Salix × fragilis L.
Crack willow; Brittle willow; Hybrid crack willow; Hybrid White Willow
A hybrid: S. alba × S. euxina, the parents Kew's World Checklist states for it (WCVP, RBG Kew).
No habitat climate
24 photographs › Cultivation
Nothing derived: no habitat climate for this species.
Climate across the habitat
No habitat climate can be derived: No georeferenced record inside the range.
Natural habitat
Native range as published by WCVP.
No openly licensed record to show inside the range.
NativeTurkey · introduced: Denmark, Finland, Great Britain, Ireland, Norway, Sweden, Austria, Belgium, Czechoslovakia, Germany, Hungary, Netherlands, Poland, Switzerland, Baleares, Corse, France, Portugal, Sardegna, Spain, Albania, Bulgaria, Greece, Italy, Romania, Sicilia, Turkey-in-Europe, Yugoslavia, Belarus, Baltic States, Krym, Central European Russia, East European Russia, North European Russia, South European Russia, Northwest European Russia, Ukraine, Algeria, Egypt, Azores, Canary Is., Cape Provinces, Lesotho, KwaZulu-Natal, Free State, Primorye, Kazakhstan, Kirgizistan, Turkmenistan, Tadzhikistan, Uzbekistan, North Caucasus, Transcaucasus, Afghanistan, Cyprus, East Aegean Is., Iran, Lebanon-Syria, Inner Mongolia, Manchuria, Mongolia, Japan, Korea, India, Nepal, Pakistan, New South Wales, Northern Territory, Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria, Western Australia, New Zealand North, New Zealand South, Alaska, Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, Saskatchewan, New Brunswick, Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Prince Edward I., Québec, Colorado, Idaho, Oregon, Washington, Wyoming, Illinois, Iowa, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, South Dakota, Wisconsin, Connecticut, Indiana, Maine, Massachusetts, Michigan, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Rhode I., Vermont, West Virginia, Arizona, California, Nevada, Utah, New Mexico, Arkansas, Delaware, Georgia, Kentucky, Maryland, Tennessee, Virginia, District of Columbia, Argentina Northeast, Argentina South, Argentina Northwest, Uruguay · regions are the level-3 units of the World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, as Kew's World Checklist records ranges, some under historical names such as Yugoslavia or Czechoslovakia (how).
Kew's description“tree” · “temperate” · quoted from WCVP, RBG Kew (CC BY 4.0); not derived here
Evidence usedNo georeferenced record lies inside the stated native range, and all 680 georeferenced records read lie outside it: the range and the records disagree. They are not used, and no map marker or climate is derived from them.
Other GBIF keysRecords also from GBIF's key 3803953 (Oisodix ×decipiens Raf.): Kew's file holds it as Oisodix × decipiens Raf. (illegitimate under Salix × fragilis L.); 0 records, from GBIF's search API on the day of the build.Records also from GBIF's key 5583784 (Salix ×decipiens Hoffm.): Kew's file holds it as Salix × decipiens Hoffm. (illegitimate under Salix × fragilis L.); 1 record, from GBIF's search API on the day of the build.Records also from GBIF's key 7858857 (Salix ×pendula Ser.): Kew's file holds it as Salix × pendula Ser. (illegitimate under Salix × fragilis L.); 0 records, from GBIF's search API on the day of the build.Records also from GBIF's key 9270666 (Salix fragilis subsp. pendula (Ser.) Bonnier & Layens): Kew's file holds it as Salix × fragilis subsp. pendula Bonnier & Layens (invalid under Salix × fragilis L.); 18 records, from GBIF's search API on the day of the build.
Photographs
Photographs: Peter de Lange, CC0, iNaturalist via GBIF (4); Георгий Виноградов (Georgy Vinogradov), CC BY, iNaturalist via GBIF (2).
