At a glance
- Jan, shaded
- Feb, shaded
- Mar, shaded
- Apr
- May
- Jun
- Jul
- Aug
- Sep
- Oct
- Nov, shaded
- Dec, shaded
From few records: 8 records in 4 grid cells. The records.
Summary
Sternbergia vernalis is a bulbous flowering plant in the family Amaryllidaceae, subfamily Amaryllidoideae, which is sometimes used as an ornamental plant. It has yellow flowers which appear in spring. The species is native to central and southwestern Asia (Turkmenistan, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Iran, Iraq, Lebanon, Syria and Turkey).
Quoted from Wikipedia, "Sternbergia vernalis", CC BY-SA 4.0.
About the genus · Sternbergia
Sternbergia is a genus of Eurasian and North African plants in the Amaryllis family, subfamily Amaryllidoideae. The genus comprises eight recognised species that show a broad distribution throughout the Mediterranean Basin as well as central and southwestern Asia.
Quoted from Wikipedia, "Sternbergia", CC BY-SA 4.0.
Cultivation
Grouped as a bulb, tuber or caudex, listed under the genus Sternbergia in the archetype table, and Kew describes it as “bulbous geophyte”.
Seasons
The rain rule reads a rainy season and no growing season: 70% of the median year's rain (736 mm of 1,048 mm) falls in November to March, the cooler part of the year, but the mean nightly low is below freezing in February and March, so the rule reads no growing season from it. Months are the habitat's, northern hemisphere; shifted six months for a southern-hemisphere collection: May to September.
Rain
1,048 mm in the median year at the habitat, 736 mm of it November to March. Wettest month January at 158 mm, driest month July at 10 mm. Across the grid cells of the range the year's total runs 958 mm to 1,163 mm, the 10th to 90th percentile of each cell's own year. The median of the cells' own yearly totals, 1,005 mm, is the year's rain at the top of the page; the 1,048 mm here is the median year's, the twelve monthly medians added, which the rain rule reads. Habitat calendar, northern hemisphere; median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA.
Light
Open sky over the habitat: 14 to 48 mol/m²/day across the year (daily light integral, median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA; the lowest 10th-percentile month across the cells is 14, the highest 90th-percentile month 50).
Warmth and air
Coldest: the 1st-percentile night over 44 years at a typical spot in the range is -6.6 °C, the absolute minimum -9.3 °C, 2,194 frost nights in 44 years, 49.9 a year (NASA POWER daily minima). Warmest: the 99th-percentile day is 35.5 °C. Monthly means: the coldest month's mean nightly low -0.2 °C in January and February (across the grid cells of the range -3.0 °C to 1.0 °C), the warmest month's mean daily high 32.1 °C in August (median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA). Cold floor: -6.6 °C, which is the 1st-percentile night over 44 years at a typical spot in the range (NASA POWER).
Relative humidity at the habitat: 54 to 60% across the year (monthly means, median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA). A figure about the air, saying nothing about how the plant takes water.
How this section is made
Each card states this species' habitat figures with their sources, and what two fixed rules read from them; nothing here says what the plant does, wants or tolerates. The rules · the terms.
Seasons. Read from the median year of CHELSA monthly rainfall and mean temperature across the grid cells of the range: the rain rule takes the smallest set of months carrying 70% of the rain and calls it winter when its mean is more than half a degree below the year's, summer when more than that above, and neither in between; the temperature rule, used only under 120 mm, names the cooler six months when they are at least a degree cooler than the other six. Months are shifted for the other hemisphere only where the temperature curve moves 4 °C or more and the habitat lies 10° or more from the equator. A reading of the curves, not an observation of the plant.
Rain. CHELSA monthly precipitation, median year across the grid cells of the range. The rain that falls where the species is recorded; nothing about how the plant takes water.
Light. CHELSA shortwave radiation at each envelope cell, a daily-mean flux taken to a daily total and converted at 2.07 mol of PAR per MJ. The sky over the habitat, measured; what reaches a plant under a rock, a shrub or a shade cloth is not.
Temperature. NASA POWER daily minima and maxima over 44 years at a typical spot in the range, lapse-corrected +610 m to its elevation; CHELSA monthly means, median year across the grid cells of the range. The cold floor is the 1st-percentile night named in its sentence. Not a measured survival limit for any plant in a pot.
Humidity. CHELSA relative humidity, median year across the grid cells of the range.
Group. Listed under the genus Sternbergia in the archetype table, and Kew describes it as “bulbous geophyte”. A group is taken only where Kew's description of the species agrees with the table's listing. The table gives no figure and no prose; the cold floor is the habitat's alone.
Climate across the habitat
From few records: this habitat climate is read from 8 records in 4 grid cells; a page says so under 12 records or 5 cells, and shows the figures as read.
