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Tectaria phaeocaulos (Rosenst.) C.Chr.

Polypodiaceae · China South-Central, Hainan +5 · listed by its family as a fern or moss

English names not checked: Wikidata's common names were not read for this page.

Photographs not checked iNaturalist and GBIF media were skipped (not asked) when this page was built. Not asked, or not answered, is not "none": nothing here claims there is none. Why the site says it this way.
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Sow seed
Habitat figures
Cold floor (1 night in 100)
8.5°C
Record low 3.7 °C in 44 years, at a typical spot in the range NASA POWER
Warmest month, mean daily high
29°C
Jul at the habitat CHELSA
Rain a year (median across the range)
3,879mm
12 months of 25 mm or more in the median year CHELSA
Open-sky light
15–38DLI
Lowest to highest month (DLI) CHELSA
The year in your months, northern hemisphere
  1. Jan
  2. Feb
  3. Mar
  4. Apr
  5. May
  6. Jun
  7. Jul
  8. Aug
  9. Sep
  10. Oct
  11. Nov
  12. Dec
Wet summers: the rain comes May to November, read as a summer growing season. rain rule, CHELSA
Northern hemisphere unless you set your site. The chart is in the habitat's months.

Cultivation

Grouped as a fern or moss, listed under the family Polypodiaceae in the archetype table, and Kew describes it as “perennial”.

Seasons

The rain rule reads a summer growing season: 70% of the median year's rain (2,756 mm of 3,887 mm) falls in May to November, warmer than the year (wet-season mean 24.7 °C against a yearly mean of 21.6 °C). Months are the habitat's, northern hemisphere; shifted six months for a southern-hemisphere collection: November to May.

Rain

3,887 mm in the median year at the habitat, 2,756 mm of it May to November. Wettest month September at 549 mm, driest month January at 203 mm. Across the grid cells of the range the year's total runs 2,682 mm to 4,802 mm, the 10th to 90th percentile of each cell's own year. The median of the cells' own yearly totals, 3,879 mm, is the year's rain at the top of the page; the 3,887 mm here is the median year's, the twelve monthly medians added, which the rain rule reads. Habitat calendar, northern hemisphere; median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA.

Light

Open sky over the habitat: 15 to 38 mol/m²/day across the year (daily light integral, median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA; the lowest 10th-percentile month across the cells is 13, the highest 90th-percentile month 39).

Warmth and air
Temperature

Coldest: the 1st-percentile night over 44 years at a typical spot in the range is 8.5 °C, the absolute minimum 3.7 °C, no frost in 44 years (NASA POWER daily minima). Warmest: the 99th-percentile day is 34.0 °C. Monthly means: the coldest month's mean nightly low 12.1 °C in January (across the grid cells of the range 9.3 °C to 15.2 °C), the warmest month's mean daily high 28.8 °C in July (median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA). Cold floor: 8.5 °C, which is the 1st-percentile night over 44 years at a typical spot in the range (NASA POWER).

Humidity

Relative humidity at the habitat: 65 to 69% across the year (monthly means, median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA). A figure about the air, saying nothing about how the plant takes water.

How this section is made

Each card states this species' habitat figures with their sources, and what two fixed rules read from them; nothing here says what the plant does, wants or tolerates. The rules · the terms.

Seasons. Read from the median year of CHELSA monthly rainfall and mean temperature across the grid cells of the range: the rain rule takes the smallest set of months carrying 70% of the rain and calls it winter when its mean is more than half a degree below the year's, summer when more than that above, and neither in between; the temperature rule, used only under 120 mm, names the cooler six months when they are at least a degree cooler than the other six. Months are shifted for the other hemisphere only where the temperature curve moves 4 °C or more and the habitat lies 10° or more from the equator. A reading of the curves, not an observation of the plant.

Rain. CHELSA monthly precipitation, median year across the grid cells of the range. The rain that falls where the species is recorded; nothing about how the plant takes water.

