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An example collection, so you can see what this page does. Nothing added here is kept: leaving deletes it.
Terminalia pendula; photograph T R Shankar Raman, CC BY, iNaturalist via GBIF CC BYT R Shankar Raman, CC BY, iNaturalist via GBIF

Terminalia pendula (Edgew.) Gere & Boatwr.

Dhok

Combretaceae · China South-Central, Assam +8

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Terminalia pendula, photograph T R Shankar Raman, CC BY, iNaturalist via GBIFTerminalia pendula, photograph T R Shankar Raman, CC BY, iNaturalist via GBIFTerminalia pendula, photograph Srinivasan Kasinathan, CC BY, iNaturalist via GBIFTerminalia pendula, photograph Srinivasan Kasinathan, CC BY, iNaturalist via GBIFTerminalia pendula, photograph Srinivasan Kasinathan, CC BY, iNaturalist via GBIFTerminalia pendula, photograph S.MORE, CC0, iNaturalist via GBIF 23 photographs ›
Habitat figures
Cold floor (1 night in 100)
5.3°C
Record low 1.1 °C in 44 years, at a typical spot in the range NASA POWER
Warmest month, mean daily high
40°C
May at the habitat CHELSA
Rain a year (median across the range)
832mm
4 months of 25 mm or more in the median year CHELSA
Open-sky light
26–47DLI
Lowest to highest month (DLI) CHELSA
The year in your months, northern hemisphere
  1. Jan
  2. Feb
  3. Mar
  4. Apr
  5. May
  6. Jun
  7. Jul
  8. Aug
  9. Sep
  10. Oct
  11. Nov
  12. Dec
Wet summers: the rain comes July to September, read as a summer growing season. rain rule, CHELSA
Northern hemisphere unless you set your site. The chart is in the habitat's months.

Summary

Terminalia pendula is an Asian species of tree in the family Combretaceae. It is a medium-sized tree found in both primary and secondary tropical and sub-tropical forests. It is recorded from India to China, south to Thailand and Vietnam. It may be one of the dominant species of seasonal tropical forests of Vietnam. More on Wikipedia ›

Quoted from Wikipedia, "Terminalia pendula", CC BY-SA 4.0.

Cultivation

Seasons

The rain rule reads a summer growing season: 70% of the median year's rain (680 mm of 827 mm) falls in July to September, warmer than the year (wet-season mean 28.1 °C against a yearly mean of 25.9 °C). Months are the habitat's, northern hemisphere; shifted six months for a southern-hemisphere collection: January to March.

Rain

827 mm in the median year at the habitat, 680 mm of it July to September. Wettest month July at 294 mm, driest months (2 at 5 mm). Across the grid cells of the range the year's total runs 673 mm to 2,771 mm, the 10th to 90th percentile of each cell's own year. The median of the cells' own yearly totals, 832 mm, is the year's rain at the top of the page; the 827 mm here is the median year's, the twelve monthly medians added, which the rain rule reads. Habitat calendar, northern hemisphere; median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA.

Light

Open sky over the habitat: 26 to 47 mol/m²/day across the year (daily light integral, median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA; the lowest 10th-percentile month across the cells is 25, the highest 90th-percentile month 48).

Warmth and air
Temperature

Coldest: the 1st-percentile night over 44 years at a typical spot in the range is 5.3 °C, the absolute minimum 1.1 °C, no frost in 44 years (NASA POWER daily minima). Warmest: the 99th-percentile day is 45.7 °C. Monthly means: the coldest month's mean nightly low 10.3 °C in January (across the grid cells of the range 8.1 °C to 22.0 °C), the warmest month's mean daily high 40.1 °C in May (median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA). Cold floor: 5.3 °C, which is the 1st-percentile night over 44 years at a typical spot in the range (NASA POWER).

Humidity

Relative humidity at the habitat: 37 to 64% across the year (monthly means, median year across the grid cells of the range, CHELSA). A figure about the air, saying nothing about how the plant takes water.

How this section is made

Each card states this species' habitat figures with their sources, and what two fixed rules read from them; nothing here says what the plant does, wants or tolerates. The rules · the terms.

Seasons. Read from the median year of CHELSA monthly rainfall and mean temperature across the grid cells of the range: the rain rule takes the smallest set of months carrying 70% of the rain and calls it winter when its mean is more than half a degree below the year's, summer when more than that above, and neither in between; the temperature rule, used only under 120 mm, names the cooler six months when they are at least a degree cooler than the other six. Months are shifted for the other hemisphere only where the temperature curve moves 4 °C or more and the habitat lies 10° or more from the equator. A reading of the curves, not an observation of the plant.

Rain. CHELSA monthly precipitation, median year across the grid cells of the range. The rain that falls where the species is recorded; nothing about how the plant takes water.

Light. CHELSA shortwave radiation at each envelope cell, a daily-mean flux taken to a daily total and converted at 2.07 mol of PAR per MJ. The sky over the habitat, measured; what reaches a plant under a rock, a shrub or a shade cloth is not.