Habitat months, northern hemisphere
Mean daily high from 8 °C in Jan to 32 °C in Jul and Aug; mean nightly low from 0 °C in Jan and Feb to 19 °C in Jul and Aug. The cold quarter, Dec to Feb, is the three months around the coldest month's mean nightly low, centred on the 2 months in a row that tie for it. 1,048 mm of rain in the median year (the twelve monthly medians added), the wettest month Jan. The bands show the 10th to 90th percentile across 4 habitat cells. Over 44 years at a typical spot in the range (NASA POWER) the absolute minimum was -9.3 °C and the 99th-percentile day 35.5 °C; neither is dated to a month. Beneath: daily light integral and relative humidity through the year, each on its own scale.
Figures by month
| Figure | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Day °C | 8 / 7–9 | 9 / 8–10 | 13 / 12–15 | 18 / 17–19 | 24 / 22–24 | 28 / 26–31 | 32 / 29–35 | 32 / 30–34 | 29 / 27–30 | 23 / 22–24 | 15 / 14–16 | 10 / 9–11 |
| Night °C | 0 / -3–1 | 0 / -3–1 | 3 / 1–5 | 7 / 5–9 | 11 / 10–13 | 16 / 14–17 | 19 / 18–20 | 19 / 18–20 | 16 / 15–17 | 11 / 10–13 | 5 / 3–7 | 2 / -1–3 |
| Rain mm | 158 / 146–173 | 153 / 144–163 | 144 / 125–155 | 111 / 81–127 | 60 / 43–86 | 21 / 7–40 | 10 / 2–21 | 11 / 2–23 | 24 / 8–31 | 75 / 55–86 | 125 / 119–134 | 156 / 150–170 |
| DLI | 16 / 16–16 | 22 / 21–22 | 29 / 29–30 | 37 / 36–38 | 44 / 42–45 | 48 / 47–50 | 48 / 47–50 | 44 / 43–46 | 37 / 36–38 | 27 / 27–27 | 19 / 18–20 | 14 / 14–15 |
| RH % | 59 / 58–61 | 59 / 58–60 | 59 / 57–59 | 57 / 53–60 | 56 / 47–60 | 55 / 40–58 | 56 / 39–58 | 56 / 40–58 | 54 / 41–56 | 54 / 47–55 | 56 / 54–57 | 60 / 57–61 |
How this section is made
Natural habitat
How this section is made
Related
Similar habitat climate The 6 nearest by mean daily high, mean nightly low and rain, month by month. How.
Fritillaria assyriaca Liliaceae Photo: CC0, Dûrzan Colchicum baytopiorum Colchicaceae Fritillaria alfredae Liliaceae 
Glaucosciadium cordifolium Apiaceae Photo: CC BY, Marios Thoma
Corydalis rutifolia Papaveraceae Photo: CC BY, Marios ThomaOther Sternbergia 4 in the reference
Sternbergia candida White Sternbergia Photo: CC BY-SA, Epibase
Sternbergia clusiana Amaryllidaceae Photo: CC BY, yelena_antipova
Sternbergia colchiciflora Turkish starflower Photo: CC BY, mycoroco
Sternbergia lutea Winter daffodil Photo: CC BY, bogsuckers Names & registers
Also known as Amaryllis vernalis; Oporanthus fischerianus; Sternbergia fischeriana; Sternbergia fischeriana f. hissarica; Sternbergia fischeriana subsp. hissarica. (GBIF Backbone)
The record
Every figure here is derived from public data by a stated rule and names its source; nothing about this species is written for its page by a person or by AI, apart from the marked, credited quotations. How →
Where this page came from built 2026-10-22
gbif.species answeredasked 2026-10-22gbif.synonyms answeredasked 2026-10-22gbif.vernacular answeredasked 2026-10-22names fetched 2026-10-22wcvp.distribution answeredas of 2026-06-04gbif.occurrences answeredas of 2026-10-21GBIF occurrence download https://doi.org/10.15468/dl.hbdw64, of 2026-10-21climate answeredasked 2026-10-22climate.extremes answeredasked 2026-10-22NASA POWER (MERRA-2) daily 1981–2024, cell 35.50_36.250, lapse-corrected +610 m at 6.5 °C/kmwikidata answeredasked 2026-10-22wikipedia answeredasked 2026-10-22inat.photos.wild nothing to reportasked 2026-10-22from iNaturalist's open data of 2026-09-27: research-grade observations with an open-licence photograph, the 24 whose photographs iNaturalist received last (the open data holds no votes); filled 2026-10-22inat.photos.cultivated not askedgbif.media nothing to reportasked 2026-10-22commons answeredasked 2026-10-22openalex not askednot yet asked for this reference; a later fill takes the papers from OpenAlex's snapshotEvery source is recorded as having answered, reported nothing, refused, failed, not been asked, or answered twice where one answer is taken (“not taken: two items answered”), and, for a source asked when this page was built, when: the figures are as the source held them that day; a source read from a file (Kew's World Checklist, a GBIF download) says "as of" the file's day instead; a row carried from an earlier build of the page names that build instead. Only “nothing to report” is ever shown as an absence. Records came from 3 datasets via GBIF.org; each carries its own licence.