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Salvia canescens; photograph (c) Yuri Sofronov, some rights reserved (CC BY) CC BY(c) Yuri Sofronov, some rights reserved (CC BY) · observed growing wild · 2025-05-17

Salvia canescens C.A.Mey.

Hoary Salvia

Lamiaceae · North Caucasus, Transcaucasus · listed by its genus as a temperate garden plant

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Salvia canescens, photograph (c) Stanislav Murashkin, some rights reserved (CC BY)Salvia canescens, photograph (c) Stanislav Murashkin, some rights reserved (CC BY)Salvia canescens, photograph (c) Maria Khoreva, some rights reserved (CC BY)Salvia canescens, photograph (c) Yuri Sofronov, some rights reserved (CC BY)Salvia canescens, photograph (c) Yuri Sofronov, some rights reserved (CC BY)Salvia canescens, photograph (c) Yuri Sofronov, some rights reserved (CC BY) 44 photographs ›
Habitat figures
Cold floor (1 night in 100)
-15.1°C
Record low -25.3 °C in 44 years, at a typical spot in the range NASA POWER
Warmest month, mean daily high
22°C
Jul and Aug at the habitat CHELSA
Rain a year (median across the range)
767mm
10 months of 25 mm or more in the median year CHELSA
Open-sky light
11–37DLI
Lowest to highest month (DLI) CHELSA
The year in your months, northern hemisphere
  1. Jan
  2. Feb
  3. Mar
  4. Apr
  5. May
  6. Jun
  7. Jul
  8. Aug
  9. Sep
  10. Oct
  11. Nov
  12. Dec
Wet summers: the rain comes April to September, read as a summer growing season. rain rule, CHELSA
Northern hemisphere unless you set your site. The chart is in the habitat's months.

Summary

Salvia canescens, also known as the hoary sage, is a herbaceous perennial that is endemic to the Caucasus Mountains. The specific epithet, canescens, refers to the off-white hairs covering the leaves.

Quoted from Wikipedia, "Salvia canescens", CC BY-SA 4.0.

About the genus · Salvia

Salvia is the largest genus of plants in the sage family Lamiaceae, with just under 1,000 species of shrubs, herbaceous perennials, and annuals. Within the Lamiaceae, Salvia is part of the tribe Mentheae within the subfamily Nepetoideae. One of several genera commonly referred to as sage, it includes two widely used herbs, Salvia officinalis and Salvia rosmarinus.

Quoted from Wikipedia, "Salvia", CC BY-SA 4.0.

Cultivation

Grouped as a temperate garden plant, listed under the genus Salvia in the archetype table, and Kew describes it as “subshrub”, “temperate”.

Seasons

The rain rule reads a summer growing season: 70% of the median year's rain (572 mm of 779 mm) falls in April to September, warmer than the year (wet-season mean 13.5 °C against a yearly mean of 6.5 °C). Months are the habitat's, northern hemisphere; shifted six months for a southern-hemisphere collection: October to March.

Rain

779 mm in the median year at the habitat, 572 mm of it April to September. Wettest month June at 127 mm, driest months (2 at 24 mm). Across the grid cells of the range the year's total runs 571 mm to 1,299 mm, the 10th to 90th percentile of each cell's own year. The median of the cells' own yearly totals, 767 mm, is the year's rain at the top of the page; the 779 mm here is the median year's, the twelve monthly medians added, which the rain rule reads. Habitat calendar, northern hemisphere; median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA.

Light

Open sky over the habitat: 11 to 37 mol/m²/day across the year (daily light integral, median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA; the lowest 10th-percentile month across the cells is 9, the highest 90th-percentile month 39).