Light. CHELSA shortwave radiation at each envelope cell, a daily-mean flux taken to a daily total and converted at 2.07 mol of PAR per MJ. The sky over the habitat, measured; what reaches a plant under a rock, a shrub or a shade cloth is not.

Temperature. NASA POWER daily minima and maxima over 44 years at a typical spot in the range, lapse-corrected -194 m to its elevation; CHELSA monthly means, median year across the grid cells of the range. The cold floor is the 1st-percentile night named in its sentence. Not a measured survival limit for any plant in a pot.

Humidity. CHELSA relative humidity, median year across the grid cells of the range.

Group. Listed under the family Polypodiaceae in the archetype table, and Kew describes it as “perennial”. A group is taken only where Kew's description of the species agrees with the table's listing. The table gives no figure and no prose; the cold floor is the habitat's alone.

Climate across the habitat

Habitat months, northern hemisphere

Habitat climate of Tectaria phaeocaulos through the yearWarmest month July, mean daily high 29 °C; coldest month January, mean nightly low 12.1 °C; 3,887 mm of rain in the median year (the twelve monthly medians added). Medians across the range, from CHELSA; the extremes at the edge from NASA POWER. Habitat months, northern hemisphere.0°10°20°30°40°34.0° 99th-percentile day, NASA POWER3.7° lowest night in 44 years, NASA POWER°C · day and nightcold quarter0200400600800mm rainDLI 15–38RH 65–69%JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
day night rain medians and 10th–90th percentile across 87 habitat cells, CHELSA cold quarter: the three months around the coldest month's mean nightly low extremes over 44 years at a typical spot in the range, from NASA POWER, marked at the edge, in no month DLI, mol/m²/dayRH %each on its own scale
Figures by month
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Day °C17 / 15–1918 / 16–2020 / 18–2223 / 21–2425 / 23–2727 / 25–2929 / 27–3028 / 26–3027 / 25–2824 / 22–2622 / 19–2318 / 16–20
Night °C12 / 9–1513 / 10–1515 / 13–1718 / 16–2021 / 18–2323 / 20–2525 / 20–2624 / 21–2623 / 20–2521 / 17–2318 / 15–2014 / 11–17
Rain mm203 / 54–289256 / 135–344215 / 162–269226 / 177–254321 / 254–424398 / 307–565295 / 192–492367 / 282–535549 / 360–686449 / 127–641377 / 67–512231 / 51–322
DLI15 / 13–2117 / 15–2324 / 21–2928 / 26–3231 / 29–3333 / 31–3438 / 35–3935 / 32–3629 / 28–3123 / 21–2817 / 15–2315 / 13–20
RH %66 / 62–7367 / 64–7367 / 64–7268 / 65–7268 / 65–7269 / 65–7267 / 64–7168 / 65–7168 / 66–7267 / 64–7266 / 63–7265 / 62–72
How this section is made
Each figure is the median across the 87 grid cells holding the 311 in-range records, with the 10th–90th percentile span across those cells after the slash where it differs. A dash is a month one or more of those cells has no figure for in the grid (a variable CHELSA does not carry there), so no median is taken rather than one over fewer cells. Extremes and elevation were read at a typical spot in the range, cell 1300:6030 (24.975, 121.525). Over 44 years there: absolute minimum 3.7 °C, 1st-percentile night 8.5 °C, 99th-percentile day 34.0 °C. Normals: CHELSA V2.1 1981–2010 climatology, 0.05° cells (each the mean of ~36 1 km pixels). Across the range: median and 10th–90th percentile of each month across the 87 distinct grid cells holding 311 of the 311 in-range records; extremes and elevation at the typical cell 1300:6030 (its coldest month's mean nightly low nearest the median across cells); its position is the cell centre. Extremes: NASA POWER (MERRA-2) daily 1981–2024, cell 25.00_121.250, lapse-corrected -194 m at 6.5 °C/km. Elevation: ETOPO 2022, 35 m (cell mean).

