosaceae Photo: CC BY, Alexander DubyninRosa amblyotis Rosa amblyotis Rosaceae Photo: CC BY-SA, Salicyna Rosa × andegavensis Rosaceae Rosa arkansana Rosa arkansana Prairie rose Photo: CC0, author not statedRosa arvensis Rosa arvensis Field rose Photo: CC BY, David SandlerRosa balsamica Rosa balsamica Round-leaved dog-rose Photo: CC BY-SA, Andrea MoroRosa banksiae Rosa banksiae Banksian rose Photo: CC BY, Janetmhm all 127 ›

Names & registers

Also known as Rubus tomentosus var. villosus. (GBIF Backbone)

GBIFPOWOIPNIWFOWikidataWikipediaiNaturalist

The record

Family
Rosaceae
Described by
L.
Native to
Sweden, Austria, Belgium +24
Wild records
1530 in range · 882 open

Every figure here is derived from public data by a stated rule and names its source; nothing about this species is written for its page by a person or by AI, apart from the marked, credited quotations. How →

Where this page came from built 2026-10-22
GBIF species record gbif.species answeredasked 2026-10-22GBIF's key 12205752 is Rosa villosa (Nyár.) Ciocarlan; the page links Kew's Rosa villosa L., and the name is cited as Kew cites it
GBIF synonyms gbif.synonyms answeredasked 2026-10-22
GBIF common names gbif.vernacular answeredasked 2026-10-22names fetched 2026-10-22
WCVP native range wcvp.distribution answeredas of 2026-06-04
GBIF occurrence records gbif.occurrences answeredasked 2026-10-22GBIF occurrence download https://doi.org/10.15468/dl.hbdw64, of 2026-10-21; 896 records of GBIF's key 3002169, Rosa villosa L. (Kew's file holds it as Rosa villosa L. (accepted)): GBIF occurrence search API; 40 records within 1 km of a botanic garden, herbarium or zoo left out (27 at a botanic garden or arboretum, 1 at a herbarium, 12 at a zoo; Wikidata's list)
Habitat climate climate answeredasked 2026-10-22
Daily extremes (NASA POWER) climate.extremes answeredasked 2026-10-22NASA POWER (MERRA-2) daily 1981–2024, cell 59.00_15.000, lapse-corrected -64 m at 6.5 °C/km
Wikidata wikidata answeredasked 2026-10-22found by its label; its IPNI identifier 734665-1 is Kew's for Rosa villosa L.
Wikipedia wikipedia answeredasked 2026-10-22
iNaturalist photographs, wild inat.photos.wild answeredasked 2026-10-22from iNaturalist's open data of 2026-09-27: research-grade observations with an open-licence photograph, the 24 whose photographs iNaturalist received last (the open data holds no votes); filled 2026-10-22
iNaturalist photographs, cultivated inat.photos.cultivated not asked
GBIF media gbif.media answeredasked 2026-10-22read from the page's key and its other keys: 153 from GBIF's key 3002169
OpenAlex papers openalex not askednot yet asked for this reference; a later fill takes the papers from OpenAlex's snapshot

Every source is recorded as having answered, reported nothing, refused, failed, not been asked, or answered twice where one answer is taken (“not taken: two items answered”), and, for a source asked when this page was built, when: the figures are as the source held them that day; a source read from a file (Kew's World Checklist, a GBIF download) says "as of" the file's day instead; a row carried from an earlier build of the page names that build instead. Only “nothing to report” is ever shown as an absence. Records came from 48 datasets via GBIF.org; each carries its own licence.

Cultifolio

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