Related
Other Salix 159 in the reference
Salix acmophylla Common Middle East willow Photo: CC BY, Nachman bones
Salix acutifolia Siberian violet-willow Photo: CC0, author not stated
Salix aegyptiaca Salicaceae Photo: Public domain, Daderot Salix aeruginosa Salicaceae Salix alatavica Salicaceae 
Salix alaxensis Felt-leaf willow Photo: CC BY, Ingvild Riska
Salix alba White willow Photo: CC BY, Codrin Bucur
Salix alpina Salicaceae Photo: CC0, author not stated
Salix amygdaloides Peach-leaf willow Photo: CC0, author not stated
Salix apennina Large-leaved willow Photo: CC BY, Milan Chytrý
Salix apoda Salicaceae Photo: CC BY, Dmitriy Bochkov
Salix appendiculata Salicaceae Photo: CC BY, Tom and T Herman all 160 ›Names & registers
Also known as Psatherips fragilis; Salix fragilis f. bullata; Salix fragilis f. comosa; Salix fragilis f. subglabrisquamis; Salix fragilis f. sublaxiflora and 23 more. (GBIF Backbone)
Under another author Salix alba x euxina and Salix alba x fragilis and Salix alba × euxina and Salix alba × fragilis is an older name of this species, not Salix alba, a species of the reference. (GBIF Backbone)
The record
Family
Salicaceae
Described by
L.
Native to
Turkey
Wild records
none in range · 680 outside it
Every figure here is derived from public data by a stated rule and names its source; nothing about this species is written for its page by a person or by AI, apart from the marked, credited quotations. How →
Where this page came from built 2026-10-22
GBIF species record
gbif.species answeredasked 2026-10-22GBIF synonyms
gbif.synonyms answeredasked 2026-10-22GBIF common names
gbif.vernacular answeredasked 2026-10-22names fetched 2026-10-22WCVP native range
wcvp.distribution answeredas of 2026-06-04GBIF occurrence records
gbif.occurrences answeredasked 2026-10-22GBIF occurrence search API; 0 records of GBIF's key 3803953, Oisodix ×decipiens Raf. (Kew's file holds it as Oisodix × decipiens Raf. (illegitimate under Salix × fragilis L.)): GBIF occurrence search API; 1 record of GBIF's key 5583784, Salix ×decipiens Hoffm. (Kew's file holds it as Salix × decipiens Hoffm. (illegitimate under Salix × fragilis L.)): GBIF occurrence search API; 0 records of GBIF's key 7858857, Salix ×pendula Ser. (Kew's file holds it as Salix × pendula Ser. (illegitimate under Salix × fragilis L.)): GBIF occurrence search API; 18 records of GBIF's key 9270666, Salix fragilis subsp. pendula (Ser.) Bonnier & Layens (Kew's file holds it as Salix × fragilis subsp. pendula Bonnier & Layens (invalid under Salix × fragilis L.)): GBIF occurrence search API; 19 records within 1 km of a botanic garden, herbarium or zoo left out (9 at a botanic garden or arboretum, 1 at a herbarium, 9 at a zoo; Wikidata's list)Habitat climate
climate nothing to reportasked 2026-10-22no georeferenced record inside the rangeWikidata
wikidata answeredasked 2026-10-22Wikipedia
wikipedia nothing to reportasked 2026-10-22iNaturalist photographs, wild
inat.photos.wild nothing to reportasked 2026-10-22from iNaturalist's open data of 2026-09-27: research-grade observations with an open-licence photograph, the 24 whose photographs iNaturalist received last (the open data holds no votes); filled 2026-10-22iNaturalist photographs, cultivated
inat.photos.cultivated not askedGBIF media
gbif.media answeredasked 2026-10-22OpenAlex papers
openalex not askednot yet asked for this reference; a later fill takes the papers from OpenAlex's snapshotEvery source is recorded as having answered, reported nothing, refused, failed, not been asked, or answered twice where one answer is taken (“not taken: two items answered”), and, for a source asked when this page was built, when: the figures are as the source held them that day; a source read from a file (Kew's World Checklist, a GBIF download) says "as of" the file's day instead; a row carried from an earlier build of the page names that build instead. Only “nothing to report” is ever shown as an absence. Records came from 21 datasets via GBIF.org; each carries its own licence.