48 photographs › At a glance
- Jan
- Feb
- Mar
- Apr
- May, shaded
- Jun, shaded
- Jul, shaded
- Aug, shaded
- Sep, shaded
- Oct, shaded
- Nov, shaded
- Dec
Summary
Tabernaemontana grandiflora is a species of plants in the oleander and frangipani family Apocynaceae. It is native to Panama and tropical South America and has a conservation status of least concern.
Quoted from Wikipedia, "Tabernaemontana grandiflora", CC BY-SA 4.0.
About the genus · Tabernaemontana
Tabernaemontana is a genus of flowering plants in the family Apocynaceae. It has a pan-tropical distribution, found in Asia, Africa, Australia, North America, South America, and islands of the Indian and Pacific Oceans. These plants are evergreen shrubs and small trees growing to 1–15 m tall. More on Wikipedia ›
Quoted from Wikipedia, "Tabernaemontana", CC BY-SA 4.0.
Cultivation
Seasons
The rain rule reads a sharp season: 70% of the median year's rain (1,796 mm of 2,339 mm) falls in May to November. The temperature curve is flat, 1.1 °C between the warmest and coldest month, so the growing-season rule does not infer a growing season from it. Months are the habitat's, northern hemisphere. The habitat lies within 10° of the equator, where the shift rule does not apply, so they are not shifted for a collection elsewhere.
Rain
2,339 mm in the median year at the habitat, 1,796 mm of it May to November. Wettest month October at 309 mm, driest month January at 43 mm. Across the grid cells of the range the year's total runs 1,377 mm to 5,070 mm, the 10th to 90th percentile of each cell's own year. The median of the cells' own yearly totals, 2,329 mm, is the year's rain at the top of the page; the 2,339 mm here is the median year's, the twelve monthly medians added, which the rain rule reads. Habitat calendar, northern hemisphere; median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA.
Light
Open sky over the habitat: 29 to 36 mol/m²/day across the year (daily light integral, median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA; the lowest 10th-percentile month across the cells is 23, the highest 90th-percentile month 39).
Warmth and air
Monthly means: the coldest month's mean nightly low 22.2 °C in January and December (across the grid cells of the range 19.1 °C to 23.9 °C), the warmest month's mean daily high 30.1 °C in February (median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA). Cold floor: none read. The nearest figure is 22.2 °C, the coldest month's mean nightly low, January and December, in the median year (CHELSA); a month's mean of its nightly lows is warmer than the nights a floor is read from. The daily extremes were read at a weather cell whose ground is too far above or below the typical spot to correct for, and are not used.
Relative humidity at the habitat: 61 to 69% across the year (monthly means, median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA). A figure about the air, saying nothing about how the plant takes water.
How this section is made
Each card states this species' habitat figures with their sources, and what two fixed rules read from them; nothing here says what the plant does, wants or tolerates. The rules · the terms.
Seasons. Read from the median year of CHELSA monthly rainfall and mean temperature across the grid cells of the range: the rain rule takes the smallest set of months carrying 70% of the rain and calls it winter when its mean is more than half a degree below the year's, summer when more than that above, and neither in between; the temperature rule, used only under 120 mm, names the cooler six months when they are at least a degree cooler than the other six. Months are shifted for the other hemisphere only where the temperature curve moves 4 °C or more and the habitat lies 10° or more from the equator. A reading of the curves, not an observation of the plant.
Rain. CHELSA monthly precipitation, median year across the grid cells of the range. The rain that falls where the species is recorded; nothing about how the plant takes water.
Light. CHELSA shortwave radiation at each envelope cell, a daily-mean flux taken to a daily total and converted at 2.07 mol of PAR per MJ. The sky over the habitat, measured; what reaches a plant under a rock, a shrub or a shade cloth is not.
Temperature. CHELSA monthly means, median year across the grid cells of the range. No cold floor is read without a daily extremes series; the coldest month's mean nightly low named in its sentence is not one. Not a measured survival limit for any plant in a pot.
Humidity. CHELSA relative humidity, median year across the grid cells of the range.
Climate across the habitat
Habitat months, northern hemisphere
Mean daily high from 28 °C in Jun, Oct, Nov and Dec to 30 °C in Feb and Mar; mean nightly low from 22 °C in Jan, Oct, Nov and Dec to 23 °C in Feb, Mar, Apr, May, Jun, Jul, Aug and Sep. The cold quarter, Oct to Dec, is the three months around the coldest month's mean nightly low, centred on the 4 months in a row that tie for it. 2,339 mm of rain in the median year (the twelve monthly medians added), the wettest month Oct. The bands show the 10th to 90th percentile across 241 habitat cells. Beneath: daily light integral and relative humidity through the year, each on its own scale.
