Spathoglottis plicata Blume
Kalae, Kalae se'ekukula, Niuniu kalae, Philippine Ground Orchid, èhi, vahane vao haoè
Every figure on this page is derived from public data by a stated rule and says its source; nothing here is written by a person or a model, except the Wikipedia passage, which is quoted and marked as such. How it is made.
Summary
Spathoglottis plicata, commonly known as the Philippine ground orchid, or large purple orchid is an evergreen, terrestrial plant with crowded pseudobulbs, three or four large, pleated leaves and up to forty resupinate, pink to purple flowers. It is found from tropical and subtropical Asia to Australia and the western Pacific including Tonga and Samoa.
Text from Wikipedia, “Spathoglottis plicata”, CC BY-SA 4.0, quoted as written. Kept separate from everything derived here.
About the genus · Spathoglottis
Spathoglottis, commonly known as purple orchids or 苞舌兰属 is a genus of about fifty species of orchids in the family Orchidaceae. They are evergreen terrestrial herbs with crowded pseudobulbs, a small number of leaves and medium-sized resupinate flowers on an upright flowering stem. The sepals and petals are all similar to each other and are white, yellow, pink or purple. More on Wikipedia ›
The opening of Wikipedia, “Spathoglottis”, CC BY-SA 4.0, quoted as written.
At a glance
Also known as Bletia angustata Gaudich., 1851; Bletia angustifolia Gaudich.; Calanthe poilanei Gagnep.; Paxtonia rosea Lindl.; Phaius rumphii Blume and 16 more.
Cultivation
Grouped as a orchid by Orchidaceae, which is usually but not always one kind of plant (archetype table). The table supplies one figure for this group, a conventional minimum for the cold floor, and no prose.
Its year Rain rule: no season, 70% of the rain takes 8 months (October to May at the habitat (not shifted)).
This species’ habitat figures, and what two fixed rules read from them.
The rain rule reads no season: 70% of the year's rain (1915 mm of 2673 mm) takes 8 months, October to May. Mean temperature moves 1.2 °C between the warmest and coldest month. Months are the habitat's, southern hemisphere; with a flat temperature curve there is no season to reverse, so they are not shifted for a collection elsewhere.
Read from the median year of CHELSA monthly rainfall and mean temperature across the envelope cells: the rain rule takes the smallest set of months carrying 70% of the rain and calls it winter when its mean is more than half a degree below the year's, summer when more than that above, and neither in between; the temperature rule, used only under 120 mm, names the cooler six months when they are at least a degree cooler than the other six. Months are shifted for the other hemisphere only where the temperature curve gives a season to reverse. A reading of the curves, not an observation of the plant.
Rain Habitat rain 2673 mm a year, wettest March at 263 mm, driest August at 180 mm (habitat calendar, southern hemisphere).
This species’ habitat figures, with their source.
2673 mm a year at the habitat, 1915 mm of it October to May. Wettest month March at 263 mm, driest August at 180 mm. Across the envelope cells the year's total runs 1655 mm to 4220 mm (10th to 90th percentile of each cell's own year) (median year across the envelope cells, CHELSA; habitat calendar, southern hemisphere).
CHELSA monthly precipitation, median year across the envelope cells. The rain that falls where the species is recorded; nothing about how the plant takes water.
Light Open sky over the habitat: 29 to 35 mol/m²/day.
This species’ habitat figures, with their source.
Open sky over the habitat: 29 to 35 mol/m²/day across the year (daily light integral, median year across the envelope cells, CHELSA; the lowest 10th-percentile month across the cells is 21, the highest 90th-percentile month 42).
CHELSA shortwave radiation at each envelope cell, a daily-mean flux taken to a daily total and converted at 2.07 mol of PAR per MJ. The sky over the habitat, measured; what reaches a plant under a rock, a shrub or a shade cloth is not.
Warmth and air Cold floor 18.0 °C (1st-percentile habitat night, NASA POWER).
This species’ habitat figures, with their source.
Coldest: the 1st-percentile night over 44 years at the typical cell is 18.0 °C, the absolute minimum 14.2 °C, no frost in 44 years (NASA POWER daily minima). Warmest: the 99th-percentile day is 29.3 °C. Monthly means: coldest night 21.3 °C in August (across the envelope cells 15.9 °C to 25.3 °C), warmest day 27.3 °C in February (median year across the envelope cells, CHELSA). Cold floor: 18.0 °C, which is the 1st-percentile night over 44 years at the typical cell (NASA POWER); the archetype table's minimum for a orchid, 13 °C, is lower and does not raise it.
NASA POWER daily minima and maxima 1981–2024 at the typical cell, lapse-corrected to its elevation; CHELSA monthly means, median year across the envelope cells, CHELSA. The cold floor is the figure named in its sentence, and the archetype table's group minimum where that is higher. Not a measured survival limit for any plant in a pot.
Relative humidity at the habitat: 66 to 68% across the year (monthly means, median year across the envelope cells, CHELSA). A figure about the air, saying nothing about how the plant takes water.
CHELSA relative humidity, median year across the envelope cells.