Warmth and air
Temperature

Coldest: the 1st-percentile night over 44 years at a typical spot in the range is -15.1 °C, the absolute minimum -25.3 °C, 5,813 frost nights in 44 years, 132.1 a year (NASA POWER daily minima). Warmest: the 99th-percentile day is 33.5 °C. Monthly means: the coldest month's mean nightly low -10.3 °C in January (across the grid cells of the range -13.3 °C to -5.6 °C), the warmest month's mean daily high 21.8 °C in July (median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA). Cold floor: -15.1 °C, which is the 1st-percentile night over 44 years at a typical spot in the range (NASA POWER).

Humidity

Relative humidity at the habitat: 58 to 63% across the year (monthly means, median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA). A figure about the air, saying nothing about how the plant takes water.

How this section is made

Each card states this species' habitat figures with their sources, and what two fixed rules read from them; nothing here says what the plant does, wants or tolerates. The rules · the terms.

Seasons. Read from the median year of CHELSA monthly rainfall and mean temperature across the grid cells of the range: the rain rule takes the smallest set of months carrying 70% of the rain and calls it winter when its mean is more than half a degree below the year's, summer when more than that above, and neither in between; the temperature rule, used only under 120 mm, names the cooler six months when they are at least a degree cooler than the other six. Months are shifted for the other hemisphere only where the temperature curve moves 4 °C or more and the habitat lies 10° or more from the equator. A reading of the curves, not an observation of the plant.

Rain. CHELSA monthly precipitation, median year across the grid cells of the range. The rain that falls where the species is recorded; nothing about how the plant takes water.

Light. CHELSA shortwave radiation at each envelope cell, a daily-mean flux taken to a daily total and converted at 2.07 mol of PAR per MJ. The sky over the habitat, measured; what reaches a plant under a rock, a shrub or a shade cloth is not.

Temperature. NASA POWER daily minima and maxima over 44 years at a typical spot in the range, lapse-corrected -172 m to its elevation; CHELSA monthly means, median year across the grid cells of the range. The cold floor is the 1st-percentile night named in its sentence. Not a measured survival limit for any plant in a pot.

Humidity. CHELSA relative humidity, median year across the grid cells of the range.

Group. Listed under the genus Salvia in the archetype table, and Kew describes it as “subshrub”, “temperate”. A group is taken only where Kew's description of the species agrees with the table's listing. The table gives no figure and no prose; the cold floor is the habitat's alone.

Climate across the habitat

Habitat months, northern hemisphere

Habitat climate of Salvia canescens through the yearWarmest months July and August, mean daily high 22 °C; coldest month January, mean nightly low -10.3 °C; 779 mm of rain in the median year (the twelve monthly medians added). Medians across the range, from CHELSA; the extremes at the edge from NASA POWER. Habitat months, northern hemisphere.-30°-20°-10°0°10°20°30°40°frost33.5° 99th-percentile day, NASA POWER-25.3° lowest night in 44 years, NASA POWER°C · day and nightcold quarter050100150200mm rainDLI 11–37RH 58–63%JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
day night rain medians and 10th–90th percentile across 137 habitat cells, CHELSA cold quarter: the three months around the coldest month's mean nightly low extremes over 44 years at a typical spot in the range, from NASA POWER, marked at the edge, in no month DLI, mol/m²/dayRH %each on its own scale
Figures by month
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Day °C1 / -3–31 / -3–45 / 1–811 / 6–1415 / 11–1919 / 16–2222 / 18–2522 / 18–2518 / 14–2113 / 10–167 / 3–92 / -2–5
Night °C-10 / -13–-6-9 / -12–-5-5 / -8–-21 / -3–45 / 2–910 / 6–1413 / 9–1712 / 9–179 / 5–133 / 0–7-3 / -7–0-8 / -11–-4
Rain mm24 / 16–5226 / 19–5040 / 31–7562 / 39–115105 / 75–156127 / 78–198103 / 67–16696 / 64–15779 / 59–11354 / 42–9639 / 27–7424 / 15–54
DLI13 / 11–1620 / 17–2327 / 24–3133 / 30–3635 / 34–3937 / 36–3937 / 36–3833 / 31–3525 / 23–2819 / 17–2214 / 11–1611 / 9–14
RH %58 / 56–6258 / 56–6359 / 57–6461 / 59–6362 / 60–6463 / 60–6563 / 60–6563 / 61–6663 / 60–6661 / 59–6559 / 56–6358 / 56–62
How this section is made
Each figure is the median across the 137 grid cells on land that hold in-range records (289 records in those cells; 1 more cell holds records but no land by the elevation layer, so those records sit at sea and the cell is left out), with the 10th–90th percentile span across those cells after the slash where it differs. A dash is a month one or more of those cells has no figure for in the grid (a variable CHELSA does not carry there), so no median is taken rather than one over fewer cells. Extremes and elevation were read at a typical spot in the range, cell 953:4543 (42.325, 47.175). Over 44 years there: absolute minimum -25.3 °C, 1st-percentile night -15.1 °C, 99th-percentile day 33.5 °C. Normals: CHELSA V2.1 1981–2010 climatology, 0.05° cells (each the mean of ~36 1 km pixels). Across the range: median and 10th–90th percentile of each month across the 137 distinct grid cells holding 289 of the 291 in-range records (1 further cell with records at sea, by the elevation layer, left out); extremes and elevation at the typical cell 953:4543 (its coldest month's mean nightly low nearest the median across cells); its position is the cell centre. Extremes: NASA POWER (MERRA-2) daily 1981–2024, cell 42.50_46.875, lapse-corrected -172 m at 6.5 °C/km. Elevation: ETOPO 2022, 1304 m (cell mean).