Natural habitat

Native range as published by WCVP; the marker is where the records are densest and decides nothing: the climate was read across the cells of the in-range records placed well enough to read one, not at the marker.
Openly licensed records inside the range, framed on where they fall.

This species has no GBIF key of its own. Its records are GBIF's under the keys of the names Kew's World Checklist holds as this plant: 7471649 (Aspidium phaeocaulon Rosenst., 0 records), 12278884 (Tectaria phaeocaulos (Rosenst.) C.Chr., 478 records). No name was matched to GBIF; the keys are read from Kew's synonymy. How.

NativeChina South-Central, Hainan, China Southeast, Nansei-shoto, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam · regions are the level-3 units of the World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, as Kew's World Checklist records ranges, some under historical names such as Yugoslavia or Czechoslovakia (how).
Map marker24.91, 121.604 · in the densest population, 295 records (92% of those in range)
Kew's description“perennial” · “subtropical” · quoted from WCVP, RBG Kew (CC BY 4.0); not derived here
Evidence usedThe map marker rests on all 321 georeferenced records inside the native range; the climate across the range on the 311 of them placed to within 10 km; the map shows only the 38 openly licensed ones, which alone would put the marker 4 km away. 1 record outside the WCVP native range not used. 10 in-range records are placed to worse than 10 km, or with no stated accuracy (admitted only as a person's observation to three decimals), and stay on the map but off the climate.
Other GBIF keysRecords also from GBIF's key 7471649 (Aspidium phaeocaulon Rosenst.): Kew's file holds it as Aspidium phaeocaulon Rosenst. (synonym under Tectaria phaeocaulos (Rosenst.) C.Chr.); 0 records, from GBIF's search API on the day of the build.Records also from GBIF's key 12278884 (Tectaria phaeocaulos (Rosenst.) C.Chr.): Kew's file holds it as Tectaria phaeocaulos (Rosenst.) C.Chr. (accepted); 478 records, from GBIF's download.
How this section is made
The map marker: the openly licensed record nearest the middle of the densest 1° population of the 321 in-range records; it decides nothing. Records outside the native range, living specimens and records marked introduced are not used; which records count.

Photographs

Not checked. iNaturalist and GBIF media were skipped (not asked) when this page was built. Not a statement that none exist.

Similar habitat climate The 6 nearest by mean daily high, mean nightly low and rain, month by month. How.

Mazus fauriei Mazus fauriei Taiwan Mazus Photo: CC0, author not statedAlpinia uraiensis Alpinia uraiensis Zingiberaceae Photo: CC BY, 胡正恆(Jackson Hu)Itea oldhamii Itea oldhamii Formosan Sweetspire Photo: CC BY, Kiwi ShenBambusa pachinensis Bambusa pachinensis Pachi bamboo Photo: CC BY-SA, 許文俊Cyanotis ciliata Cyanotis ciliata Commelinaceae Photo: CC BY, 呂一起(Lyu yi-chi)Staurogyne concinnula Staurogyne concinnula Acanthaceae Photo: CC BY, 如此甚好

Other Tectaria 17 in the reference

Tectaria cicutaria Tectaria cicutaria Button fern Photo: Public domain, DaderotTectaria decurrens Tectaria decurrens Tectariaceae Photo: CC BY, Kiwi ShenTectaria fauriei Tectaria fauriei Tectariaceae Photo: CC BY, 潘立傑 LICHIEH_PANTectaria fuscipes Tectaria fuscipes Black scaled halberd fern Photo: CC BY, 謝麗霦Tectaria gemmifera Tectaria gemmifera Tectariaceae Photo: CC BY-SA, Tony RebeloTectaria griffithii Tectaria griffithii Tectariaceae Photo: CC BY, Zheng-An WangTectaria harlandii Tectaria harlandii Tectariaceae Photo: CC BY-SA, 許文俊Tectaria heracleifolia Tectaria heracleifolia Broad halberd fern Photo: CC BY-SA, Kurt Miller Tectaria hilocarpa Tectariaceae Tectaria incisa Tectaria incisa Incised halberd fern Photo: CC BY, Matteo BellucciTectaria membranacea Tectaria membranacea Tectariaceae Photo: CC BY, 謝麗霦Tectaria polymorpha Tectaria polymorpha Tectariaceae Photo: CC BY, 黃美滿 all 18 ›