Temperature. NASA POWER daily minima and maxima over 44 years at a typical spot in the range, lapse-corrected -87 m to its elevation; CHELSA monthly means, median year across the grid cells of the range. The cold floor is the 1st-percentile night named in its sentence. Not a measured survival limit for any plant in a pot.

Humidity. CHELSA relative humidity, median year across the grid cells of the range.

Climate across the habitat

Habitat months, northern hemisphere

Habitat climate of Terminalia pendula through the yearWarmest month May, mean daily high 40 °C; coldest month January, mean nightly low 10.3 °C; 827 mm of rain in the median year (the twelve monthly medians added). Medians across the range, from CHELSA; the extremes at the edge from NASA POWER. Habitat months, northern hemisphere.0°10°20°30°40°50°45.7° 99th-percentile day, NASA POWER1.1° lowest night in 44 years, NASA POWER°C · day and nightcold quarter0100200300400500600mm rainDLI 26–47RH 37–64%JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
day night rain medians and 10th–90th percentile across 89 habitat cells, CHELSA cold quarter: the three months around the coldest month's mean nightly low extremes over 44 years at a typical spot in the range, from NASA POWER, marked at the edge, in no month DLI, mol/m²/dayRH %each on its own scale
Figures by month
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Day °C24 / 22–3227 / 25–3432 / 30–3537 / 32–3940 / 31–4238 / 28–3932 / 28–3330 / 28–3132 / 28–3332 / 29–3429 / 27–3025 / 23–30
Night °C10 / 8–2213 / 11–2318 / 16–2423 / 21–2527 / 24–2828 / 24–2925 / 23–2624 / 23–2524 / 23–2421 / 19–2316 / 14–2312 / 10–22
Rain mm7 / 5–178 / 4–295 / 3–627 / 5–16410 / 8–25173 / 56–555294 / 214–518262 / 183–381124 / 100–28222 / 13–36810 / 7–2075 / 3–44
DLI29 / 28–3735 / 34–4041 / 40–4247 / 38–4747 / 33–4841 / 25–4129 / 25–3126 / 25–3033 / 30–3434 / 30–3530 / 29–3127 / 26–33
RH %50 / 49–5946 / 44–5941 / 40–6037 / 36–6339 / 38–6649 / 47–7161 / 59–7164 / 63–7058 / 57–6947 / 45–6847 / 45–6650 / 48–61
How this section is made
Each figure is the median across the 89 grid cells holding the 154 in-range records, with the 10th–90th percentile span across those cells after the slash where it differs. A dash is a month one or more of those cells has no figure for in the grid (a variable CHELSA does not carry there), so no median is taken rather than one over fewer cells. Extremes and elevation were read at a typical spot in the range, cell 1296:5115 (25.175, 75.775). Over 44 years there: absolute minimum 1.1 °C, 1st-percentile night 5.3 °C, 99th-percentile day 45.7 °C. Normals: CHELSA V2.1 1981–2010 climatology, 0.05° cells (each the mean of ~36 1 km pixels). Across the range: median and 10th–90th percentile of each month across the 89 distinct grid cells holding 154 of the 154 in-range records; extremes and elevation at the typical cell 1296:5115 (its coldest month's mean nightly low nearest the median across cells); its position is the cell centre. Extremes: NASA POWER (MERRA-2) daily 1981–2024, cell 25.00_75.625, lapse-corrected -87 m at 6.5 °C/km. Elevation: ETOPO 2022, 290 m (cell mean).

Natural habitat

Native range as published by WCVP; the marker is where the records are densest and decides nothing: the climate was read across the cells of the in-range records placed well enough to read one, not at the marker.
Openly licensed records inside the range, framed on where they fall.
NativeChina South-Central, Assam, Bangladesh, East Himalaya, India, Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam · regions are the level-3 units of the World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, as Kew's World Checklist records ranges, some under historical names such as Yugoslavia or Czechoslovakia (how).
Map marker25.153, 75.773 · in the densest population, 106 records (63% of those in range)
Kew's description“shrub or tree” · “seasonally dry tropical” · quoted from WCVP, RBG Kew (CC BY 4.0); not derived here
Evidence usedThe map marker rests on all 169 georeferenced records inside the native range; the climate across the range on the 154 of them placed to within 10 km; the map shows only the 57 openly licensed ones, which alone would put the marker 1735 km away. 1 record outside the WCVP native range not used. 15 in-range records are placed to worse than 10 km, or with no stated accuracy (admitted only as a person's observation to three decimals), and stay on the map but off the climate.
How this section is made
The map marker: the openly licensed record nearest the middle of the densest 1° population of the 169 in-range records; it decides nothing. Records outside the native range, living specimens and records marked introduced are not used; which records count.