Natural habitat

Native range as published by WCVP; the marker is where the records are densest and decides nothing: the climate was read across the cells of the in-range records placed well enough to read one, not at the marker.
Openly licensed records inside the range, framed on where they fall.
NativeNorth Caucasus, Transcaucasus · regions are the level-3 units of the World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, as Kew's World Checklist records ranges, some under historical names such as Yugoslavia or Czechoslovakia (how).
Map marker42.519, 46.883 · in the densest population, 201 records (61% of those in range)
Kew's description“subshrub” · “temperate” · quoted from WCVP, RBG Kew (CC BY 4.0); not derived here
Evidence usedThe map marker rests on all 331 georeferenced records inside the native range; the climate across the range on the 289 of them in the land cells it reads, of 291 placed to within 10 km; the map shows only the 130 openly licensed ones, which alone would put the marker 9 km away. 1 record outside the WCVP native range not used. 40 in-range records are placed to worse than 10 km, or with no stated accuracy (admitted only as a person's observation to three decimals), and stay on the map but off the climate.
How this section is made
The map marker: the openly licensed record nearest the middle of the densest 1° population of the 331 in-range records; it decides nothing. Records outside the native range, living specimens and records marked introduced are not used; which records count.

Photographs

Salvia canescens, photograph 1did not loadSalvia canescens, photograph 2did not loadSalvia canescens, photograph 3did not loadSalvia canescens, photograph 4did not loadSalvia canescens, photograph 5did not loadSalvia canescens, photograph 6did not load

Photographs: (c) Stanislav Murashkin, some rights reserved (CC BY) (2); (c) Maria Khoreva, some rights reserved (CC BY); (c) Yuri Sofronov, some rights reserved (CC BY) (3).

Similar habitat climate The 6 nearest by mean daily high, mean nightly low and rain, month by month. How.