The figures the cards read from are in Climate below, and where they came from in Natural habitat.
Climate across the habitat
Figures by month
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Day °C | 27 / 23–29 | 27 / 23–30 | 27 / 24–30 | 27 / 24–30 | 27 / 23–30 | 27 / 22–29 | 26 / 21–29 | 26 / 21–29 | 27 / 22–29 | 27 / 23–29 | 27 / 24–29 | 27 / 23–29 |
| Night °C | 22 / 17–25 | 22 / 17–25 | 23 / 18–25 | 22 / 18–26 | 23 / 18–26 | 22 / 17–26 | 21 / 16–25 | 21 / 16–25 | 22 / 17–25 | 22 / 17–25 | 22 / 17–25 | 22 / 17–25 |
| Rain mm | 258 / 64–465 | 246 / 47–448 | 263 / 78–438 | 229 / 109–356 | 222 / 109–356 | 194 / 107–364 | 186 / 81–393 | 180 / 67–361 | 198 / 66–368 | 225 / 76–380 | 218 / 104–397 | 254 / 106–434 |
| DLI | 32 / 27–40 | 35 / 28–38 | 34 / 30–39 | 33 / 28–40 | 31 / 24–36 | 29 / 21–34 | 29 / 22–34 | 32 / 26–37 | 34 / 30–38 | 34 / 28–40 | 33 / 26–41 | 31 / 25–42 |
| RH % | 68 / 62–74 | 68 / 62–74 | 68 / 62–73 | 68 / 63–73 | 68 / 63–73 | 68 / 63–73 | 67 / 61–73 | 66 / 61–73 | 67 / 62–72 | 67 / 62–73 | 68 / 62–73 | 68 / 62–74 |
Each figure is the median across the 361 grid cells holding the 462 in-range records, with the 10th–90th percentile span across those cells after the slash where it differs. Extremes and elevation were read at the typical cell 1358:6031 (22.075, 121.575). Over 44 years there: absolute minimum 14.2 °C, 1st-percentile night 18.0 °C, 99th-percentile day 29.3 °C. Normals: CHELSA V2.1 1981–2010 climatology, 0.05° cells (each the mean of ~36 1 km pixels). Envelope: median and 10th–90th percentile of each month across the 361 distinct grid cells holding the 462 in-range records; extremes and elevation at the typical cell 1358:6031 (its coldest month's mean night nearest the median across cells); its position is the cell centre. Extremes: NASA POWER (MERRA-2) daily 1981–2024, cell 22.00_121.875, lapse-corrected +138 m at 6.5 °C/km. Elevation: ETOPO 2022, 138 m (cell mean).
Natural habitat
Photographs
Photographs: (c) Mochamad Firmansyah Agustio, some rights reserved (CC BY); no rights reserved · CC0 (3); (c) Jason Berger, some rights reserved (CC BY); (c) Michael Berardozzi, some rights reserved (CC BY) (3).
Photographs: iNaturalist did not answer when this page was built; what is shown came from the sources that did.
Papers naming this species
Works whose title or abstract names Spathoglottis plicata, most cited first, from OpenAlex (CC0). A mention, not a cultivation source: nothing on this page is drawn from them.
Related
Similar habitat climate the 6 species whose habitat climate is nearest this one's: mean day and night, month by month, and rain on a log scale, in calendar order, so a habitat with the same seasons six months out is far, not near. Nothing else counts: not range, not family.
Graptophyllum pictum Caricature-Plant Nepenthes neoguineensis Nepenthaceae Stephania salomonum Menispermaceae
Asplenium nidus Hawai'I Birdnest Fern Stephania zippeliana Menispermaceae
Nephrolepis biserrata NephrolepidaceaeOther Spathoglottis 1 in the reference
History & registers
Where this page came from built 2026-09-20 · dossier v2 · node
gbif.species answeredcarried from build of 2026-09-19 (offline re-derivation; the backbone was not asked)gbif.synonyms answeredcarried from build of 2026-09-19 (offline re-derivation; the backbone was not asked)gbif.vernacular answeredcarried from build of 2026-09-19 (offline re-derivation; the backbone was not asked)wcvp.distribution answeredgbif.occurrences answeredGBIF occurrence download https://doi.org/10.15468/dl.3h4zamclimate answeredwikidata answeredcarried from build of 2026-09-19 (rederive); that build: carried from build of 2026-09-19 (rederive)wikipedia answeredcarried from build of 2026-09-19; this build: skippedinat.taxon not askedinat.photos.wild answeredcarried from build of 2026-09-19; this build: skippedinat.photos.cultivated nothing to reportcarried from build of 2026-09-19 (rederive); that build: carried from build of 2026-09-19 (rederive)commons nothing to reportcarried from build of 2026-09-19 (rederive); that build: carried from build of 2026-09-19 (rederive)gbif.media answeredopenalex answeredcarried from build of 2026-09-19; this build: skippedEvery upstream is recorded as having answered, reported nothing, or refused. Only “nothing to report” is ever shown as an absence. Records came from 54 datasets via GBIF.org; each carries its own licence.