Figures by month
| Figure | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Day °C | 29 / 26–33 | 30 / 27–35 | 30 / 27–35 | 29 / 27–33 | 29 / 27–31 | 28 / 26–31 | 29 / 26–32 | 29 / 27–33 | 29 / 26–31 | 28 / 26–30 | 28 / 26–30 | 28 / 26–31 |
| Night °C | 22 / 19–24 | 23 / 19–24 | 23 / 20–25 | 23 / 20–25 | 23 / 20–25 | 23 / 20–25 | 23 / 19–24 | 23 / 19–24 | 23 / 19–24 | 22 / 19–24 | 22 / 19–24 | 22 / 19–24 |
| Rain mm | 43 / 11–133 | 68 / 13–156 | 112 / 24–231 | 217 / 91–409 | 287 / 167–561 | 240 / 123–539 | 219 / 95–548 | 249 / 127–563 | 273 / 166–545 | 309 / 211–537 | 219 / 136–501 | 103 / 48–285 |
| DLI | 33 / 29–36 | 35 / 31–38 | 36 / 31–39 | 33 / 28–37 | 30 / 25–34 | 30 / 23–36 | 32 / 25–38 | 33 / 27–38 | 32 / 26–37 | 30 / 25–34 | 29 / 25–32 | 30 / 26–34 |
| RH % | 62 / 53–69 | 61 / 52–68 | 62 / 54–69 | 66 / 60–71 | 68 / 64–72 | 68 / 63–72 | 66 / 60–71 | 67 / 60–72 | 68 / 62–72 | 69 / 63–73 | 68 / 62–72 | 66 / 58–71 |
The daily extremes were not used: the correction for elevation, -1537 m, is beyond the 1,000 m either way that a lapse rate is applied over, so the weather cell's ground is other terrain than the typical spot's. So no cold floor is read for this species, and the coldest month's mean nightly low is not taken as one. What that cell gave, so corrected, over 44 years: absolute minimum 18.3 °C, 1st-percentile night 20.6 °C.
How this section is made
Natural habitat
How this section is made
Photographs
Photographs: (c) Norman Salazar Arguedas, some rights reserved (CC BY-SA) (6).
Related
Similar habitat climate The 6 nearest by mean daily high, mean nightly low and rain, month by month. How.
Cordia panamensis Hairy lay-lay Photo: CC BY-SA, Lorraine Smith
Genipa americana Genipap Photo: CC BY, The Great Walter
Tillandsia elongata Bromeliaceae Photo: CC BY, Connor Connolly-Moyls Brownea stenantha Fabaceae 
Anacardium excelsum Wild Cashew Photo: CC BY, keesgroenendijk
Byrsonima spicata Doncella Photo: CC0, author not statedOther Tabernaemontana 21 in the reference
Tabernaemontana africana Apocynaceae Photo: CC BY, pbsg
Tabernaemontana alba White milkwood Photo: CC BY, Erick Vélez Sánchez
Tabernaemontana alternifolia Alternate-leaved crape jasmine Photo: CC BY, Ashwin A
Tabernaemontana amygdalifolia Apocynaceae Photo: CC BY, Carlos Domínguez-Rodríguez Tabernaemontana aurantiaca Apocynaceae 
Tabernaemontana catharinensis Pinwheel-flower Photo: CC BY, JG
Tabernaemontana corymbosa Apocynaceae Photo: CC BY, Greg III Espera
Tabernaemontana crassa Adam's-apple-flower Photo: CC BY-SA, Saint Fédriche NDZAI Tabernaemontana cymosa Apocynaceae 
Tabernaemontana dichotoma Apocynaceae Photo: CC BY, Ewen Cameron
Tabernaemontana divaricata Pinwheelflower Photo: CC BY, Sabarni Sarker
Tabernaemontana donnell-smithii Horse balls Photo: CC BY-SA, Jalil R. all 22 ›Names & registers
Also known as Malouetia riparia; Stemmadenia grandiflora; Stemmadenia pauciflora; Stemmadenia pennellii; Tabernaemontana riparia. (GBIF Backbone)
The record
Every figure here is derived from public data by a stated rule and names its source; nothing about this species is written for its page by a person or by AI, apart from the marked, credited quotations. How →
Where this page came from built 2026-10-22
gbif.species answeredasked 2026-10-22gbif.synonyms answeredasked 2026-10-22gbif.vernacular answeredasked 2026-10-22names fetched 2026-10-22wcvp.distribution answeredas of 2026-06-04gbif.occurrences answeredas of 2026-10-21GBIF occurrence download https://doi.org/10.15468/dl.hbdw64, of 2026-10-21; 2 records within 1 km of a botanic garden, herbarium or zoo left out (2 at a botanic garden or arboretum; Wikidata's list)climate answeredasked 2026-10-22climate.extremes answeredasked 2026-10-22NASA POWER (MERRA-2) daily 1981–2024, cell 6.50_-75.625, lapse-corrected -1537 m at 6.5 °C/km; read, and set aside: the correction for elevation, -1537 m, is beyond the 1,000 m either way that a lapse rate is applied over, so the weather cell's ground is other terrain than the typical spot's, so no cold floor is shownwikidata answeredasked 2026-10-22wikipedia answeredasked 2026-10-22inat.photos.wild answeredasked 2026-10-22from iNaturalist's open data of 2026-09-27: research-grade observations with an open-licence photograph, the 24 whose photographs iNaturalist received last (the open data holds no votes); filled 2026-10-22inat.photos.cultivated not askedgbif.media answeredasked 2026-10-22openalex not askednot yet asked for this reference; a later fill takes the papers from OpenAlex's snapshotEvery source is recorded as having answered, reported nothing, refused, failed, not been asked, or answered twice where one answer is taken (“not taken: two items answered”), and, for a source asked when this page was built, when: the figures are as the source held them that day; a source read from a file (Kew's World Checklist, a GBIF download) says "as of" the file's day instead; a row carried from an earlier build of the page names that build instead. Only “nothing to report” is ever shown as an absence. Records came from 130 datasets via GBIF.org; each carries its own licence.