Gypsophila acutifolia Gypsophila acutifolia Caryophyllaceae Photo: CC BY, Наталья ПикаловаIris furcata Iris furcata Iridaceae Photo: CC BY, Илья Руденко Rosa iberica Rosaceae Vincetoxicum funebre Vincetoxicum funebre Apocynaceae Photo: CC BY, Konstantin GrebennikovPhysochlaina orientalis Physochlaina orientalis Solanaceae Photo: CC BY, нина рафаиловнаBerberis iberica Berberis iberica Berberidaceae Photo: CC BY, Todd Boland

Other Salvia 225 in the reference

Salvia abrotanoides Salvia abrotanoides Caspian Sage Photo: CC BY, Станислав ЧувановSalvia adenophora Salvia adenophora Oaxaca Red Sage Photo: CC BY-SA, Eugenio PadillaSalvia aethiopis Salvia aethiopis African sage Photo: CC BY, Aleksei BaushevSalvia africana Salvia africana African Blue Sage Photo: CC BY, Ryan RattraySalvia amethystina Salvia amethystina Lamiaceae Photo: CC BY, Nicolás Baresch UribeSalvia amplexicaulis Salvia amplexicaulis Lamiaceae Photo: CC BY, Zac PetersonSalvia angustiarum Salvia angustiarum Lamiaceae Photo: CC0, author not statedSalvia apiana Salvia apiana White sage Photo: CC BY, Trevor HardingSalvia argentea Salvia argentea Silver sage Photo: CC BY-SA, Jeanette ClarkeSalvia arizonica Salvia arizonica Desert indigo sage Photo: CC BY, Sam Kieschnick Salvia aucheri Waving Sage Salvia aurea Salvia aurea Brown Sage Photo: CC BY, jk6000 all 226 ›

Names & registers

Also known as Salvia dagestanica. (GBIF Backbone)

GBIFPOWOIPNIWFOWikidataWikipediaiNaturalist

The record

Family
Lamiaceae
Described by
C.A.Mey.
Native to
North Caucasus, Transcaucasus
Wild records
331 in range · 130 open

Every figure here is derived from public data by a stated rule and names its source; nothing about this species is written for its page by a person or by AI, apart from the marked, credited quotations. How →

Where this page came from built 2026-10-22
GBIF species record gbif.species answeredasked 2026-10-22
GBIF synonyms gbif.synonyms answeredasked 2026-10-22
GBIF common names gbif.vernacular answeredasked 2026-10-22names fetched 2026-10-22
WCVP native range wcvp.distribution answeredas of 2026-06-04
GBIF occurrence records gbif.occurrences answeredas of 2026-10-21GBIF occurrence download https://doi.org/10.15468/dl.hbdw64, of 2026-10-21; 2 records within 1 km of a botanic garden, herbarium or zoo left out (2 at a botanic garden or arboretum; Wikidata's list)
Habitat climate climate answeredasked 2026-10-22
Daily extremes (NASA POWER) climate.extremes answeredasked 2026-10-22NASA POWER (MERRA-2) daily 1981–2024, cell 42.50_46.875, lapse-corrected -172 m at 6.5 °C/km
Wikidata wikidata answeredasked 2026-10-22found by its label; its IPNI identifier 455879-1 is Kew's for Salvia canescens C.A.Mey.
Wikipedia wikipedia answeredasked 2026-10-22
iNaturalist photographs, wild inat.photos.wild answeredasked 2026-10-22from iNaturalist's open data of 2026-09-27: research-grade observations with an open-licence photograph, the 24 whose photographs iNaturalist received last (the open data holds no votes); filled 2026-10-22
iNaturalist photographs, cultivated inat.photos.cultivated not asked
GBIF media gbif.media answeredasked 2026-10-22
OpenAlex papers openalex not askednot yet asked for this reference; a later fill takes the papers from OpenAlex's snapshot

Every source is recorded as having answered, reported nothing, refused, failed, not been asked, or answered twice where one answer is taken (“not taken: two items answered”), and, for a source asked when this page was built, when: the figures are as the source held them that day; a source read from a file (Kew's World Checklist, a GBIF download) says "as of" the file's day instead; a row carried from an earlier build of the page names that build instead. Only “nothing to report” is ever shown as an absence. Records came from 11 datasets via GBIF.org; each carries its own licence.

Cultifolio

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