Photographs

Terminalia pendula, photograph 1did not loadTerminalia pendula, photograph 2did not loadTerminalia pendula, photograph 3did not loadTerminalia pendula, photograph 4did not loadTerminalia pendula, photograph 5did not loadTerminalia pendula, photograph 6did not load

Photographs: T R Shankar Raman, CC BY, iNaturalist via GBIF (2); Srinivasan Kasinathan, CC BY, iNaturalist via GBIF (3); S.MORE, CC0, iNaturalist via GBIF.

Similar habitat climate The 6 nearest by mean daily high, mean nightly low and rain, month by month. How.

Ziziphus nummularia Ziziphus nummularia Jujube Photo: CC BY, harrierTrichosanthes dioica Trichosanthes dioica Pointed gourd Photo: CC0, author not statedCordia myxa Cordia myxa Assyrian plum Photo: CC0, author not statedMicrochirita hamosa Microchirita hamosa Gesneriaceae Photo: CC BY-SA, Dinesh ValkeEuphorbia caducifolia Euphorbia caducifolia Euphorbiaceae Photo: CC BY, harrierEchinops echinatus Echinops echinatus Indian globe thistle Photo: CC0, author not stated

Other Terminalia 34 in the reference

Terminalia amazonia Terminalia amazonia Combretaceae Photo: CC BY-SA, David J. StangTerminalia anogeissiana Terminalia anogeissiana Indian Sumac Photo: CC BY, Ravuri Krishna ChaitanyaTerminalia argentea Terminalia argentea Combretaceae Photo: CC BY, Thomaz Ricardo Favreto SinaniTerminalia arjuna Terminalia arjuna Arjun Photo: CC BY, Ravuri Krishna ChaitanyaTerminalia australis Terminalia australis Combretaceae Photo: CC BY, Andrea GantzerTerminalia bellirica Terminalia bellirica Beleric myrobalan Photo: CC BY, Ravuri Krishna ChaitanyaTerminalia bentzoe Terminalia bentzoe Combretaceae Photo: CC BY, Adrien JaillouxTerminalia boivinii Terminalia boivinii Combretaceae Photo: CC BY, Stuart CableTerminalia brownii Terminalia brownii Combretaceae Photo: CC BY-SA, HENRY NJUGUNATerminalia buceras Terminalia buceras Black olive Photo: CC0, author not statedTerminalia calamansanai Terminalia calamansanai Combretaceae Photo: CC BY, T R Shankar RamanTerminalia catappa Terminalia catappa Tropical almond Photo: CC BY, Sabarni Sarker all 35 ›

Names & registers

Also known as Anogeissus myrtifolia; Anogeissus pendula; Conocarpus myrtifolius. (GBIF Backbone)

GBIFPOWOIPNIWFOWikidataWikipedia

The record

Family
Combretaceae
Described by
(Edgew.) Gere & Boatwr.
Native to
China South-Central, Assam, Bangladesh +7
Wild records
169 in range · 57 open

Every figure here is derived from public data by a stated rule and names its source; nothing about this species is written for its page by a person or by AI, apart from the marked, credited quotations. How →

Where this page came from built 2026-10-22
GBIF species record gbif.species answeredasked 2026-10-22
GBIF synonyms gbif.synonyms answeredasked 2026-10-22
GBIF common names gbif.vernacular answeredasked 2026-10-22names fetched 2026-10-22
WCVP native range wcvp.distribution answeredas of 2026-06-04
GBIF occurrence records gbif.occurrences answeredas of 2026-10-21GBIF occurrence download https://doi.org/10.15468/dl.hbdw64, of 2026-10-21; 5 records within 1 km of a botanic garden, herbarium or zoo left out (5 at a botanic garden or arboretum; Wikidata's list)
Habitat climate climate answeredasked 2026-10-22
Daily extremes (NASA POWER) climate.extremes answeredasked 2026-10-22NASA POWER (MERRA-2) daily 1981–2024, cell 25.00_75.625, lapse-corrected -87 m at 6.5 °C/km
Wikidata wikidata answeredasked 2026-10-22
Wikipedia wikipedia answeredasked 2026-10-22
iNaturalist taxon inat.taxon not asked
iNaturalist photographs, wild inat.photos.wild not asked
iNaturalist photographs, cultivated inat.photos.cultivated not asked
GBIF media gbif.media answeredasked 2026-10-22
OpenAlex papers openalex not askednot yet asked for this reference; a later fill takes the papers from OpenAlex's snapshot

Every source is recorded as having answered, reported nothing, refused, failed, not been asked, or answered twice where one answer is taken (“not taken: two items answered”), and, for a source asked when this page was built, when: the figures are as the source held them that day; a source read from a file (Kew's World Checklist, a GBIF download) says "as of" the file's day instead; a row carried from an earlier build of the page names that build instead. Only “nothing to report” is ever shown as an absence. Records came from 10 datasets via GBIF.org; each carries its own licence.

Cultifolio

Opening your plants…