Names & registers

Also known as Aspidium laciniatum; Aspidium phaeocaulon; Tectaria laciniata. (WCVP, RBG Kew)

IPNIPOWOWikidataWFO

The record

Family
Polypodiaceae
Described by
(Rosenst.) C.Chr.
Native to
China South-Central, Hainan, China Southeast +4
Wild records
321 in range · 38 open

Every figure here is derived from public data by a stated rule and names its source; nothing about this species is written for its page by a person or by AI, apart from the marked, credited quotations. How →

Where this page came from built 2026-10-22
Kew's names (WCVP) kew.names answeredas of 2026-06-04Kew's entry Tectaria phaeocaulos (Rosenst.) C.Chr. (plant_name_id 3153179), read from Kew's names file
GBIF species record gbif.species not askedGBIF's backbone holds no one accepted species of this name, and a name it holds only as another species' synonym is not taken for this one, so GBIF's records were not asked
GBIF synonyms gbif.synonyms not askedGBIF's backbone holds no one accepted species of this name, and a name it holds only as another species' synonym is not taken for this one, so GBIF's records were not asked
GBIF common names gbif.vernacular not askedGBIF's backbone holds no one accepted species of this name, and a name it holds only as another species' synonym is not taken for this one, so GBIF's records were not asked
WCVP native range wcvp.distribution answeredas of 2026-06-04
GBIF occurrence records gbif.occurrences answeredasked 2026-10-22this species has no GBIF key of its own; its records are read under GBIF's keys for the names Kew's file holds as this plant, never by a name matched; GBIF occurrence download https://doi.org/10.15468/dl.hbdw64, of 2026-10-21; 0 records of GBIF's key 7471649, Aspidium phaeocaulon Rosenst. (Kew's file holds it as Aspidium phaeocaulon Rosenst. (synonym under Tectaria phaeocaulos (Rosenst.) C.Chr.)): GBIF occurrence search API; 478 records of GBIF's key 12278884, Tectaria phaeocaulos (Rosenst.) C.Chr. (Kew's file holds it as Tectaria phaeocaulos (Rosenst.) C.Chr. (accepted)): the GBIF download; 2 records within 1 km of a botanic garden, herbarium or zoo left out (2 at a zoo; Wikidata's list)
Habitat climate climate answeredasked 2026-10-22
Daily extremes (NASA POWER) climate.extremes answeredasked 2026-10-22NASA POWER (MERRA-2) daily 1981–2024, cell 25.00_121.250, lapse-corrected -194 m at 6.5 °C/km
Wikidata wikidata answeredasked 2026-10-22found by Kew's IPNI identifier 17361150-1, POWO 17361150-1
Wikipedia wikipedia nothing to reportasked 2026-10-22
iNaturalist photographs, wild inat.photos.wild not asked
iNaturalist photographs, cultivated inat.photos.cultivated not asked
GBIF media gbif.media not askedGBIF's backbone holds no one accepted species of this name, and a name it holds only as another species' synonym is not taken for this one, so GBIF's records were not asked
Wikimedia Commons commons nothing to reportasked 2026-10-22
OpenAlex papers openalex not askednot yet asked for this reference; a later fill takes the papers from OpenAlex's snapshot

Every source is recorded as having answered, reported nothing, refused, failed, not been asked, or answered twice where one answer is taken (“not taken: two items answered”), and, for a source asked when this page was built, when: the figures are as the source held them that day; a source read from a file (Kew's World Checklist, a GBIF download) says "as of" the file's day instead; a row carried from an earlier build of the page names that build instead. Only “nothing to report” is ever shown as an absence. Records came from 1 datasets via GBIF.org; each carries its own licence.

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